A Warrior Shielding A Discussion of Free Will against The Enslaved Will by Martin Luther, book one / Hyperaspistes liber unus

Controversies ◽  
1998 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Author(s):  
Aku Visala ◽  
Olli-Pekka Vainio

SummaryIn this article, we will use contemporary analytic tools to make sense of the main arguments in the classic debate on free will between Erasmus of Rotterdam and the Reformer Martin Luther. Instead of offering another exegesis of these texts, we put forward an analysis that links this historical debate with contemporary discussions on free will and grace in philosophical theology. We argue that the debate was ultimately about how three theological core claims are related to one another: the Anti-Pelagian Constraint (humans are incapable of willing any good, in order to come to faith), the Responsibility Principle (humans are morally responsible in the eyes of God) and human free will. Erasmus attacks Luther by arguing that the Responsibility Principle cannot be maintained without free will, while Luther responds by arguing that Erasmus must reject free will, because it is in conflict with the Anti-Pelagian Constraint. Luther is then left with the dilemma of justifying the Responsibility Principle without free will – a task, which in our estimation, fails. In the concluding section of the article, we point out some continuities and discontinuities between the contemporary debate and that of Luther and Erasmus.


2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 358-382
Author(s):  
Andrea Vestrucci
Keyword(s):  

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (4) ◽  
pp. 282-299
Author(s):  
Peter Olsen

Martin Luther and early Lutheran tradition claimed that God wills both life and death. There is, however, an asymmetry between God’s will for life and God’s will for death. The article explores how this asymmetry has been handled in different ways within the early Lutheran tradition. Also, the Formula of Concord (1577) understood divine predestination to be the cause of human faith. Later Lutheran Orthodoxy understood human faith to be the reason for divine predestination. In the 1880’s these two positions gave rise to a controversy among North American Lutherans. Their main arguments are reproduced.Martin Luther himself believed that everything happened by necessity, but he understood this to be compatible with a distinct version of a free will. In modern philosophical parlance, Luther was a compatibilist. In this, later Lutheran Orthodoxy did not follow the reformer. It moved towards synergism.


Author(s):  
Omar Jerónimo Prieto Ruiz

Solemos asociar la obra de Martín Lutero con la Reforma Protestante, y esta, a su vez, con el inicio de la modernidad europea. Aunque existen distintos elementos que permiten el tránsito entre un fenómeno y otro, la relación no deja de ser problemática. El interés fundamental de Lutero es el problema de la salvación, que implica, para él, una crítica a la noción tradicional de libre albedrío. Se pretende mostrar las características del cambio teológico introducido por Lutero, y la estrecha relación de su obra con su personalidad. La modernidad, que se pretende secular, debe mucho a esa discusión religiosa.           Palabras Clave: Pecado, salvación, libre albedrío, fe, justicia, Dios.      *******************************************************************************The Protestant Reformation in first person:Luther and the problem of human freedomAbstract:We usually associate the work of Martin Luther with the Protestant Reformation, and this, in turn, with the beginning of European modernity. Although there are different elements that allow the transit between one phenomenon and another, the relationship is still problematic. Luther's fundamental interest is the problem of salvation, which implies, for him, a critique of the traditional notion of free will. It is intended to show the characteristics of the theological change introduced by Luther, and the close relationship of his work with his personality. Modernity, which is meant to be secular, owes much to this religious discussion.  Keywords: Sin, salvation, free will, faith, justice, God. *******************************************************************************A Reforma em primeira pessoa:Lutero e o problema da liberdade humanaResumoAssocia-se a obra de Martin Lutero com a Reforma Protestante e esta com o inicio da modernidade europeia. Embora existam elementos que permitem o trânsito entre um fenômeno e outro, a relação não deixa de ser problemática. O interesse fundamental de Lutero é a salvação, que implica uma crítica à noção tradicional de libre arbítrio. Este artigo pretende mostrar as características da mudança teológica introduzida por Lutero, mesmo como a relação estreita da obra e a personalidade dele. A modernidade, supostamente secular, esta na dívida com esta questão religiosa.Palavras chave: pecado, salvação, fé, justiça, Deus, livre arbítrio.


2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Svetlana Vasileva

The article deals with the main Reformation ideas of Martin Luther that later influenced the building and formation of the fundamental humanitarian values in Europe and further on in the whole world. The main of them are freedom, justice, autonomy, fairness and responsibility, as well as the value foundations of personal identification, which are closely connected with the problem of free will and choice. They were forged in the process of shaping principles of a new faith by Martin Luther, whereon the new Protestant Church was built with its new ethic dissolving all life spheres of its adepts and building a new type of European rationality. Luther is considered a personality that embodies a significant era in the development of Europe: he did not only demonstrate with his own example what the real faith meant, he set a new direction for the development of society based on the new principles of the Protestant Church. The author of the article analyzes social and geopolitical circumstances under which Luther the Great Reformer lived and formed a new Protestant theology.


PADUA ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefanie Andreas ◽  
Madlen Baumgarten ◽  
Claudia Ringelhan ◽  
Gertrud Ayerle
Keyword(s):  

Zusammenfassung. Im Rahmen eines studentischen Forschungsprojektes an der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle/Wittenberg stellen sich die Autorinnen die Frage, wie sich die Bewerberauswahl an Pflegeschulen vor dem Hintergrund des Mangels geeigneter Bewerber/innen gestaltet und welche Auswirkungen dies auf die Ausbildung hat. Die Ergebnisse der Experteninterviews zeigten, dass die Bewerberlage für die Ausbildung der Gesundheits- und Krankenpfleger/innen vor allem in qualitativer Hinsicht ernst erscheint.


PADUA ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 347-353
Author(s):  
Doreen Krug

Zusammenfassung. Interprofessionelle Kooperation ist ein wesentlicher Baustein der künftigen professionellen Versorgung von Pflegebedürftigen und Patienten. In der beruflichen Praxis zeigt sich, dass die Gesundheitsberufe wenig voneinander wissen. Anhand der Entwicklung eines Konzeptes der Medizinischen Fakultät der Martin-Luther-Universität Halle / Saale zur Schaffung und Umsetzung interprofessioneller Ausbildungssequenzen soll der Frage nach der Bereitschaft zum interprofessionellen Lernen in den einzelnen Gesundheitsfachberufen nachgegangen werden.


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