scholarly journals Conjunctive Use of Water Resources in Sustainable Development of Agriculture in Terai Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 210-217
Author(s):  
Debi Prasad Bhattarai ◽  
Narendra Man Shakya
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Conjunctive Use ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Command Area ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Research Issues

The need of conjunctive use of surface and ground water resources in agricultural sector arises due to the continuous increase in population and its growing demand for the production of food and fiber globally. United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 2 also targets to double the agricultural productivity to feed the growing population and ensure sustainable food production systems by 2030. The conjunctive uses allow the utilization of ground water and surface water simultaneously as per the demand and supply requirement of available water resources. This paper presents an overview of the conjunctive use practices in the different parts of the world in general and specific issues for conjunctive use of irrigation for sustainable agriculture in the Terai region of Nepal. It covers a synopsis of literatures available regarding the conjunctive use of irrigation system in different irrigation command area of Nepal and unveils some research issues that need to be addressed. The review also covers an overview of different computer based models developed for the management of conjunctive water use for irrigated agriculture. Based on the review conclusions are drawn which could be helpful for further research and for the management of conjunctive irrigation system in the Terai region of Nepal.

scholarly journals CENÁRIO DA ÁREA IRRIGADA POR PIVÔ CENTRAL NO TRIANGULO MINEIRO, NO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL

Nativa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 613 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Soares Ferreira ◽  
Wilian Rodrigues Ribeiro ◽  
Morgana Scaramussa Gonçalves ◽  
Andre Alves Pinheiro ◽  
Ramon Amaro Sales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Satellite Images ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Sao Paulo ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
São Paulo ◽  
Irrigated Area ◽  
System Water

A agricultura irrigada no Brasil cresceu mais de 40% nos últimos 20 anos, representando uma área de 4,4 milhões de ha, com a região Sudeste representando 47% deste total. O método de irrigação por pivô é o que mais cresce, com os estados de Minas Gerais, Goiás, Bahia e São Paulo concentrando cerca de 80% da área ocupada pela tecnologia. Neste cenário, a atualização das informações torna-se fundamentais pois criarão bases de conhecimento que irão ajudar estabelecer diretrizes para adoção e planejamento de políticas públicas que venham a contribuir para o uso estratégico dos recursos hídricos. Foi realizado fotointerpretação na escala de 1:1000, em imagens satélite da plataforma Google EarthTM Pro, para identificação do equipamento e obtenção de sua área de ocupação. Com os dados coletados realizou-se análises em função dos municípios, microrregiões e bacias hidrográficas. Atualmente, estima-se uma área irrigada de 134.741,11 hectares e 2.301 pivôs centrais. Os municípios de Rio Paranaíba (302), Perdizes (164), Santa Juliana (135), Uberaba (120) e Patos de Minas (111) destacam-se em maior número de equipamentos. A Microrregião de Araxá abrange a maior concentração de pivôs, 694, com 40.728,94 hectares irrigados. Na Bacia do Rio Paranaíba concentra-se 85,75% dos pivôs.Palavras-chave: sensoriamento remoto, sistema de irrigação, recursos hídricos. SCENARIO OF THE AREA IRRIGATED BY CENTRAL PIVOT IN THE TRIÂNGULOMINEIRO, IN THE STATE OF MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL ABSTRACT: Irrigated agriculture in Brazil has grown over 40% in the last 20 years, representing an area of 4.4 million ha, with the Southeast region representing 47% of this total. The pivot irrigation method is the fastest growing, with the states of Minas Gerais, Goiás, Bahia and São Paulo concentrating around 80% of the area occupied by technology. In this scenario, updating the information becomes fundamental because it will create knowledge bases that will help establish guidelines for the adoption and planning of public policies that will contribute to the strategic use of water resources. It was realized photointerpretation in scale of 1: 1000, in satellite images of the platform Google EarthTM Pro, for identification of the equipment and obtaining of its area of occupation. With the data collected, analyzes were performed according to the municipalities, microregions and river basins. Currently, an irrigated area of 134,741.11 hectares and 2,301 central pivots is estimated. The municipalities of Rio Paranaíba (302), Perdizes (164), Santa Juliana (135), Uberaba (120) and Patos de Minas (111) stand out in more equipment. The Araxá Microregion encompasses the highest concentration of pivots, 694, with 40,728.94 irrigated hectares. In the Paranaíba River Basin, 85.75% of the pivots are concentrated.Keywords: remote sensing, irrigation system, water resources.

scholarly journals An automatic irrigation system for water optimization in the Algerian agricultural sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
O. Bouketir
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Pulse Width Modulation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Liquid Crystal Display ◽  
Flow Speed ◽  
Moisture Sensor ◽  
Plant Soil ◽  
Moisture Percentage ◽  
Traditional Irrigation

Abstract. Algeria is a vast country with three climatic types and different water resources. These resources are limited especially in the climatic zone two where most staple crops (e.g. wheat) are cultivated. To manage these water resources efficiently, traditional irrigation systems should be replaced by those based on advanced technological techniques. This paper introduces an irrigation system prototype constructed at the department of Electrical Engineering, University of Setif in Algeria. This prototype allows the control of the amount of water dispensed to the plant according to its soil moisture. The circuit was built around an Arduino microcontroller. A program was developed and burned into the microcontroller which was able to sense the amount of the moisture in the plant soil through a moisture sensor. According to this moisture quantity, the microcontroller is to take decision to on or off a small pump for an optimum time and flow speed. The pump was driven by a direct current motor which was controlled by a pulse width modulation dc chopper. The system is enhanced by a liquid crystal display to inform the operator about the moisture percentage, status of the pump and its speed.

Economic Essence of Agricultural Melioration and Scientific-Methodologic Aspects of Its Development

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 330
Author(s):  
Bahodir Sultanov
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Land Reclamation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Livestock Productivity

Reclamation plays a major role in increasing the efficiency of the agricultural sector. Poor or lack of land reclamation might be the reason for less efficiency of the sector. This paper focuses on the theoretical framework of ameliorative, classification of ameliorative, and factors that affects sustainable development. Our findings show that the weather conditions, soil fertility, availability of sufficient water resources, and other factors have a major impact on crop yields, livestock productivity, labor costs, and product.

scholarly journals Evaluating the Spatio-Temporal Distribution of Irrigation Water Components for Water Resources Management Using Geo-Informatics Approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 8607
Author(s):  
Muhammad Mohsin Waqas ◽  
Muhammad Waseem ◽  
Sikandar Ali ◽  
Megersa Kebede Leta ◽  
Adnan Noor Shah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Resources Management ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Indus Basin ◽  
Command Area ◽  
Resources Management ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Spatio Temporal

Spatio-temporal distribution of irrigation water components was evaluated at the canal command area in Indus Basin Irrigation System (IBIS) by using a remote sensing-based geo-informatics approach. Satellite-derived MODIS product-based Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) was used for the estimation of the actual evapotranspiration (ETa). The ground data-based advection aridity method (AA) was used to calibrate and validate the model. Statistical analysis of the SEBAL based ETa and AA shows the mean values of 87.1 mm and 47.9 mm during Kharif season (May–November) and 100 mm and 77 mm during the Rabi Season (December–April). Mean NSEs of 0.72 and 0.85 and RMSEs 34.9 and 5.76 during the Kharif and the Rabi seasons were observed for ETa and AA, respectively. Rainfall data were calibrated with the point observatory data of the metrological stations. The average annual ETa was found 899 mm for defined four cropping years (2011–2012 to 2014–2015) with the minimum average value of 63.3 mm in January and the maximum average value of 110.6 mm in August. Average of the sum of net canal water use (NCWU) and rainfall during the study period of four years was 548 mm (36% of ETa). Seasonal analysis revealed 39% and 61% of groundwater extraction proportion during Rabi and Kharif seasons, dependent upon the occurrence of rainfall and crop phenology. Overall, the results provide insight into the interrelationships between key water resources management components and the variation of these through time, offering information to improve the strategic planning and management of available water resources in this region.

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