Osmotic potential and projected drought tolerance of four phreatophytic shrub species in Owens Valley, California

1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter D. Dileanis ◽  
D.P. Groeneveld
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Owens Valley ◽  
Shrub Species

scholarly journals Responses of Parameters for Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy and Pressure–Volume Curves to Drought Stress in Pinus bungeana Seedlings

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 359
Author(s):  
Ai-Fang Wang ◽  
Bao Di ◽  
Tapani Repo ◽  
Marja Roitto ◽  
Gang Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Drought Stress ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Electrical Impedance ◽  
Electrical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Tree Seedlings ◽  
Intracellular Resistance ◽  
Pinus Bungeana ◽  
Extracellular Resistance

Background and Objectives: Drought occurs more frequently in Northern China with the advent of climate change, which might increase the mortality of tree seedlings after afforestation due to hydraulic failure. Therefore, investigating water relations helps us understand the drought tolerance of tree seedlings. Electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) is widely used to assess the responses of plant tissues to stress factors and may potentially reveal the water relations of cells. The aim of this study is to reveal the relationships between EIS and water related parameters, produced by pressure–volume (PV) curves in lacebark pine (Pinus bungeana Zucc.) seedlings reacting to drought stress. Materials and Methods: Four-year-old pot seedlings were divided into three parts (0, 5, and 10 days of drought) before planting, the treated seedlings were then replanted, and finally exposed to post-planting drought treatments with the following soil relative water contents: (i) adequate irrigation (75%–80%), (ii) light drought (55%–60%), (iii) moderate drought (35%–40%), and (iv), severe drought (15%–20%). During the post-planting growth phase, the EIS parameters of needles and shoots, and the parameters of PV curves, were measured coincidently; thus, the correlations between them could be obtained. Results: The extracellular resistance (re) of needles and shoots were substantially reduced after four weeks of severe post-planting drought stress. Meanwhile, the osmotic potential at the turgor-loss point (ψtlp) and the saturation water osmotic potential (ψsat) of shoots decreased after drought stress, indicating an osmotic adjustment in acclimating to drought. The highest correlations were found between the intracellular resistance (ri) of the shoots and ψtlp and ψsat. Conclusions: EIS parameters can be used as a measure of drought tolerance. The change in intracellular resistance is related to the osmotic potential of the cell and cell wall elasticity. Extracellular resistance is a parameter that shows cell membrane damage in response to drought stress in lacebark pine seedlings.

Osmotic potential at full turgor: an easily measurable trait to help breeders select for drought tolerance in wheat

2016 ◽  
Vol 135 (3) ◽  
pp. 279-285 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle B. Mart ◽  
Erik J. Veneklaas ◽  
Helen Bramley
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Osmotic Potential

Specific leaf metabolic changes that underlie adjustment of osmotic potential in response to drought by four Quercus species

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismael Aranda ◽  
Estrella Cadahía ◽  
Brígida Fernández de Simón
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Osmotic Adjustment ◽  
Osmotic Potential ◽  
Quinic Acid ◽  
Molecular Processes ◽  
Leaf Habit ◽  
Leaf Osmotic Potential ◽  
Quercus Species ◽  
Metabolic Basis ◽  
Watering Treatment

Abstract Osmotic adjustment is almost ubiquitous as a mechanism of response to drought in many forest species. Recognized as an important mechanism of increasing turgor under water stress, the metabolic basis for osmotic adjustment has been described in only a few species. We established an experiment with four species of the genus Quercus ranked according to drought tolerance and leaf habit from evergreen to broad-leaved deciduous. A cycle of watering deprivation was imposed on seedlings, resulting in well-watered (WW) and water-stressed (WS) treatments, and their water relations were assessed from pressure-volume (P-V) curves. Leaf predawn water potential (Ψpd) significantly decreased in WS seedlings which was followed by a drop in leaf osmotic potential at full turgor (Ψπ100). The lowest values of Ψπ100 followed the ranking of decreasing drought tolerance: Q. ilex < Q. faginea < Q. pyrenaica < Q. petraea. The leaf osmotic potential at the turgor loss point (ΨTLP) followed the same pattern as Ψπ100 across species and treatments. The pool of carbohydrates, some organic acids, and cyclitols were the main osmolytes explaining osmotic potential across species, likewise to the osmotic adjustment assessed from the decrease in leaf Ψπ100 between WW and WS seedlings. Amino-acids were very responsive to WS, particularly γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in Q. pyrenaica, but made a relatively minor contribution to osmotic potential compared with other groups of compounds. In contrast, the cyclitol proto-quercitol made a prominent contribution to the changes in osmotic potential regardless of watering treatment or species. However, different metabolites such as quinic acid, played a more important role in osmotic adjustment in Q. ilex, distinguishing it from the other species studied. In conclusion, while osmotic adjustment was present in all four Quercus species, the molecular processes underpinning this response differed according to their phylogenetic history and specific ecology.

scholarly journals Leaf Traits of Drought Tolerance for 37 Shrub Species Originating from a Moisture Gradient

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1626
Author(s):  
Gui-Qing Xu ◽  
Stefan K. Arndt ◽  
Claire Farrell
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Common Garden ◽  
Leaf Traits ◽  
Moisture Gradient ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Open Question ◽  
Osmotic Potentials

Identifying the drought-tolerance traits of plant species originating from a moisture gradient will increase our understanding of the differences and similarities in plant drought tolerance. However, which traits can be used to evaluate drought tolerance remain an open question. Here, we conducted a common-garden experiment on 37 shrub species originating from desert to humid regions. The correlations between plant traits and the native environmental conditions were studied. Leaf sizes and Huber values were significantly correlated with most climate variables of the shrubs’ origins. The osmotic potentials at full turgor (π100), turgor loss point (ΨTLP), and midday leaf water potential (Ψmid) were significantly correlated with most climate variables of their origins. We proposed using leaf sizes, Huber values, and ΨTLP as predictors of drought tolerance across shrub species and shrub biomes. Statistically significant correlations were found between π100, ΨTLP, and specific leaf area (SLA). However, owing to the weak correlations between SLA and the climate variables of the shrubs origins and between Huber values and leaf size and turgor loss traits, it was difficult to integrate leaf morphological traits with physiological traits to find a simple way to accurately quantify drought-tolerance-related differences among these shrub species.

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