scholarly journals Experimental Investigation of a 560 Watt Organic Rankine Cycle System using R134a as Working Fluid and Plat Solar Collector as Heat Source

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 169-172
Author(s):  
Awaludin Martin ◽  
Muhammad Nur
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Solar Energy ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Cycle System

New and renewable energy sources such as solar, geothermal, and waste heat  are energy sources that can be used as a source of energy for Organic Rankine cycle system because the organic Rankine cycle (ORC) requires heat at low temperatures to be used as energy source. The experimental of Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) systems with solar energy as a heat source was conduct to investigate a small-scale ORC system with R134a as a working fluid by varying the heat source at temperature 75⁰C-95⁰C. The experiment resulted a maximum efficiency, power of system is 4.30%, and 185.9 Watt, where the temperature of heat source is 95⁰C, the pressure and temperature of steam inlet turbine is 1.38 MPa and 67.9oC respectively. Solar energy as the main energy source in the ORC system can reduce energy use up to 49.9% or 4080.8 kJ where the temperature of the water as the heat source in the evaporator is 51°C.

scholarly journals Análisis termodinámico del intercambiador de calor de un sistema ORC para el aprovechamiento de calor residual en procesos industriales

2019 ◽  
pp. 27-33
Author(s):  
Uzziel Caldiño-Herrera ◽  
Delfino Cornejo-Monroy ◽  
Shehret Tilvaldyev ◽  
José Omar Dávalos-Ramírez
Keyword(s):  
Energy Source ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Working Fluid

In this paper we present the implementation of a system based on organic Rankine cycle coupled to a heat discharge of an industrial process. Waste heat is used as an energy source input to the system, which uses this energy to evaporate an organic fluid and expand it in a turbine, where mechanical power is produced. The system consists of 4 processes and the heat exchanger is specially analyzed. According to the availability of heat energy, the heat exchanger was designed to achieve the maximum efficiency in the energy system. Likewise, the maximum thermal efficiency of the ORC system is calculated as a function of the available energy, the energy source temperature and the available mass flow rate. By these calculations, the working fluid and the suitable operating conditions were selected through a thermodynamic analysis.

Working Fluid and Parametric Optimization of a Two-Stage ORC Utilizing LNG Cold Energy and Low Grade Heat of Different Temperatures

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhixin Sun ◽  
Shujia Wang ◽  
Fuquan Xu ◽  
Tielong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Cycle Performance ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Cold Energy ◽  
Low Grade Heat

Natural gas is considered as a green fuel due to its low environmental impact. LNG contains a large amount of cold exergy and must be regasified before further utilization. ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle) has been proven to be a promising solution for both low grade heat utilization and LNG cold exergy recovery. Due to the great temperature difference between the heat source and LNG, the efficiency of one-stage ORC is relatively small. Hence, some researchers move forward to a two-stage Rankine cycle. Working fluid plays a quite important role in the cycle performance. Working fluid selection of a two-stage ORC is much more challenging than that of a single-stage ORC. In this paper, a two-stage ORC is studied. Heat source temperatures of 100,150 and 200°C are investigated. 20 substances are selected as potential candidates for both the high and low Rankine cycles. The evaporating, condensing and turbine inlet temperatures of both Rankine cycles are optimized by PSO (Particle Swarm Optimization). The results show that the best combination for heat source temperature of 100°C is R161/R218 with the maximum exergy efficiency of 35.27%. The best combination for 150°C is R161/RC318 with the maximum efficiency of 37.84% and ammonia/ammonia with the maximum efficiency of 39.15% for 200°C. Fluids with intermediate critical temperature, lower triple point temperature and lower normal boiling temperature are good candidates.

A Preliminary Turbine Design for an Organic Rankine Cycle

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Efstathiadis ◽  
M. Rivarolo ◽  
A. I. Kalfas ◽  
A. Traverso ◽  
P. Seferlis
Keyword(s):  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Choked Flow ◽  
Turbine Speed ◽  
Turbine Design

An increasing trend in exploiting low enthalpy content energy sources, has led to a renewed interest in small-scale turbines for Organic Rankine Cycle applications. The design concept for such turbines can be quite different from either standard gas or steam turbine designs. The limited enthalpic content of many energy sources enforces the use of organic working media, with unusual properties for the turbine. A versatile cycle design and optimization requires the parameterization of the prime turbine design. In order to address the major challenges involved in this process, the present study discusses the preliminary design of an electricity-producing turbine, in the range of 100 kWel, for a low enthalpy organic Rankine cycle. There are many potential applications of this power generating turbine including geothermal and solar thermal fields or waste heat of PEM type fuel cells. An integrated model of equations has been developed, accordingly. The model aims to assess the performance of an organic cycle for various working fluids, including NH3, R600a and R-134a. The most appropriate working fluid has been chosen, taking into consideration its influence on both cycle efficiency and the specific volume ratio. The influence of this choice is of particular importance at turbine extreme operating conditions, which are strongly related to the turbine size. In order to assess the influence of various design parameters, a turbine design tool has been developed and applied to preliminarily define the blading geometry. Finally, a couple of competitive turbine designs have been developed. In one approach, the turbine speed is restricted to subsonic domain, while in the other approach the turbine speed is transonic, resulting to choked flow at the turbine throat. The two approaches have been evaluated in terms of turbine compactness and machine modularity. Results show that keeping the crucial parameters of the geometrical formation of the blade constant, turbine size could become significantly smaller decreasing up to 90% compared its original value.

Analytical Study on Performance of a 250-kW Organic Rankine Cycle System under Off-Design Heat Source Temperatures by the Flow Rate Control Approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 764-765 ◽  
pp. 186-190
Author(s):  
Ben Ran Fu
Keyword(s):  
Heat Source ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Rate Control ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Control Approach ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Flow Rate Control ◽  
Net Power Output

A 250-kW organic Rankine cycle system comprised of a preheater, evaporator, condenser, turbine, generator, and pump was used to study its off-design performance and operational control strategy by the flow rate control approach of the working fluid R245fa. The net power output was 243 kW, and the system thermal efficiency was 9.5% under design conditions. The analytical results demonstrated that the flow rate of the working fluid increased with increasing the heat source temperature (TW,in); higher TW,in yielded better heat transfer performance of the designed preheater as well as a higher requirement for the evaporator’s heat capacity; and the net power output increased linearly with increasing TW,in.

scholarly journals Experimental study of Organic Rankine cycle system by using R141b as working fluid

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Aya H.A .Kareem Kareem ◽  
Ali A. F. Al-Hamadan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Heat Source ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Energy And Exergy Analysis

Organic Rankine cycle (ORC) is one of the renewable energy to generate power at low temperatures; however, the thermal and physical properties data of the working fluid in this system are limited. In this regards, the experimental study by using R-141b as the working fluid and hot water (i.e. 50°C and 90°C) on the ORC system was conducted in order to evaluate the ORC performance via changing temperatures. Further, the air compressor was modified to act as a multi-vane expander in the ORC system. Energy and exergy analysis of ORC system was done by using Engineering Equation Solver (EES) program. It was found that the performance of the expander is acceptable and suitable for operating conditions. In addition, the heat source temperature has a direct effect on expander performance. The higher temperatures of the heat source led to an increase the expander inlet temperature. This system satisfied maximum thermal and exergy efficiency and they found equal to 1.8 % and 21%, respectively. Moreover, the rotation speed and power of expander are equal to 1200 RPM and 2.331 kW respectively. It was concluded that the working fluid R-141b is suitable for ORC system due to consider the working fluid that do not need high temperatures to evaporate.

scholarly journals Design and CFD Analysis of a Radial-Inflow Turbine for Small Scale ORC Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 11005
Author(s):  
Alessandro Cappiello ◽  
Raffaele Tuccillo
Keyword(s):  
Waste Heat ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Line Design

In recent years, Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) technology has received growing interests, thanks to its high flexibility and to the capability to exploit energy sources at temperature levels difficult to be approached with conventional power cycles. These features allow exploiting renewable and renewable-equivalent energy sources, by either improving the energy conversion efficiency of existing plants or using waste heat from industrial process. As far as the expander is concerned, a high potential solution is represented by turbo-expanders, which allow reduction of plant clutter and complexity, so enhancing the potential impact on the diffusion of small power ORC-based plants. The present work concerns the design of a RadialInflow Turbine for a bottoming Organic Rankine Cycle in the tens of kW scale. Design boundary conditions are retrieved by a zero-dimensional model of a solar-assisted micro gas turbine in cogenerating mode. The design process is started by means of an in-house mean-line design code accounting for real gas properties. The code is used to carry out parametric analyses to investigate the design space for several working fluids encompassing different classes, namely refrigerants and siloxanes. The program is used to assess the effect of design variables and working fluid on the turbine performance and turbine design characteristics. Subsequently, the most promising design candidates are selected and three-dimensional first guess stator and rotor geometries are built on these preliminary designs. Stationary and rotating passages are then meshed and analyzed by means of RANS CFD based solution of the stator – rotor interaction.

scholarly journals Experimental analysis of organic Rankine cycle power generation system with radial inflow turbine and R245fa

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 168781402092166
Author(s):  
Lei Li ◽  
Le-ren Tao ◽  
Qing-qing Liu
Keyword(s):  
Output Power ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Design Parameters ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Inlet Temperature ◽  
Cycle System ◽  
Turbine Efficiency ◽  
Radial Inflow Turbine

Small turbines must operate at high rotational speeds to generate adequate output power. In this study, a radial inflow turbine using R245fa as the working fluid is miniaturised and is designed to have a rotational speed of 30,000 r/min. The organic Rankine cycle system is not simplified, and a preheater and a superheater are installed. The turbine is experimentally analysed in the organic Rankine cycle system. The experimental results show that with an increase in the inlet pressure, the turbine output power and system efficiency increase; moreover, the turbine efficiency first decreases and then increases slightly after the pressure exceeds 1.5 MPa. The turbine efficiency decreases first and then increases and attains the minimum value at an inlet temperature of 100°C–105°C. When the flow rate is 0.82 m3/s, the speed reaches its maximum value of 28,000 r/min, and a maximum output power of 17.37 kW is generated. The maximum efficiency of the turbine is 0.885 and that of the system is 0.1625. The experimental data and design parameters of the turbine provide a reference for further design optimization.

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