Sistem Fonem Isolek Kuntu Kabupaten Kampar

This synchronic study describes the phoneme system of the Kuntu isolect, one of the isolects used in Kampar Regency, Riau Province. The data is the informant's speech using the Kuntu isolect related to the prepared vocabulary. Data was collected by recording and interviewing selected informants, using the listening and speaking method, and analyzed using the equivalent method and the basic premise of Pike (1966). Based on the results of the analysis, IKKK has 42 sounds, namely vocoid, contoid, and diphthong sounds. The IKKK phoneme system has 33 phonemes consisting of five vowel phonemes, eighteen consonant phonemes, and ten diphthong phonemes. Kuntu isolect syllables consist of eight patterns, namely V, VK, KV, KD, KVK, KKV, KDK, and KKVK. The diversity of Kuntu isolect diphthong phonemes found in this study is not much different from previous studies. This proves that the Kuntu isolect of Kampar Regency is a Minangkabau dialect even though Kuntu Village is administratively located in the Riau Province. In addition, the customary system used by the people of Kuntu Village (matrilineal) is another proof that Kuntu Village, Kampar Regency has a relationship with Minangkabau

Semantic study of the use of association, ambiguity, and lexical meanings, daily news headlines of Sinar Indonesia Baru Medan

This research was field research taken from the Daily News Sinar Indonesia Baru, Medan. The problems to be discussed were association, ambiguity, and lexical meaning. The purpose of this study was to explore or find out the meanings contained in the Daily News headlines in the Sinar Indonesia Baru Medan. To analyze the meaning of the Daily News headlines of the Sinar Indonesia Baru, a structural-semantic theory was used which referred to Abdul Chaer's view. The method used in data collection was the listening method by listening to the collection of existing materials on the daily news headlines of the Medan Sinar Indonesia Baru, then proceeding with the note-taking technique.After that, they were grouped based on the uses of association, ambiguity, and lexical meanings found in the headlines. The equivalent method was a method whose determination tool was outside and did not become part of the language in question (Sudariyanto, 1993:13). In this case, the basic technique used was the determining element sorting technique. As a continuation, a qualitative description method was used. This means that this qualitative method as a whole makes use of interpretive ways of presenting in the form of a description.

BENTUK KERAGAMAN LEKSIKON FLORA DALAM PENGOBATAN TRADISIONAL MASYARAKAT DAYAK HALONG: KAJIAN EKOLINGUISTIK (Forms of Flora Lexicon Diversity in Traditional Medicine of the Dayak Halong Community: Ecolinguistic Study)

Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan bentuk keragaman leksikon flora dalam pengobatan tradisional masyarakat Dayak Halong. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan data sekunder. Data primer berupa leksikon flora yang digunakan sebagai pengobatan tradisional yang diperoleh dari balian atau tokoh adat. Adapun, data sekunder diperoleh dari sejumlah kajian pustaka yang berkaitan dengan penelitian ini. Dalam penelitian ini dilakukan tiga langkah kerja, yaitu tahap penyediaan data, tahap analisis data, dan tahap penyajian hasil analisis data. Penyediaan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode simak, dengan teknik rekam, catat, dan wawancara. Penganalisisan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode padan. Penyajian hasil analisis data menggunakan metode penyajian informal. Dari hasil analisis ditemukan 40 leksikon flora dan 6 bentuk keragaman flora dalam pengobatan tradisional masyarakat Dayak Halong. Bentuk leksikon yang ditemukan, yaitu (1) leksikon yang berwujud kata yang terdiri atas leksikon yang berwujud kata dasar dan leksikon yang berwujud kata ulang; (2) leksikon yang berwujud frase. Dalam kategori linguistik, keempat puluh leksikon flora tersebut tergolong bermakna bernyawa dan dapat diklasifikasikan berdasarkan bentuk dasar, bentuk turunan, dan bentuk ulang. Dalam kategori ekologi keempat puluh leksikon flora itu termasuk tumbuhan biotik. Bentuk keragaman flora yang ditemukan berbentuk habitus (1) pohon, (2) parasit, (3) rumput, (4) perdu, (5) liana, dan (6) semak. Bentuk keragaman leksikon flora tersebut termasuk dalam lingkungan ragawi dan lingkungan sosial yang terkait dengan lingkungan geografis, yakni lingkungan tempat masyarakat Dayak Halong memanfaatkan flora untuk pengobatan tradisional. Pemanfaatan flora tersebut menggunakan bagian akar, umbi, daun, pucuk daun, batang, bunga, buah, dan biji tumbuhan. Cara penggunaannya adalah dengan cara direbus, direndam, diusapkan, dikompreskan, ditempelkan, dioleskan pada bagian yang sakit, serta diseduh langsung. This study aims to describe the diversity of flora lexicon in traditional medicine of the Dayak Halong community. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. This study uses primary data and secondary data. Primary data in the form of flora lexicon used as traditional medicine obtained from balian or traditional leaders. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained from a number of literature studies related to this research. In this study, three work steps were carried out, namely: the stage of providing data, the stage of data analysis, and the stage of presenting the results of data analysis. The provision of data in this study used the listening method, with recording, note taking, and interviewing techniques. Data analysis was carried out using the equivalent method. Presentation of the results of data analysis using the method of informal presentation. From the results of the analysis found 40 flora lexicon and 6 forms of flora diversity in traditional medicine of the Dayak Halong community. The forms of lexicon found are (1) lexicon in the form of word consisting of lexicon in the form of basic words and lexicon in the form of repeated words; (2) lexicon in the form of phrases. In the linguistic category, the forty flora lexicons are classified as animate and can be classified based on basic forms, derived forms, and re-forms. In the forty ecological categories of the flora lexicon, it includes biotic plants. The forms of flora diversity found were in the form of habitus (1) trees, (2) parasites, (3) grass, (4) clumps, (5) lianas, and (6) shrubs. The forms of diversity in the flora lexicon are included in the physical environment and social environment related to the geographical environment, namely the environment were the Dayak Halong community uses flora for traditional medicine. Utilization of the flora uses the roots, tubers, leaves, leaf shoots, stems, flowers, fruits, and seed of plants. How to use it is by boiling, soaking, rubbing, compressing, affixed, smeared on the sick, and brewed directly.

Impoliteness Manoeuvres and Its Motives in Indonesia Lawyers Club Talk Show

The use of impolite language is often found in various areas of conversation, both formal and informal conversations. Being polite is different from speaking rudely. Impoliteness is often expressed with harsh words. Impoliteness can be expressed even with a sentence of praise. The Indonesia Lawyers Club talk show is a television program that presents formal discussions on political and government issues in Indonesia. This study focuses on the reasons for using impoliteness that occurs in the dialogue on the Indonesia Lawyers Club talk show. This research is a qualitative descriptive study using a pragmatic approach. The data in this study are in the form of dialogues that contain impoliteness. The source of this research data is taken from the talk show Indonesia Lawyers Club. The data analyzed in this study are in the form of natural oral data. The data analysis method used is the referential equivalent method. The presentation of data analysis used is informal presentation techniques. The results of this study indicate the discovery of 4 impoliteness strategies and 3 reasons for using impoliteness. The 4 strategies are bald on record, positive impoliteness, negative impoliteness, and mock politeness. The reasons for using impoliteness in the Indonesia Lawyers Club talk show include the feeling that their opinion is the most correct, wanting to embarrass the speech partner and the speaker's personal interests.

TINDAK TUTUR ILOKUSI PADA NOVEL ZAINY BARAKAT KARYA GAMAL AL GHITANI (KAJIAN PRAGMATIK)

The objectives of this research are; (1) Identifying the form of illocutionary speech acts found in Gamal Al Ghitani's Zainy Barakat novel; (2) Determine the pragmatic function of illocutionary speech acts contained in the novel Zainy Barakat by Jamal Al Ghitani.This research is a qualitative research, the research design is in the form of a literature study (study research), the data collection technique is a note-taking technique, the research instrument uses data cards and data recapitulation sheets, while the data analysis method uses the extralingual equivalent method. In this study research, 155 speech acts were found which were divided into 5 forms of illocutionary speech acts and 4 speech act functions. Based on the analysis of the utterances, it can be detailed as follows; 43 forms of assertive illocutionary speech, 61 forms of directive illocutionary speech, 11 forms of speech illocutionary commissive, 38 forms of expressive illocutionary speech, and 2 forms of declarative illocutionary speech. Of the five forms of illocutionary speech, directive speech is the most common, and the form of declarative speech is the least used. Pragmatic functions are classified into four kinds of functions, namely competitive, conventional, collaborative and conflictual. In the novel Zayni Barakat found four kinds of functions which are detailed as follows: 58 competitive functions, 28 conventional functions, 47 ​​collaborative functions and 22 conflictive functions. From these data, the most pragmatic function found is the competitive function, and the least is the conflictive function.

Equivalent Method Development and Cross Validation of Pharmacopoeial Method of Montelukast Sodium

The purpose of this exploration research work article is to develop equivalent method and evaluate its equivalency (Cross validation) against pharmacopoeial method of Montelukast sodium for the evaluation and assessment of process related impurities i.e. Methyl MLK impurity in Montelukast sodium by HPLC method and its principles. The method mentioned in European Pharmacopoeia (EP) and United States Pharmacopoeia (USP) does not sufficiently separates impurity C and impurity D , as these impurities elutes under the main peak and the pharmacopoeial methods were also not able to detect the Methyl MLK impurity which is not listed in USP monograph. So our prime design of experiment is to develop of new high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method which eliminates the drawback of two pharmacopoeial methods and this proposed created strategy is fit for recognition and detection of Methyl MLK impurity and separation of all process related impurities of Montelukast sodium mentioned in EP and USP monographs. An efficient strategy screening and scouting in which various C-18 columns were tried and tested. LUNA C-18 column utilized in RP HPLC mode ended up being the phenomenal decision for the technique streamlining. The proportion of acetonitrile and trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) in water and in the mobile phase, column temperature, flow rate and diluents were considered as basic strategy boundary. The method developed equivalency was checked in terms of Specificity, LOD, Quantitation (LOQ), Precision, Linearity, Relative response factor (RRF), and Accuracy.

The kinship greetings of blood and marital ties in the Minangkabau community

This study aimed to explore the use of regional languages regarding forms of kinship based on blood and marital ties greetings by the Minangkabau's in the Bromo area. To analyze the forms of blood and marriage-related kinship greetings, a sociolinguistic study was applied. The data collection was listening to the informants' conversation regarding greetings for the Minangkabau community, followed by talking engaging techniques. The analyzed using the equivalent method with the qualitative approach. The results showed that form of blood kinship greeting such as Apak, Amak, Uda, Uni, Adiak, Anduang, Mak Gaek, Angku, Ungku, Pak Gaek, Mak Dang, Mak Wo, Mak Etek, Etek, Apak, Andeh, and Pak Etek. There are several types such as Uda, Ajo, Adiak, Abak, Amak, Uda, Ajo, Uni for marital ties greetings. These greetings, both blood, and marital kinship ties indicate cultural resistance and social bonding, which have roles in daily communication among the Minangkabau people.