Prevalence of Salmonella enterica in pigs before the start of the Danish Salmonella Control Program (1993/94) and four years later (1998)

Positive identification rates of Salmonella enterica in hatcheries and upstream breeder farms were 16.4% (36/220) and 3.0% (6/200), respectively. Among the Salmonella serovars identified in the hatcheries, S. enterica ser. Albany (17/36, 47.2%) was the most prevalent, followed by the serovars S. enterica ser. Montevideo (11/36, 30.6%) and S. enterica ser. Senftenberg (5/36, 13.9%), which were also predominant. Thirty-six isolates showed resistance to at least one antimicrobial tested, of which 52.8% (n = 19) were multidrug resistant (MDR). Thirty-three isolates (enrofloxacin, MIC ≥ 0.25) showed point mutations in the gyrA and parC genes. One isolate, S. enterica ser. Virchow, carrying the blaCTX-M-15 gene from the breeder farm was ceftiofur resistant. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) showed that 52.0% S. enterica ser. Montevideo and 29.6% S. enterica ser. Albany isolates sourced from the downstream of hatcheries along the broiler chicken supply chain carried the same PFGE types as those of the hatcheries. Thus, the hatcheries showed a high prevalence of Salmonella isolates with high antimicrobial resistance and no susceptible isolate. The AMR isolates from hatcheries originating from breeder farms could disseminate to the final retail market along the broiler chicken supply chain. The emergence of AMR Salmonella in hatcheries may be due to the horizontal spread of resistant isolates. Therefore, Salmonella control in hatcheries, particularly its horizontal transmission, is important.

Download Full-text

The Swedish Salmonella Control Program with Special Reference to Pig Meat Production

10.31274/safepork-180809-163 ◽

1996 ◽

Author(s):

H. Wahlstrom ◽

P. Haggblom ◽

H. Lindqvist

Keyword(s):

Special Reference ◽

Control Program ◽

Meat Production ◽

Pig Meat ◽

Salmonella Control

Download Full-text

Infection cycle of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis in latent carrier mice 1The work was carried out at the Microbial Biotechnology Laboratory of Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilhéus, Bahia State, Brazil.

Canadian Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.1139/cjm-2012-0375 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 58 (12) ◽

pp. 1389-1395 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bianca Mendes Maciel ◽

Nammalwar Sriranganathan ◽

Carla Cristina Romano ◽

Thalis Ferreira dos Santos ◽

João Carlos Teixeira Dias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salmonella Enterica ◽

Latent Infection ◽

Clinical Symptoms ◽

High Dose ◽

Salmonella Enterica Serovar Enteritidis ◽

Host Pathogen Interaction ◽

Microbial Biotechnology ◽

Latent Carrier ◽

Salmonella Control ◽

Carrier Animal

This work reports the distribution of an oral dose of Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) in C57Bl/6-Bcgr mice, to study its pathogenesis in a latent carrier animal. Mice orally inoculated with a high dose of SE developed a latent infection characterized by the absence of clinical symptoms in which the cecum is functioning as a “strategic site” of SE proliferation, releasing bacteria into feces intermittently over the 4-week study. A sequence of disruptions occurred in the small intestine at 1 day postinculation (PI). The microvilli exhibited different degrees of degeneration, which were reversible as the cells became vacuolated. From 2 days PI, SE was detected in the mononuclear phagocytic system, and an exponential growth of the remaining bacteria in tissues was observed until 4 days PI. The production of interferon gamma from 3 days PI is restricting the SE growth, and a plateau phase was observed from 4 to 15 days PI. A recurrence of the bacterial growth in tissue occurred from 15 to 28 days PI, especially in the cecum. Increasing our knowledge about the host–pathogen interaction of adapted pathogens with the ability to develop latency is essential for the development of an efficient strategy for Salmonella control.

Download Full-text

Automated mineral analysis in TASK8

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100134661 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (2) ◽

pp. 212-213

Author(s):

William F. Chambers ◽

Arthur A. Chodos ◽

Roland C. Hagan

Keyword(s):

National Laboratory ◽

Control Program ◽

Mineral Analysis ◽

Alamos National Laboratory ◽

Mineral Phase ◽

Los Alamos National Laboratory ◽

California Institute Of Technology ◽

Mineral Phases ◽

Letter Code ◽

Institute Of Technology

TASK8 was designed as an electron microprobe control program with maximum flexibility and versatility, lending itself to a wide variety of applications. While using TASKS in the microprobe laboratory of the Los Alamos National Laboratory, we decided to incorporate the capability of using subroutines which perform specific end-member calculations for nearly any type of mineral phase that might be analyzed in the laboratory. This procedure minimizes the need for post-processing of the data to perform such calculations as element ratios or end-member or formula proportions. It also allows real time assessment of each data point.The use of unique “mineral codes” to specify the list of elements to be measured and the type of calculation to perform on the results was first used in the microprobe laboratory at the California Institute of Technology to optimize the analysis of mineral phases. This approach was used to create a series of subroutines in TASK8 which are called by a three letter code.

Download Full-text