Cool Materials and the Heat Island Effect: a bibliometric analysis

A current problem triggered by anthropological factors that many cities in the world face is the increase in temperature in urban centres caused by urban heat islands. There is a constant proposal for measures to reduce these effects, which can be harmful to the health and well-being of the population. The purpose of this work is to carry out a bibliometric mapping to analyse the published documents on cool materials regarding the mitigation effects of heat islands and to understand their origin and possible reasons that led to the study of this theme. From the SCOPUS database, searching for “Cool Material AND (Albedo OR Reflectance) AND Heat Island”, the scientific documents (engineering area) published between 1995 and 2021 were selected and analysed: the types of documents, their origin, the year of publication, the main authors and the journals in which they were published. Energy and Buildings and Building and Environment were the two main journals on the subject. 1995 had the first article published and coincided with the year of the first Conference of the Parties (COP1), on climate change. Through a bibliometric survey, it is possible to understand the importance of the beginning of this line of research and that climatic events can trigger interest and bring the scientific view to a certain area. However, because it is a single-base study, the research, despite bringing good information, still needs constant updates.

Maximizing Condensate Recovery With Proven Cost Simulation for a Giant UAE Field: Base Study to Estimate Productivity between Horizontal and Vertical Wells

Implementing the horizontalization scheme was developed for number of wells in order to increase the Gas and Condensate production, which will achieve sustainable and profitable Gas Supply. It worth to highlight that most of these wells are being subjected to N2 and lean gas breakthroughs. By adopting a comparison methodology, the horizontal wells showed better performance in terms of HC production and CGR performance. The number of breakthrough in horizontal wells is less or delayed in term of time. High production demand was promoting this project to take place, where the current situation was not supporting due to N2 and lean gas breakthrough, which is affecting the quality of the gas sales. It was challenging to balance between high production demand, N2, and lean gas breakthrough. Initially, optimizing the production allowable was considered to maximize the production from high CGR wells and minimize the production from low CGR wells. The sidetrack scheme is important to penetrate the un-swept area and to maintain the geometry/distances between wells to prevent early breakthrough and minimize the interference. All results from surveillance and hydrodynamic simulation were integrated for final field assessment impact. This work has resulted in positive expected outcome with few millions additional condensate recovery and extended gas production plateau. According the outcomes analysis the implementation plan was designed.

Root Cause Analysis of Project Delay in BGC-TEG Project

PT WEI is a company that the main business as fabricator contractor for oil and gas and renewable energy industry located at Batam, Indonesia, they have operate for more than 15 years. The company produce types of facilities such as Process Packages module, FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading) Topside Modules, E-house module and Sub-Station packages for client from all over world. The problem on this research is the delivery delay issue during execution of the BGC-TEG project. the project that have scope of EPC (Engineering Procurement and Construction) contract for delivery process module include mechanical equipment, piping and accessories for client at middle east, the delivery project delay is 21 months from original contract 11 months. The research to determine main factor that contribute to the delay by quantitative method, to gain information and identify alternative for improvement action. The primary data gathered from interview with some person in charge team member of the project. The secondary data gain from internal company document, project record and report, and project repository data base. Study literature of some similar case of project delay from various papers and articles reviewed. Fishbone diagram as analysis method with framework based on PMBOK by Project Management Institute to gain the root cause factors and propose solution alternative action to prevent same issue happen on future.

Oxidation Characteristics of Water Soluble Fractions of Agro-Stalks with Focus on Function of Reactive Inorganics

In order to deepen the understanding of the thermochemical behavior of reactive inorganics, which play an important role in slagging and fouling during combustion of agro-stalks, the oxidation behavior of the water-soluble fraction of corn stover, wheat straw and rice straw was examined using a simultaneous thermogravimetric analyzer. The oxidation characteristics were discussed in combination with elemental analysis of water-soluble fractions. Results showed that reactive inorganics elements account for 30–40% in water-soluble fractions of the three agro-stalks and carbon was oxidized at two separate stages. Four stages were found during oxidation of water-soluble fractions – (1) devolatilisation of organics (100‒400 °C); (2) oxidation of char (400–650 °C); (3) oxidation of char with melting of salts or decomposition of carbonate (650–800 °C); (4) vaporization of KCl (800–1000 °C). This work provides a base study for an optimized design of combustion for agro-stalks and pharmaceutical waste.

The three Eras of the NBA regular seasons: Historical trend and success factors

The NBA (National Basketball Association) is going through a transition process in its way of practice, planning, and comprehension of the game. With the exponential growth of the data that has been collected, detailed statistical analyses have been conducted for each part of the game. This has been overwhelming exploited in a way never seen before, especially when dealing with the three-point shot. In this paper, we are interested in characterizing NBA’s gameplay over time to identify trends and success factors. In particular, this study aims: (i) to identify which factors were crucial for teams’ regular season success in the past and understand the factors that are more relevant to succeed in the present day; and (ii) to group seasons and regular season winning teams into clusters of common characteristics and gameplay behavior. Historical events and trends help us to understand how teams were successful in past regular seasons, how they played, and how their style of play has changed. Leading to a better comprehension of the game. The game-related statistics of the NBA’s regular seasons, from 1979-80 to 2018-19, were analyzed using principal component analysis, cluster analysis, and LASSO regression. It is possible to identify three main Eras that we define as the Classic Era of the NBA (1980–1994), the Transitional Era of the NBA (1995–2013), and the Modern Era of the NBA (since 2013). As the results of this study make a historic analysis of the NBA, indicating the three eras of NBA regular seasons since the introduction of the three-point line, their playing styles, and their respective factors for success, this present research may be the base study that will help researchers better investigate the NBA, its past, present, and future.

Incidence of hepatitis B and hepatitis C in Pediatric ward in General hospital, Bhopal (M.P)

To determine the incidence of HBV and HCV in pediatric ward in Rajeev Gandhi General Hospital and College, Bhopal. (M.P.) Viral hepatitis caused by HCV and HBV represents a major public health problem in India. These viruses share common modes of transmission, as parenteral route. Hospital base study of pediatric cases admitted to hospital during a period from March 2019 to February 2020. Pediatric cases were studied for the incidence of HBsAg and HCV Ab by ELISA, Rapid technique. The positive result was confirmed with line immuno-assay. The study showed positive HBsAg in 12 patients and HCV in 2 cases out 25 cases represented with acute hepatitis from a total of 1762 pediatric cases were submitted in this study, with incidence rate of 0.68% and 0.11% respectively.: The incidence of HBV and HCV are low, therefore active program need to be applied to control the spread of infection among the population.