Improved Truck Model for Roadside Safety Simulations: Part II—Suspension Modeling

2002 ◽  
Vol 1797 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Tiso ◽  
Chuck Plaxico ◽  
Malcolm Ray
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Vehicle Suspension ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Test Vehicle ◽  
Roadside Safety ◽  
Pickup Truck ◽  
Safety Research ◽  
Roadside Hardware

The 2000-kg pickup truck is a very important vehicle in roadside safety research because it is specified in many of the tests in NCHRP Report 350. The characteristics of the pickup truck make it a very demanding crash test vehicle. Because the 2000-kg pickup truck is an important crash test vehicle, it was the very first vehicle chosen for development of a finite element model. The nonlinear finite element program LS-DYNA has become an important feature of roadside hardware design and analysis in recent years, and much of the success of these modeling efforts is partly caused by the availability of a good 2000-kg pickup truck model. Like all models, the model has evolved over the past decade. New features and improvements have been added continuously to the model by many different teams to solve specific analysis problems. One particular area where there has been a great deal of activity is in the area of modeling the suspension properties of the vehicle. Suspension response is particularly important for 2000-kg pickup truck impacts because the vehicle often experiences stability problems in impacts with roadside hardware. A number of improvements and modifications to Version 9 of the NCAC 2000-kg pickup truck model are summarized. These improvements involved changing the finite element model, changing element properties, and obtaining suspension response properties from physical tests. The 2000-kg truck model was then validated against a series of low-speed, live-drive tests with an instrumented pickup truck. The improved model provides more realistic vehicle suspension response than earlier models and should prove to be a valuable addition to future finite element modeling activities.

Design and Validation of a 30,000 kg Heavy Goods Vehicle Using LS-DYNA

2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali O. Atahan ◽  
Guido Bonin ◽  
Mustafa El-Gindy
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Roadside Safety ◽  
Software Technology ◽  
Crash Testing ◽  
Steering Mechanism ◽  
Technology Corporation ◽  
Crash Tests

Extraordinary developments in virtual crash testing research have been achieved during the past decade. Advancements in hardware and software technology along with improvements in computation mechanics and increased number of full-scale crash tests contributed positively to the development of more realistic finite element models. Use of complex finite element codes based on computational mechanics principles allowed the virtual reproduction of real world problems. Regarding roadside safety, the design phase was, until now, based on the use of simplified analysis, unable to describe accurately the complexity of vehicle impacts against safety hardware. Modeling details, such as geometry, constitutive laws of the materials, rigid, kinematic and other links between bodies, definition and characterization of contact surfaces are necessary to build an accurate finite element model for an impact problem. This set of information is needed for each different body involved in the event; making the development of a complete model very much demanding. Once a part (subset) of the entire model has been accurately validated against real experimental data, it can be used again and again in other analogous models. In this paper, finite element model of a unique Heavy Goods Vehicle (HGV) was developed and partially validated using actual crash test data. Development of this particular vehicle model was important since this vehicle is extensively used in Europe to test the structural adequacy of high containment level (H4a) safety barriers according to EN 1317 standard. The HGV model studied reproduces a FIAT-IVECO F180 truck, a vehicle with 4 axles and a mass of 30,000 kg when fully loaded. The model consisted of 12,337 elements and 11,470 nodes and was built for and is ready to use with LS-DYNA finite element code from Livermore Software Technology Corporation. Results of the validation study suggest that the developed HGV model shows promise and can be used in further studies with confidence. Improvements such as, steering mechanism in front axes and suspension system is currently underway to make model more realistic.

Improved Truck Model for Roadside Safety Simulations: Part I—Structural Modeling

2002 ◽  
Vol 1797 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
John D. Reid ◽  
Dhafer Marzougui
Keyword(s):  
Element Model ◽  
Free Edge ◽  
Realistic Model ◽  
Worcester Polytechnic Institute ◽  
Roadside Safety ◽  
Pickup Truck ◽  
Mesh Density ◽  
University Of Nebraska Lincoln ◽  
Improved Model ◽  
Roadside Hardware

Computer simulation is now a mainstream tool for design and analysis of roadside hardware. For the past several years, researchers at the National Crash Analysis Center, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, and the University of Nebraska–Lincoln have been improving various features of a 2000-kg pickup truck model, the most widely used vehicle model for roadside safety simulation. Many modeling techniques have been learned, and an improved model has been developed that should aid analysts at other locations who are performing similar simulations. The various effects and difficulties of “reducing” a finite element model to decrease computational costs are examined, including the elimination of initial penetrations, free-edge tangling, snagging, and “shooting nodes.” The elective refinement of mesh density, the elimination of manipulated material densities to achieve desired masses, the improvement of connections between components, and the inclusion of all significant parts to improve accuracy are analyzed. The significance of not oversimplifying critical components is emphasized, as well as the importance of realistic model behavior. Evolutionary changes to vehicle models are required as more information is obtained about modeling and truck behavior in roadside safety applications. Different research groups will have different modeling approaches, but by sharing the details of those approaches and by sharing models, the collective capabilities in roadside safety simulation will improve, ultimately resulting in better roadside hardware. The models described are thought to be a tremendous improvement over previous-generation models of the reduced pickup truck.

Modeling of a Rear-End Crash Pulse Generator

2012 ◽  
Vol 630 ◽  
pp. 360-365
Author(s):  
Hai Bin Chen ◽  
Ling Zhang ◽  
Li Ying Zhang ◽  
Xue Mei Cheng ◽  
Zheng Guo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Pulse Generator ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
International Regulation ◽  
Safety Research ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Deceleration Time

The rear-end crash pulse generator has been considered to be a key device for performing car impact safety research under laboratory conditions. According to the international regulation, ECE R44, the polyurethane (PU) tube was recommended to produce a standard rear-end pulse. However, little literatures on the impact dynamics of PU tube were known. In this study, a was established under ANSYS/LS-DYNA. With this finite element model, the following conditions to generate the standard rear-end impact pulses were determined: the initial impact velocity of sled was 30km/h, the resultant mass of sled was 680kg, number of PU-tubes was three, and outer diameter of olive knob was 46mm. Compared with the standard deceleration-time curve of actual rear-end crash, this finite element model of rear-end crash pulse generator was preliminarily validated.

Head–neck finite element model of the crash test dummy THOR

2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Yu ◽  
M B Medri ◽  
Q Zhou ◽  
F P DiMasi ◽  
F A Bandak
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Crash Test Dummy ◽  
Head Neck

scholarly journals Vehicle Side Crash Safety Research based on Dynamics Modeling and Analysis

2014 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 765-769
Author(s):  
Yao-Jun Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Simulation Analysis ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Side Impact ◽  
Dynamics Modeling ◽  
Explicit Finite Element ◽  
Crash Safety ◽  
Safety Research ◽  
Side Crash

The safety of vehicle side impact has become an important research content in the field of automotive passive safety. The nonlinear dynamic explicit finite element method is used to establish the side crashworthiness model of vehicle and side crash finite element model validation is also given. The finite element model is consistent with vehicle side stiffness, which can be used in the side crash simulation analysis. The simulation calculation and result analysis of side crash are carried out for a particular vehicle model to improve the side crash safety performance.

Research on Design of Neotype Wire Rope Safety Barrier

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 4150-4154
Author(s):  
Chen Chen Chen ◽  
Mu Xi Lei ◽  
Zheng Bao Lei ◽  
Yong Han Li ◽  
Xin Chao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Wire Rope ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Safety Barrier ◽  
New Type ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Equivalent Method ◽  
The Finite Element Model

In order to research and develop a suitable wire rope safety barrier for our country, which will be used as the highway flexible safety barrier for two model demonstrative project of science and technology of Changsha-Xiangtan Highway, the paper presents a new type of wire rope safety barrier, by way of designing the shape of the post, the diameter of the rope, the arrangement and the number of ropes etc., on the basis of the form of structure of the most advanced foreign existing wire rope safety barrier — BRIFEN. The first part is devoted to prove the reliability of the finite element simulation, by comparing the simulation results of the finite element model of BRIFEN with the collision test data, which is published by U.S. Federal Highway Administration. After discussion and analysis, the neotype wire rope safety barrier, which has many posts with C-shaped cross section and 5 ropes, is invented with the post equivalent method. The finite element model of the neotype barrier is established and simulated to determine the dimension of the post. The simulation results achieve the design objective that the maximum dynamic deformation is less than 1.2m when the barrier is impacted by the 10 tons of bus in the speed of 60 kilometers per hour, and provide an important reference for Vehicle Crash Test.

Finite Element Model of THOR Dummy Lower Leg

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Zhou ◽  
Hailing Yu ◽  
Marisol B. Medri ◽  
Frank DiMasi
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Finite Element Model ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Axial Direction ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Path Modeling ◽  
Load Path

THOR is a next generation crash test dummy incorporating additional advanced instrumentation and improved biofidelity than the Hybrid III dummy. This paper describes the development and validation of a finite element model of the lower leg assembly of the THOR 50th percentile male. The lower leg assembly has one translational degree-of-freedom in the axial direction along the tibia, and three rotational degrees-of-freedom in the ankle area with respect to its knee joint. It also includes a representation of the Achilles tendon load path. Modeling approaches used to simulate these features are discussed. Material properties of individual deformable components and articulated joints, as well as overall dynamic model performance, are calibrated using results of physical tests that mimic the loading environments experienced by the lower leg and foot in typical vehicle crashes. The model provides a computational tool for studying lower extremity injuries, including that of foot and ankle, which have gained increasing attention in recent years.

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