scholarly journals Revolute-Leaf, a New Completely Dominant Mutant in Peanut

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Branch
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Normal Leaf ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Mutant Plant ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Dominant Mutant ◽  
Leaf Mutant ◽  
Light Green

ABSTRACT A Revolute-Leaf mutant plant was discovered in an advanced Georgia peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) breeding line, GA 112702. The mutant had leaf margins that curve downward on each of the four small light-green leaflets. Two cross combinations were used to determine the inheritance of this new mutant. F1, F2, and F3 segregation data strongly supported a single completely dominant gene, designated Rev, controlling the inheritance of the Revolute-Leaf mutant. The F2:3 homozygous revolute-leaf individual plants had shorter mainstem heights, narrower leaflet length and width, narrower canopy width, reduced pod and seed weights, but similar SMK percentages compared to the F2:3 homozygous normal leaf plants resulting from the same closely related cross combination (GA 112702 x Revoluted-Leaf mutant).

scholarly journals Inheritance of Spear-Shaped Leaf in Peanut

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 74-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Branch
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Normal Leaf ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Mutant Plant ◽  
Leaf Trait ◽  
Segregation Data ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Leaf Mutant

ABSTRACT Recently, a single Spear-shaped Leaf mutant plant was discovered in the ‘Georgia-06G' peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. ssp. hypogaea var. hypogaea) cultivar. The mutant had narrow leaflets with each leaflet tapering to a point which gives the appearance of a spearhead shape. Three cross combinations were used to determine the inheritance of this new mutant. F1, F2, and F3 segregation data strongly supported a single incompletely dominant gene, designated SpL, controlling the inheritance of the Spear-shaped Leaf trait. The F2:3 homozygous spear-shaped individual plants had taller mainstem heights, narrower leaflet width, reduced pod weight, and lower SMK percentages compared to the F2:3 homozygous normal leaf plants resulting from the same closely related cross combination (Georgia-06G x Spear-shaped Leaf mutant).

scholarly journals Inheritance of a Novel Heterozygous Peanut Mutant, 5-Small Leaflet

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
W. D. Branch ◽  
S. P. Tallury ◽  
J. P. Clevenger ◽  
B. M. Schwartz ◽  
W. W. Hanna
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Pollen Parent ◽  
Normal Leaf ◽  
Mutant Plant ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
True Breeding ◽  
Selection For

ABSTRACT An unusual 5-Small Leaflet mutant plant was found within the ‘Georgia Green' runner-type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivar. Subsequent selfing has not established a true-breeding 5-Small Leaflet genotype. It continues to segregate normal and 5-Small Leaflet plants but with a reduced number of normal leaf plants upon selection for 5-Small Leaflet phenotypes after several self-generations. F1, F2, F3, and F4 data suggests that the 5-Small Leaflet trait is dominant or possibly pseudo-dominant. Likewise, the 5-Small Leaflet mutant can only be used as a pollen parent in crosses, and it has approximately a 1:1 ratio of elongated to normal stigmas, respectively, on individual plants. This is an example of a novel heterozygous peanut mutant plant found within the cultivated allotetraploid peanut.

scholarly journals Inheritance of an Albino-Virescent Leaf Mutant in the Cultivated Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

2019 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-205
Author(s):  
W. D. Branch ◽  
N. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Segregation Ratio ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Leaf Trait ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Leaf Mutant ◽  
Mutant Phenotypes ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

ABSTRACT An Albino-Virescent Leaf mutant was recently found in an advanced Georgia peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) breeding line, GA 082524. This breeding line was derived from the cross of ‘Georgia-02C' x (‘Georgia-01R' x ‘COAN'), none of which have exhibited any mutant phenotypes in the past. The Albino-Virescent leaf mutant was selected and reciprocal crosses made with GA 082524 to determine the inheritance of this unusual chlorophyll deficiency. F1 and F2 data indicated a single recessive gene, avl, controlled the Albino-Virescent leaf trait. Chi-square analysis indicated a good fit to the expected 3:1 segregation ratio. No maternal or cytoplasmic effects were detected among the progenies from reciprocal hybridization.

A Dominant Gene for White Seed Coat in Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.)

1988 ◽  
Vol 79 (3) ◽  
pp. 212-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Norden ◽  
D. A. Knauft ◽  
D. W. Gorbet
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Seed Coat ◽  
Dominant Gene ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

scholarly journals Inheritance of Sterile Brachytic and Sterile Dwarf Plants in Peanut

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 116-118
Author(s):  
W. D. Branch ◽  
J. P. Clevenger ◽  
B. M. Schwartz
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Recessive Gene ◽  
Short Stem ◽  
Cross Combination ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Fertile Pollen ◽  
Recessive Genes

ABSTRACT Infraspecific cross combinations between the two subspecies of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L. ssp. hypogaea and ssp. fastigiata) result in sterile brachytic plants. These sterile brachytic plants have short stem internodes with clustering of the four leaflets without apparent rachis, shortened petiole, and absent of flowers. In the present study, phenotypically similar sterile dwarf plants were also found but with apparently fertile pollen, female sterile flowers, and visible rachis and petiolate leaflets, within subspecies hypogaea cross combination. Inheritance data suggested two or four recessive genes controlling the sterile brachytic plants found in F2 populations between the two subspecies hypogaea x fastigiata crosses. However, only one recessive gene (sdw) was proposed for the similar sterile dwarf plants found in different F2 populations within ssp. hypogaea x hypogaea crosses.

Pod Breakdown Resistance in Peanuts1

1975 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. M. Porter ◽  
K. H. Garren ◽  
P. H. van Schaik
Keyword(s):  
Rhizoctonia Solani ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Breeding Line ◽  
Pythium Myriotylum ◽  
Breeding Lines ◽  
Plant Introductions ◽  
Resistant Cultivars ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Resistance To Infection

Abstract During 19 69–73, 13 commonly grown Virginia-type peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars, 15 plant introductions. and two breeding lines were evaluated under field conditions for resistance to the pod breakdown fungi Pythium myriotylum and Rhizoctonia solani. Four cultivars—Early Runner. Florunner, Florigiant, and NC 17—having related pedigrees were consistently more resistant to infection by these two fungi. P.I. 341880 and P.I. 341885 and Florida breeding line F439–16–6 showed similar resistance to infection. Cultivars most susceptible to pod breakdown were NC 5, Va. 56R, Ga. 119–20 and Va. 72R. P.I. 343410 and a selection from P.I. 319178 were extremely susceptible to pod breakdown. Resistance to pod breakdown seems to have been derived from a cross between a small, white-seeded Spanish-type peanut and Dixie Giant, a large-seeded Virginia-type peanut. All resistant cultivars are related to this cross, whereas the susceptible cultivars lack these parental types in the pedigrees.

GERMINACIÓN DE SEMILLAS DE CACAHUATE (Arachis hypogaea L.) UTILIZANDO DIFERENTES DOSIS DE GIBERELINA.

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A. García Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Objetivo: Evaluar la germinación de cacahuate (Arachis hypogaea L.) mediante el uso de diferentes dosis de ácido giberélico (GA3). Diseño/metodología/aproximación: Se empleó un diseño completamente al azar. Se utilizaron tres tratamientos con 20 repeticiones. Tratamiento 1: 0.05gr/L de ácido giberélico (GA3), Tratamiento 2: 0.10gr/L de ácido giberélico (GA3), Tratamiento 3: 0.15gr/L de ácido giberélico (GA3) y Tratamiento 0: Testigo. Se utilizaron semillas de cacahuate de la variedad Virginia. Los parámetros a evaluar fueron, la altura de plántula, número de hojas, medida de raíz y biomasa.  Las medias fueron comparadas por la prueba de Tukey a un nivel del 5% de confianza. Resultados: Los tratamientos indicaron que el Tratamiento 0 (Testigo) obtuvo un porcentaje de germinación de 85%, siendo mayor que el tratamiento 3 (0.15gr/L de GA3) con un 75% de germinación, sin embargo, el tratamiento 1 (0.05gr/L de GA3) y 2 (0.10gr/L de GA3) presentaron una mejor respuesta al obtener un 95% de germinación cada uno. Limitaciones del estudio/implicaciones: El tratamiento 3 causa efectos negativos en la germinación de la planta. Hallazgos/conclusiones: Es necesario dar seguimiento a la investigación para un mejor control del ambiente y ampliar las dosis de GA3, así como aumentar la velocidad de germinación aplicando 0.15gr/L de GA3.

QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA E SANITÁRIA DE SEMENTES DE AMENDOIM (Arachis hypogaea L.) ARMAZENADAS

2001 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Diniz ◽  
C.L. Silva ◽  
M.B. Muniz ◽  
V.P. Queiroga ◽  
R.L.A. Bruno
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L

Respon Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) terhadap Sistem Tanam Alur dan Pemberian Jenis Pupuk

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 342
Author(s):  
Rizal Mahdi Kurniawan ◽  
Heni Purnamawati ◽  
Yudiwanti Wahyu E. K
Keyword(s):  
Arachis Hypogaea ◽  
Arachis Hypogaea L ◽  
Split Plot ◽  
Plot Design

<p><em>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh sistem tanam alur dan pemberian jenis pupuk terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi kacang tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.). Penelitian dilaksanakan di KP Leuwikopo IPB Dramaga, Bogor pada bulan Februari - Juni 2013. Percobaan menggunakan rancangan petak terbagi (Split Plot Design) dengan perlakuan terdiri dari dua faktor, yaitu sistem tanam alur sebagai petak utama dan jenis pupuk sebagai anak petak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perlakuan sistem tanam alur meningkatkan daya hasil pada produktivitas biji kering, produktivitas polong kering, dan bobot kering biji per tanaman lebih baik dibandingkan sistem tanam konvensional. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dengan perlakuan sistem tanam alur yang memiliki produktivitas 2.93 ton/ha polong kering, sedangkan sistem tanam konvensional sebesar 2.55 ton/ha polong kering. Sistem budidaya kacang tanah pada sistem tanam alur dapat meningkatkan efisiensi tanaman dalam memanfaatkan unsur hara yang telah diberikan baik pupuk organik maupun anorganik, sehingga pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman kacang tanah menjadi lebih baik. Pemberian jenis pupuk kandang ayam + Dolomit + NPK memberikan respon terhadap pertumbuhan dan  daya hasil rata-rata tanaman yang lebih baik dibandingkan jenis pupuk lainnya.</em></p>

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