scholarly journals NGO Regulation: Themes and Debates with Reference to Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (43) ◽  
pp. 109-124
Author(s):  
Mukesh Kumar Bastola
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Resource Dependency ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Dependence Theory ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Donor Agencies

Since the 1980s, due to the failure of previous development strategies, nongovernmental organizations have emerged as major actors in development, particularly in developing countries like Nepal. However, in recent years, most countries have perceived that NGOs are not operating genuinely to fulfill their expected goals.  In this context, this paper set out to answer two questions: why NGOs tend to represent donors' preferences and why developing countries like Nepal become unable to adopt strict NGO regulations. It is based on the analysis of archival documents and review of previous study findings and draws insights from resource dependence theory. It concludes that when NGOs depend on external donors for financial resources, they are compelled to represent donor's interests. Similarly, aid-dependent developing countries like Nepal often hesitate to adopt strict NGO regulations because of the fear of external pressure from their donor agencies. Thus, resource dependency makes both NGOs and the governments unable to resist the pressure of donor agencies. Its conclusions can be useful to adopt an appropriate framework to regulate NGOs in Nepal.

Does it pay to bribe? The influence of bribery on new venture disbanding in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-196
Author(s):  
Jintong Tang ◽  
Zhi Tang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Local Economic Development ◽  
New Ventures ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Dependence Theory ◽  
Chinese Entrepreneurs

This research extends bribery research toward entrepreneurial theory and practice by examining how bribery impacts new venture disbanding in China. Existing research suggests that bribery may enhance firms’ competitive advantage; however, building off of resource-based view and taking into consideration the institutional context in China, the current study proposes that firm bribery activity hurts new ventures by increasing the hazard of venture disbanding. Further, guided by resource dependence theory, this study examines how local economic development and organizing activity moderate the relation between bribery and disbanding. In particular, it is proposed that when local economic development is suffering, or when firms are not engaging in appropriate organizing activities, bribery will lead to higher chance of new venture disbanding. Data from Chinese entrepreneurs support these hypotheses.

Coping with Demographic Change in Job Markets: How Age Diversity Management Contributes to Organisational Performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisela Bieling ◽  
Ruth Maria Stock ◽  
Florian Dorozalla
Keyword(s):  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Steady Increase ◽  
Organisational Performance ◽  
Age Diversity ◽  
Dependence Theory ◽  
Demographic Shifts ◽  
Hr Managers

Demographic shifts are altering job markets in developed countries. A steady increase in the average age of employees and a decline in the number of young, qualified workers have intensified the war for talent, resulting in highly competitive and dynamic job markets. Using resource dependence theory, this study investigates how organisations respond to such challenges. An investigation of a sample of 153 German companies provides support for the hypotheses that HR managers implement age diversity management in both appraisal and compensation practices as a response to competitive job markets which, in turn, contributes to organisational performance.

The effect of supplier globalization on firm innovation: a resource dependence theory perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yibo Wang ◽  
Bai Liu
Keyword(s):  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Market Competition ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Institutional Distance ◽  
Foreign Firms ◽  
Firm Innovation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dependence Theory

PurposeEither buying or making is predicted by the existing literature for firms to reduce dependence. However, firms in the rapid globalization are found to adopt a pattern of buying and making. Specially, they critically rely on foreign firms for needed materials and goods, and invest in innovation against the uncertainty of potential supply disruptions simultaneously. Therefore, this paper seeks to investigate how the depth and width of supplier globalization shape firm innovation together. Moreover, the moderating effects of institutional distance and market competition are also examined in the paper.Design/methodology/approachGrounded on the resource dependence theory, this paper develops a theoretical framework and tests the proposed hypotheses by Poisson model using secondary data from 502 Chinese listed firms with foreign suppliers.FindingsThe depth of supplier globalization has a positive impact on firm innovation, while the width of supplier globalization weakens firm innovation. The depth and width of supplier globalization further interact negatively to influence firm innovation. Moreover, this relationship is enhanced when firms establish relationships with foreign firms with greater institutional distance and is weakened when firms face fiercer product competition.Originality/valueThe authors contribute to the literature by evidencing that the existence of foreign suppliers results in firms' enhancement of innovation to secure their operations and showing that diversifying the country origins of foreign suppliers is an effective means to reduce firms' uncertainty about supply disruption. We also advance the understanding regarding the contextual factors in which firms are more likely or less likely to manage the uncertainty about supplier globalization.

scholarly journals Effect of Governance on the Efficiency of the Indonesian Banking Industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Fransiska Novina Hayu Indrianti ◽  
Sutrisno T. ◽  
Erwin Saraswati
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Banking Industry ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Banking Efficiency ◽  
Dependence Theory ◽  
Dea Efficiency

This study aims to examine observations and determine the effects of corporate governance on the efficiency of the Indonesian banking sector. The research calculated DEA efficiency and performed logistic regression, with a total sample of 150 observations. Results show that independent commissioners, the educational level of commissioners, the board of commissioners meeting, and the term of office of the commissioners all have a significant impact on improving the efficiency of the banking industry. Conversely, the large number of commissioners as well as the gender differences among them do not have any effect on banking efficiency. These findings indicate that authorities should not focus on the size of the board and the gender differences among the board commissioners in finding ways to increase or decrease a firm’s efficiency. The results of this study can contribute to academic research through agency theory and resource dependence theory as well as provide insights that can be used by practitioners. Keywords: Governance; banking efficiency; DEA

scholarly journals Maximising “Community Benefits” in public procurement: tensions and trade-offs

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 1909-1939
Author(s):  
Karen Lorraine Wontner ◽  
Helen Walker ◽  
Irina Harris ◽  
Jane Lynch
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Public Procurement ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Resource Dependency ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Community Benefits ◽  
Trade Offs

PurposeThis study aims to illuminate the challenges involved in implementing community benefits (CBs), a sustainable public procurement policy that ensures that there are positive social and economic outcomes for the local community when public money is spent on goods, works and services.Design/methodology/approachInterviews and focus groups were conducted with public sector buyers and suppliers in Wales with experience in implementing CBs. Resource dependence theory was used to examine the extent to which dependence on resources effects CBs implementation.FindingsWhilst the study confirms that implementation of CBs improves economic and social outcomes, there can also be challenges for public sector organisations and their constituent supply chains. These include tensions between CBs and other policies, differing views between buyers and suppliers, and the unintended consequences of promoting one form of CBs over another.Research limitations/implicationsThe research found that Welsh Government influences the buyer-supplier dyad through regulatory and financial power. We elaborate on resource dependency theory by adding four constructs (powerful stakeholders, intra and inter organisational issues, challenges and enablers) to better understand the flows of power and resources in this research context.Practical implicationsBuyer and supplier practitioners and policymakers may find the factors leading to successful CBs implementation useful, such as ensuring closer communication and liaison at early contract stages.Social implicationsCommunity benefits are aimed at improving socioeconomic issues through public procurement.Originality/valueThis study addresses the need for research into how public sector organisations and suppliers seek to implement socio-economic sustainability measures, and the lack of research on CBs implementation to date. It is also novel in adopting a dyadic approach and a resource dependency perspective.

Agility and resource dependency in ramp-up process of humanitarian organizations

2019 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Lu ◽  
Jie Wu ◽  
Mark Goh ◽  
Robert De Souza
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
Resource Dependency ◽  
Resource Scarcity ◽  
Small Sample ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Humanitarian Organizations

Purpose The ramp-up in humanitarian logistics operations is a stage when the demand surges, often at the start of an emergency. In response, agility is a key strategy used by the humanitarian organizations (HOs). However, the HOs are constrained by their existing resources and have to respond in the ramp-up process under their resource dependency. The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework on agility-building strategies used by HOs for the ramp-up. Design/methodology/approach This study applies both the dynamic capabilities perspective and resource dependence theory to humanitarian relief operations, and develops four testable propositions to explore the agility-building strategies of the HOs for the ramp-up process. A multiple-case study is conducted on six international HOs operating in Indonesia to verify them, in addition to an extensive literature search. Findings The case study shows that the human resource management, pre-positioning, standardization and supplier management of the HOs are all related to their resources and environment in the ramp-up process. The authors highlight the practical differences between the few super large, resource rich and centralized HOs with the second-tier HOs. Research limitations/implications Given the small sample size and single country as the site of study, some findings may not be applicable to the other HOs or in other regions. Practical implications The propositions could be applicable to other HOs operating under similar environments, and potentially to the commercial enterprises operating in a highly volatile environment with severe resource scarcity. Originality/value This study provides new insights into ramp-up operations and into how HOs build their agility and reduce their resource dependencies. Theoretically, the paper applies two established theories in the strategic management literature to a new field.

scholarly journals Falsification of Theorizing in Operations Management Research

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 102
Author(s):  
Abdul Salam Khan ◽  
Iqbal Muhammad Khan ◽  
Muhammad Sadiq ◽  
Imran Ahmed Khan
Keyword(s):  
Operations Management ◽  
Resource Dependence ◽  
Transaction Cost Economics ◽  
Resource Dependence Theory ◽  
The Body ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Dependence Theory ◽  
Practice Approach

The practices of operations management research have been inclined towards practicality and pragmatism. Induction is core background of research in operations management. However, there are certain biases and critiques on the generalizability of data using the approach of Induction, of which falsification is more prominent. This study takes upon three major theories used in Operations Management (OM) research such as Resource Based View (RBV), Transaction Cost Economics (TCE) and Resource Dependence Theory (RDT) and discusses the falsification critiques such as tautology on the theories and theorization of Operations Management (OM) and how the body of research in operations management responds to the criticism. Our study suggests that there needs to be a domain limitation of the theorizing process wherein the theory is posit to hold and thus exposing the theory at hand to the critique of falsification. The theory needs not to capture every facet of the phenomena under examination. This study also highlight the importance of developing field specific theories and the improvement brought into the process of theorization and towards the end we describe courses of action for improving the balance between theory and practice approach in the field.

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