Artful Dodgers: Youth and Crime in Early Nineteenth-Century London, by Heather ShoreArtful Dodgers: Youth and Crime in Early Nineteenth-Century London, by Heather Shore. Royal Historical Studies in History Series. Woodbridge, Suffolk and London, Boydell and Brewer and the Royal Historical Society, 1999. xiii, 193 pp. $55.00 US (cloth), $29.95 US (paper).

Two early nineteenth century texts treating the production and use of wax models of fruit reveal the history of these objects in the context of courtly decoration. Both sources emphasise the models' decorative qualities and their suitability for display, properties which were not simply by-products of the realism that the use of wax allowed. Thus, such models were not regarded merely as visual aids for educational purposes. The artists who created them sought to entice collectors of art and natural history objects, as well as teachers and scientists. Wax models of fruits are known to have been collected and displayed as early as the seventeenth century, although only one such collection is extant. Before the early nineteenth century models of fruits made from wax or other materials (glass, marble, faience) were considered worthy of display because contemporaries attached great importance to mastery of the cultivation and grafting of fruit trees. This skill could only be demonstrated by actually showing the fruits themselves. Therefore, wax models made before the early nineteenth century may also be regarded as attempts to preserve natural products beyond the point of decay.

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The development of natural history in early nineteenth century Ireland

Archives of Natural History ◽

10.3366/anh.1985.003 ◽

1985 ◽

Vol 1985 (1) ◽

pp. 13-27 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Helena C. G. Ross ◽

Robert Nash

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Natural History ◽

Early Nineteenth Century

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Disease and Civilization: A Scottish Atlantic Network of Physicians in the Enlightenment

Britain and the World ◽

10.3366/brw.2017.0275 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 197-216

Author(s):

Sarah Irving-Stonebraker

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Native Americans ◽

Early Nineteenth Century ◽

The Enlightenment ◽

Historical Progress ◽

Practice Of Medicine ◽

Benjamin Rush ◽

American Physician ◽

The Relationship ◽

A Current

Through an examination of the extensive papers, manuscripts and correspondence of American physician Benjamin Rush and his friends, this article argues that it is possible to map a network of Scottish-trained physicians in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth-century Atlantic world. These physicians, whose members included Benjamin Rush, John Redman, John Morgan, Adam Kuhn, and others, not only brought the Edinburgh model for medical pedagogy across the Atlantic, but also disseminated Scottish stadial theories of development, which they applied to their study of the natural history and medical practices of Native Americans and slaves. In doing so, these physicians developed theories about the relationship between civilization, historical progress and the practice of medicine. Exploring this network deepens our understanding of the transnational intellectual geography of the eighteenth and early nineteenth century British World. This article develops, in relation to Scotland, a current strand of scholarship that maps the colonial and global contexts of Enlightenment thought.

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