FROM THE STRATEGY OF CREATING A PROTECTED AREA OF LOCAL IMPORTANCE — RECREATIONAL AREA “LAKE CHUCHYE” IN THE SELENGINSKIY DISTRICT OF THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF A CLUSTER TOURIST AND RECREATIONAL DEVELOPMENT ZONE

The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa, 1996, recognises customary law as an independent and original source of law, subject to the Constitution itself and legislation that specifically deals with customary law. As recognised by the Constitutional Court in Alexkor Ltd vs the Richtersveld Community (2004), customary law, as an independent source of law, may give rise to rights including rights to access and use natural resources. Rights to access and use natural resources are often comprehensively regulated by legislation. Conflicts between customary law and legislation relevant to natural resources may arise, as evidenced in the case of Mr Gongqose, who along with several other community members were caught fishing in the Dwesa-Cwebe Marine Protected Area situated off the Eastern Cape coastline. Notwithstanding their claims to be exercising their customary rights to fish in the area, they were convicted in the Magistrate’s Court for certain offences in terms of the Marine Living Resources Act (1998), under which the marine protected area had been established. Their appeal to the High Court proved unsuccessful and the Supreme Court of Appeal was tasked with considering the relationship between their customary rights to fish and legislation purportedly extinguishing these rights. The SCA’s judgment in Gongqose & Others vs Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries & Others (2018) is the first of its kind in South Africa to consider the extinguishment of customary rights to access and use natural resources through post-constitutional legislation. This note critically considers the guidance the SCA provided on proving the existence of customary rights to access and use natural resources, and the manner in which they may be extinguished through legislation. While the focus is on marine living resources, the lessons emerging from this case are relevant to other natural resource sectors.

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Forest visitors’ opinion of recreational facilities and trails in forests in the Blaník Protected Landscape Area – a case study

Journal of Forest Science ◽

10.17221/77/2012-jfs ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 59 (No. 5) ◽

pp. 185-190

Author(s):

A. Drábková ◽

L. Šišák

Keyword(s):

Protected Areas ◽

Case Studies ◽

Questionnaire Survey ◽

Protected Area ◽

Recreational Facilities ◽

Recreational Area ◽

Scarce Data

Currently, recreation is the most common use of protected areas and there are scarce data on the users and their opinion. The research was focused on visitors to the Blaník Protected Landscape Area (hereafter referred to as PLA), a well-known recreational area where data on visitors, important for PLA management, are missing. Therefore, the aim of the paper is find out: what kind of visitors comes to the study area; the type of forest trails and tourist facilities the visitors prefer. A questionnaire survey of forest visitors was used. Results show that the visitors mostly prefer maintained trails. According to forest visitors’ opinion, the most convenient facility to place near the forest tourist trail is the nature trail panels. Furthermore, based on the acquired data, it was possible to create a visitor’s profile which is important for respective research and other case studies in similar areas, and for managers of protected landscape areas to comply with both the visitors’ needs and the needs of the protected area.  

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Monitoring and Assessment of Protected Areas’ Management Capacities in the Republic of Serbia

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11030666 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 666 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Nikola Banjac ◽

Rado Maksimović ◽

Katarina Dragaš ◽

Jelena Ivetić

Keyword(s):

Protected Areas ◽

Protected Area ◽

Sensu Stricto ◽

Professional Staff ◽

Assessment Model ◽

Protected Area Management ◽

Management Effectiveness ◽

Aggregate Function ◽

The Republic ◽

Area Management

The necessity to measure the effectiveness of the management of protected areas has been widely recognized. This paper aims to show a realistic state of affairs in protected area management in the Republic of Serbia on the basis of the results of managers’ monitoring and their obligations stipulated by law. It will also answer questions on which form of management is optimal, by means of a proposed assessment model. The research has been performed on a sample of 30 sensu stricto protected areas, managed by 21 different managers. For the purpose of ranking and comparing the degree of protected area management effectiveness, the use of a normalized aggregate function (scoring) has been introduced. Results show that about half of the analyzed protected areas have no adequate management in terms of legally prescribed management criteria, as well as that management effectiveness is related to several external factors. The authors conclude that meeting all criteria stipulated by law, and the existence of professional staff represent fundamental factors for the effective management of protected areas.

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Identifying priority areas for the conservation of antelopes in the Republic of Guinea, West Africa, using the complementarity approach

Oryx ◽

10.1017/s0030605311000391 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 46 (2) ◽

pp. 253-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

David Brugière

Keyword(s):

West Africa ◽

Protected Areas ◽

Protected Area ◽

Conservation Strategies ◽

Area Network ◽

Mammal Species ◽

Protected Area Network ◽

Republic Of Guinea ◽

Complementarity Approach ◽

The Republic

AbstractThe Republic of Guinea has one of the highest diversities of mammal species in West Africa. However, its protected area network is poorly developed and little quantitative information has been available to help guide national conservation strategies. I therefore examined the distribution of antelopes and related species (families Bovidae and Tragulidae) across 17 sites, including four protected areas, to determine how the existing protected area network contributes to the conservation of antelope species and where action should best be focused for the conservation of this group. A total of 21 species of antelope have been recorded in the 17 sites; four of these species are absent from the four protected areas. An iterative heuristic complementarity approach was used to determine an irreplaceability index, which accounts for both species richness and species rarity, for each of the sites. The Kankan Faunal Reserve and Nimba Strict Nature Reserve have the second and fourth highest irreplaceability indices, respectively. The two other protected areas have moderate to very low irreplaceability indices, showing that they protect species widespread throughout the 17 sites. The Ziama Forest has the highest index (because it contains a high number of species and of globally threatened species), highlighting the significance of this site. I discuss the importance of the other sites and the threats affecting antelopes in Guinea, and make recommendations to improve the study and conservation of antelope species in the country.

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Memorandum of agreement between the government of the republic of the Philippines and the government of Malaysia on the establishment of the turtle island heritage protected area

Journal of International Wildlife Law & Policy ◽

10.1080/13880290209354004 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 5 (1-2) ◽

pp. 157-161

Keyword(s):

Protected Area ◽

The Philippines ◽

The Republic ◽

The Government

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Aphyllophoroid fungi (Basidiomycota) of the planned protected area “Haapalampi–Northwest shore of Lake Ladoga” (Republic of Karelia)

Novosti sistematiki nizshikh rastenii ◽

10.31111/nsnr/2019.53.2.291 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 53 (2) ◽

pp. 291-306

Author(s):

V. M. Kotkova

Keyword(s):

Rare Species ◽

Protected Area ◽

Lake Ladoga ◽

Botanical Institute ◽

Komarov Botanical Institute ◽

The Republic ◽

First Time ◽

Aphyllophoroid Fungi

The paper provides the data on aphyllophoroid fungi of the planned protected area “Haapalampi–Northwest shore of Lake Ladoga” situated in the Sortavala District of the Republic of Karelia. The list includes 216 species annotated by data on their habitats, substrates and frequency. In total 11 species of aphyllophoroid fungi protected in the Republic of Karelia (Krasnaya…, 2007) were found in the protected area. Athelia binucleospora, Byssocorticium pulchrum, Hydnum ellipsosporum, H. umbilicatum, Junghuhnia autumnalis, Phanerochaete livescens, Phlebia subcretacea, and Vuilleminia alni are published for the first time for the Republic of Karelia. The specimens of new and rare species are kept in the Mycological Herbarium of the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS (LE).

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DIVERSITY OF VASCULAR FLORA IN PROTECTED HABITAT TIŠINA

Archives for Technical Sciences ◽

10.7251/afts.2020.1223.087m ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (23) ◽

Author(s):

Nataša Marić ◽

Slađana Petronić

Keyword(s):

Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽

Protected Area ◽

Life Forms ◽

Iucn Red List ◽

Red List ◽

Effective Management ◽

Vascular Flora ◽

Far North ◽

The Republic ◽

Biological Spectrum

VelikaTišina swamp is located far north of the Republic of Srpska and Bosnia and Herzegovina, and belong to the territory of the Municipality of Šamac. The vascular flora was investigated within the Conservation Study, which was done in cooperation with the Republic Institute for the Protection of the Cultural and Historical Natural Heritage of the Republic of Srpska and GEF/UNEP as part of the project „Achieving Biodiversity Conservation through the Establishment and Effective Management of the Protected Area and Capacity Building for Nature Conservation Bosnia and Herzegovina“. Research was carried out in the period 2010-2011. There were identified 236 species that were classified into 3 classes, 179 genera and 71 families. In phytogeographic view is dominated species of wider geographical distribution from the eurasian, cosmopolitan, boreal and adventive areal groups. The biological spectrum indicate the hemicryptophytes-terrophytic-hydrophytic character of life forms. According to the IUCN Red List, about 55% of the species are mostly of low concern (LC) category, those species have a stable population but are not designated as dependent on protection nor nearly endangered. According to the Red List of Protected Species of the Flora and Fauna of the Republic of Srpska, in this area 22 taxa with no specific threat category were recorded and in the Red List of the Federation of BiH 6 species are in the vulnerable species (VU) category, 1 species in the LC category.

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Dissenting Opinions of Judges of the unclos Tribunal in the Chagos Case

Afrika Focus ◽

10.1163/2031356x-34010004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 28-49

Author(s):

Roopanand Mahadew ◽

Arzeena Bhowarkan

Keyword(s):

United Kingdom ◽

International Law ◽

Protected Area ◽

Marine Protected Area ◽

Law Of The Sea ◽

Moral Value ◽

The United Kingdom ◽

United Nations Convention ◽

The Republic ◽

The Unclos

Abstract Mauritius won its first victory when the “tribunal constituted under Annex vii of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea” delivered its award “in the matter of the Chagos Marine Protected Area (mpa) Arbitration, between the Republic of Mauritius and the United Kingdom”. The award declared that the mpa established around Chagos by the United Kingdom was against international law. However, the decision desired by both Mauritius and the Chagossians is found in the dissenting opinion, which is, as a matter of law, non-binding. The dissenting opinion is to the effect that the tribunal had jurisdiction to consider the issue of sovereignty over Chagos and that if such issue was considered, Mauritius had a strong case for winning back sovereignty over Chagos. This article aims to make the dissenting opinions more widely known and reflect on the legal value of such opinions, alongside their high political and moral value and relevance to Mauritius and the Chagossians.

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Community Response of Cladocera to Trophic Stress by Biomanipulation in a Shallow Oxbow Lake

Water ◽

10.3390/w11050929 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 929 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Csaba Berta ◽

Béla Tóthmérész ◽

Marta Wojewódka ◽

Olga Augustyniuk ◽

János Korponai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Protected Area ◽

Environmental Variables ◽

Community Response ◽

Oxbow Lake ◽

Species Number ◽

Top Down ◽

Fish Introduction ◽

Subfossil Cladocera ◽

Recreational Area ◽

Short Time

Studying contemporary and subfossil Cladocera (Crustacea) communities, we explored the effect of top-down stressors on the cladoceran communities; we are also interested in the coherence of the contemporary and subfossil communities. The studied Cibakháza oxbow lake is in E Hungary, on the left-floodplain of the River Tisza; it is a large, long, and shallow oxbow lake. Three areas of the oxbow lake were distinguished based on the strength of top-down stress: protected area with low top-down stress, biomanipulated area with high top-down stress, and recreational area with moderate top-down stress. Altogether, we identified 28 taxa in the contemporary and subfossil communities in the oxbow lake. We found that the species number of the contemporary Cladocera communities was lower (protected area: 13; biomanipulated area: 9, and recreational area: 14) than in the subfossil communities (protected area: 20; biomanipulated area: 16, and recreational area: 14). Among the environmental variables, we observed differences between the protected and biomanipulated area, while the recreational area showed a transition. Species number, abundances, and Simpson diversity also showed the effect of the fish introduction. There were no differences in beta-diversity among the contemporary and subfossil Cladocera community. The non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination showed that the biomanipulated area in the case of the contemporary communities was separated from the other areas, while in the case of the subfossil communities, there was no separation according to top-down stress. Our results showed that the number of species of contemporary Cladocera communities was lower in each area (3–10; 3–9; 5–9) compared to the subfossil communities (6–17; 7–12; 8–12). However, the highest abundances were found in the biomanipulated area due to the appearance of small-sized Cladocera species. Our findings suggest that the effect of a short-time fish introduction is restorable when the oxbow lake has a protected part.

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Ophrys sphegodes subsp. helenae (Renz) Soó & D.M.Moore (Orchidacea): a new subspecies for the Bulgarian flora

Acta Scientifica Naturalis ◽

10.2478/asn-2021-0018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 55-73

Author(s):

Dimcho Zahariev

Keyword(s):

Protected Area ◽

Anthropogenic Impact ◽

Anthropogenic Impacts ◽

Vegetative State ◽

Floristic Diversity ◽

New Subspecies ◽

Northeastern Part ◽

The Republic ◽

Associated Species

Abstract Ophrys sphegodes subsp. helenae (Renz) Soó & D.M.Moore is a Balkan endemic, for which so far there are data for distribution only on the territory of 2 countries: Greece and Albania. During a study of the flora of the Voyvodsko plateau, located in the northeastern part of the Republic of Bulgaria, in April 2019 a locality of this species was discovered. The development of the population in the period April 2019 - May 2021 was monitored. The population consists of 3 individuals located on an area of 0.5 m2. Of these, 2 individuals are in a generative state and 1 individual is in a vegetative state. The abiotic and biotic conditions in the habitat are described. It is characterized by a rich floristic diversity: the associated species are 60 in number. Anthropogenic impact has been reported. The prospects for the existence of the population are indicated. It is proposed to declare the territory around the locality a protected area in order to preserve the habitat from negative anthropogenic impacts.

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