scholarly journals Prevalence and Angiographic Characteristics of Coronary Ectasia in Adults: A Retrospective Study in a Tertiary Cardiac Centre of Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Satish Kumar Singh ◽  
Kiran Prasad Acharya ◽  
Chandra Mani Adhikari ◽  
Rikesh Tamrakar ◽  
Sanjay Singh KC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Coronary Aneurysm ◽  
Coronary Artery Ectasia ◽  
Arterial Segment ◽  
Coronary Ectasia ◽  
Cardiac Centre ◽  
Artery Disease

Background and Aims:  Coronary artery Ectasia is a relatively uncommon problem encountered during coronary angiography with the prevalence ranging from 1.2% to 4.9%.  Coronary artery Ectasia and aneurysm both denote an arterial segment the dimension of which is larger than normal arterial segment, both have diameter greater than 1.5 times of normal.  The length of dilate segment is greater than its width in Ectasia while less in aneurysm. There is an overlap between risk factors of coronary artery Ectasia and atherosclerosis. The clinical relevance in general, and the appropriate medical management of coronary artery Ectasia specifically, is ill defined, as no randomised prospective studies exists. The study was conducted with an aim to estimate the prevalence of coronary artery Ectasia and aneurysm as well as to study the angiographic characteristics of coronary artery Ectasia and aneurysm undergoing in adult patients’ coronary angiography in tertiary cardiac centre of Nepal. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in Shahid Gangalal national heart centre, Nepal analysing the angiographic records from cardiac catheterization lab.  A total of 447 patients who underwent coronary angiography and meet the inclusion criteria from July, 2019 to December, 2019 were included in the study. Any angiographic evidence of coronary Ectasia and aneurysm, coronary artery involved and it’s extent were analysed and recorded in the proforma. In addition, any associated evidence of coronary artery disease was analysed and recorded in the proforma. Results: The findings of our study revealed the overall prevalence of coronary artery Ectasia (CAE) and Coronary artery Aneurysm as 2.6%. Coronary ectasia was most prevalent in left anterior descending (LAD) artery (83.3%), followed by RCA and left main in 66.7% and 16.7% respectively.   In contrast, Coronary aneurysm was mostly seen in RCA (66.7%) followed by LCX (33.3%). In addition, the study also showed the frequency of localised Ectasia as 50 % and the association of significant coronary artery disease with coronary artery Ectasia in 66.67%. Conclusion: CAE and aneurysm are rare phenomenon encountered in routine coronary angiography, with LAD and RCA being most commonly involved in CAE and coronary aneurysm respectively.   CAE and aneurysm have significant association with the coronary artery disease.

scholarly journals Among Ectasia Patients with Coexisting Coronary Artery Disease, TIMI Frame Count Correlates with Ectasia Size and Markis Type IV Is the Commonest

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasahya Tony ◽  
Kai Meng ◽  
Bangwei Wu ◽  
Qiutang Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Coronary Arteries ◽  
Coronary Flow ◽  
Coronary Artery Ectasia ◽  
Timi Frame Count ◽  
Type Iv ◽  
Artery Disease

Background. Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) occurs in 0.3 to 5.3% of patients undergoing coronary angiography. TIMI frame count (TFC) is an index of coronary flow that correlates with flow velocity. In ectasia patients, there is delayed coronary flow with increased TFC.Methods.We evaluated angiograms of 789 patients for presence of CAE, coronary artery disease (CAD), and Markis type of CAE. We measured ectasia size and length and their correlation with TFC in ectatic right coronary arteries (RCA) of patients with CAE and CAD.Results.30 patients had CAE (3.8%). Of these 16.7% had isolated CAE, while 83.87% had CAE and CAD. Among CAE and CAD patients, the RCA was most involved (70.4%), and Markis type IV CAE was the commonest (64%). In isolated CAE, the RCA, LAD, and LCx were equally involved (33.3%). Patients with CAE and CAD had significantly higher TFC compared to controls,P=0.035. There was a positive correlation of moderate strength, between ectasia size and TFC,r(17) = 0.598,P=0.007. Ectasia length was not significantly correlated with TFC, rho (17) = 0.334,P=0.163.Conclusion.Among patients undergoing angiography, CAE has a prevalence of 3.8% and Markis type IV is the commonest. Larger ectasias are associated with slower coronary flow.

scholarly journals CORONARY ARTERY ECTASIA;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (04) ◽  
pp. 545-553
Author(s):  
Liaqat Ali ◽  
Naeem Asghar ◽  
Muhammad Yasir
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Descriptive Study ◽  
Type I ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Coronary Artery Ectasia ◽  
Study Materials ◽  
Coronary Ectasia ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Coronary Angiography

Background: Coronary artery ectasia (CAE) is well-recognized but relativelyuncommon finding during diagnostic coronary angiography. Coronary artery ectasia is definedas a segment of coronary artery that is 1.5 times more dilated in diameter than the nearbysegments. Its clinical presentations are unstable angina, coronary vasospasm, and acutemyocardial infarction. Objectives: To determine the clinical characteristics, presentation andtreatment in patients with documented coronary artery ectasia in a single Cardiac Centreat Faisalabad City Pakistan. Study Design: Retrospective descriptive study. Materials andMethods: This was a single center retrospective, descriptive study. Patients of either genderwith age 21-70 years who had coronary angiography at Faisalabad Institute of CardiologyFaisalabad were included in the study. Coronary angiograms performed from April 2013 toDecember 2016 were reviewed. Patients fulfilling inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled.Clinical and angiographic profiles of the patients having coronary ectasia were retrievedfrom hospital record. Clinical profile included: age, gender and cardiovascular risk factors.Angiographic profile; prevalence of coronary ectasia, type of ectasia, associated obstructivedisease and coronary vessel involved were noted. Results: Total 22235 patients under wentcoronary angiography from April 2013 to December 2016 at Faisalabad Institute of CardiologyFaisalabad. Out of 22235, 16913(76%) were male and 5322(24%) were female. Coronary arteryectasia (CAE) was observed in 1044(4.7%). Out of 1044, 931(89%) were male and 113(10.9%)were female patients. Mean age of study population was 49.5 ± 11.8 years. 368(31.97%) patientswith CAE were in age group of 51-60 years followed by age group 41-50 years. 672 (64.36%)were hypertensive, 433 (41.7%) were diabetics, smoker were 574(54.98%). 442(42.33%)patients presented with ST elevation MI. 750 (71.84%) patient had mild Ectasia, 155 (34.87%)were suffering from severe coronary Ectasia. 364 (34.87%) patients had associated obstructivecoronary artery disease. LAD was most commonly involved vessel in 392 (37.50%) followed byright coronary artery in 323 (30.94%). Type I ectasia was documented in 34.92%. Conclusions:In our study prevalence of CAE was 4.7%. CAE was more common in male, hypertensive,smokers and patients with Hyperlipedemia. Most common pattern of CAE was Type I andisolated ectasia without coronary artery obstruction. Left anterior descending artery was themost commonly involved vessel in ectasia followed by RCA.

scholarly journals CLINICAL FEATURES OF PATIENTS WITH CORONARY ARTERY ECTASIA COMPARED WITH STENOTIC CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (Suppl-4) ◽  
pp. S678-84
Author(s):  
Aatika Habib ◽  
Shaheer Farhan ◽  
Hafsa Khalil ◽  
Muhammad Kamran Akbar ◽  
Naseer Ahmad Samore ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Coronary Artery Ectasia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
St Elevation ◽  
Artery Disease

Objective: To study the prevalence of coronary artery ectasia in the population of patients referred for coronary angiography. To describe clinical characteristics of patients with coronary artery ectasia, analyzing presentation and cardiovascular risk. To compare clinical and angiographic variables in patients with and without coronary artery ectasia. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: Adult cardiology department in Armed Forces Institute of Cardiology/NIHD, Rawalpindi, 6 months duration after approval of synopsis i.e. Oct 2018 to May 2019. Methodology: After meeting the inclusion criteria 300 patients were enrolled. Patients admitted in AFIC/NIHD with chest pain, ST-elevation MI, Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction and unstable angina were enrolled. Coronary angiogram was done by cardiologist. Two distinct cardiologists or resident cardiologists reported the angiograms including the coronary artery anatomy and the presence of ectatic segments or any stenotic lesions in each vessel. All the collected data was entered and analyzed on SPSS version 23. Results: The mean patients was 58.23 ± 11.73 years. The male to female ratio was 14:1. Coronary artery ectasia was detected in 53 (17.7%) patients of coronary angiography. Stenotic coronary artery disease was detected more commonly in patients having factors like diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia but specifically among smokers, ectatic segments were detected higher. Conclusion: Compared to coronary artery disease, coronary ectasia occurred more in smokers and less in diabetes.

Coronary Artery Disease Screening Using CT Coronary Angiography

2020 ◽  
Vol 91 (10) ◽  
pp. 812-817
Author(s):  
Randy Wang Long Cheong ◽  
Brian See ◽  
Benjamin Boon Chuan Tan ◽  
Choong Hou Koh
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Cardiac Risk ◽  
Disease Screening ◽  
Ct Coronary Angiography ◽  
Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Cardiac Events ◽  
Artery Disease

BACKGROUND: The increased utility of CT coronary angiography (CTCA) in cardiovascular screenings of aircrew has led to the increased detection of asymptomatic coronary artery disease (CAD). A systematic review of studies relevant to the interpretation of CTCA for the occupational fitness assessment of high-risk vocations was performed, with findings used to describe the development of a pathway for the aeromedical disposition of military aviators with asymptomatic CAD.METHODS: Medline was searched using the terms CT coronary angiogram and screening and prognosis. The inclusion criteria were restricted to study populations ages > 18 yr, were asymptomatic, were not known to have CAD, had undergone CTCA, and with their associations with major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) and other relevant cardiac outcomes reported.RESULTS: Included in this systematic review were 10 studies. When compared to subjects with no or nonobstructive CAD, those with obstructive CAD on CTCA had hazard ratios (HR) for cardiac events ranging from 1.42 to 105.48. Comparing subjects with nonobstructive CAD and those without CAD on CTCA, a lower HR of 1.19 for cardiac events was found. The annual event rates of subjects with no CAD on CTCA were extremely low, ranging from 0 to 0.5%.CONCLUSIONS: Based on the findings, we suggest that CTCA should only be performed in aircrew with higher cardiac risk profiles. Those found to have no CAD or minimal CAD (i.e., 25% stenosis) in a non-left main coronary artery on CTCA can be returned to flying duties. All other results should be further evaluated with an invasive angiogram.Cheong RWL, See B, Tan BBC, Koh CH. Coronary artery disease screening using CT coronary angiography. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2020; 91(10):812817.

scholarly journals Accuracy of MSCT Coronary Angiography with 64 Row CT Scanner—Facing the Facts

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. CMC.S3864 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Wehrschuetz ◽  
E. Wehrschuetz ◽  
H. Schuchlenz ◽  
G. Schaffler
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Angiography ◽  
Positive Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Accuracy ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Coronary Artery Stenoses ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Msct Angiography

Improvements in multislice computed tomography (MSCT) angiography of the coronary vessels have enabled the minimally invasive detection of coronary artery stenoses, while quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) is the accepted reference standard for evaluation thereof. Sixteen-slice MSCT showed promising diagnostic accuracy in detecting coronary artery stenoses haemodynamically and the subsequent introduction of 64-slice scanners promised excellent and fast results for coronary artery studies. This prompted us to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the negative und positive predictive value of 64-slice MSCT in the detection of haemodynamically significant coronary artery stenoses. Thirty-seven consecutive subjects with suspected coronary artery disease were evaluated with MSCT angiography and the results compared with QCA. All vessels were considered for the assessment of significant coronary artery stenosis (diameter reduction ≥ 50%). Thirteen patients (35%) were identified as having significant coronary artery stenoses on QCA with 6.3% (35/555) affected segments. None of the coronary segments were excluded from analysis. Overall sensitivity for classifying stenoses of 64-slice MSCT was 69%, specificity was 92%, positive predictive value was 38% and negative predictive value was 98%. The interobserver variability for detection of significant lesions had a κ-value of 0.43. Sixty-four-slice MSCT offers the diagnostic potential to detect coronary artery disease, to quantify haemodynamically significant coronary artery stenoses and to avoid unnecessary invasive coronary artery examinations.

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