scholarly journals Impact of competition & economic policy uncertainty on payout policy of the Indian pharmaceutical industry

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 660-668
Author(s):  
Shireen Rosario ◽  
Chandra Sen Mazumdar
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industry ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Fixed Effects Model ◽  
Dividend Payment ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Chow Test ◽  
Indian Pharmaceutical Industry

Extant literature shows that competition and Economic Policy Uncertainty (EPU) have a bearing on the economic growth, investments and payout policies. However, studies in this area have been limited in India. The objective of this paper is to examine the influence of competition and EPU on the Dividend Payments of Indian Pharmaceutical Industry and whether the dividend payment was affected by the Financial Crisis of 2008/09. The study is conducted on 12-year data i.e. from 1.4.2007 to 31.3.2019. Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI) is used to check the market concentration and EPU is measured by the newly developed Newspaper based EPU index. Profitability, leverage and firm size are used as control variables. Fixed Effects model in Panel regression is used. Chow test checks if there was any break in the dividend payment during the Financial Crisis. The study establishes that dividend payment is inversely related to industry concentration - when there is more competition, there is more dividend payment in the industry. Dividend payment is positively related to EPU. Higher the uncertainty, higher the dividend. While leverage is inversely related to dividend payment, size of the firm does not play any role. Chow test confirms that Financial Crisis did not influence the dividend payout.

Connectedness Among Economic Policy Uncertainties: Evidence from the Time and Frequency Domain Perspectives

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 401-433
Author(s):  
Jinxin Cui ◽  
Huiwen Zou
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
The United States ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Crisis Period

AbstractThis paper investigates the frequency connectedness among economic policy uncertainties of G20 countries using the novel frequency connectedness proposed by Barunik and Krehlik (2018) which can depict the dynamic connectedness not only over time but also across different frequencies. The empirical results obtained in this paper demonstrate that, firstly, the connectedness among economic policy uncertainties is significant, and the spillover effects during the financial crisis and the post-financial crisis period are stronger than the pre-financial crisis period. Secondly, the United States, France, and Australia are the main net-transmitters of the economic policy uncertainty spillovers while Brazil, Italy, Mexico, and Russia act as the main net-recipients of the spillovers. Thirdly, the major international events may significantly enhance the spillover transmissions of economic policy uncertainty among different countries, thus increasing the magnitude of the total connectedness. Finally, the economic policy uncertainty spillovers are mainly transmitted in the short term, i.e., 1∼4 months instead of longer time horizons in terms of the magnitude of the frequency connectedness measures. The findings of this paper not only have profound theoretical and practical significance but also provide several significant implications for the policymakers, supervision agents, international traders, and various investors.

scholarly journals Impact of Economic Policy Uncertainty on Trade Credit Provision: The Role of Social Trust

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Liu ◽  
Daxin Dong
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Trade Credit ◽  
Social Trust ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
The Impact

This paper explores the impact of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on trade credit while taking into account the interactive role of social trust. The analysis is based on the panel data econometric model with fixed effects. Using firm-level data across 16 economies from 1995Q1 to 2015Q1, we find that (i) there exists a negative and highly significant relationship between economic policy uncertainty and the provision of trade credit; (ii) this relation is weaker for firms in countries with higher levels of social trust; and (iii) the effects of EPU and social trust are both more substantial for firms in more financially constrained industries. The impact of social trust is not a result of people’s high confidence in government, an effective legal system of enforcing contracts, a high-quality institutional system or an excellent system of protecting shareholders. Our result is robust if we exclude business cycle effects or use an alternative measure of financial constraints.

Do firms adjust board gender diversity in response to economic policy uncertainty?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Seksak Jumreornvong ◽  
Sirimon Treepong karuna ◽  
Shenghui Tong ◽  
Pornsit Jiraporn
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Terrorist Attack ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Shareholder Wealth ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Exogenous Shock ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Board Gender Diversity

Purpose This paper aims to explore the effect of economic policy uncertainty (EPU) on board gender diversity. Prior research shows that female directors play a beneficial role. The advantage of board gender diversity should be particularly helpful when firms have to navigate an uncertain environment. So the authors hypothesize that firms adjust their board gender diversity in response to EPU. Design/methodology/approach The authors execute a regression analysis. To minimize endogeneity, the authors execute firm-fixed effects regressions, an instrumental variable (IV) analysis and propensity score matching. Findings Consistent with their hypothesis, the authors find that firms significantly raise board gender diversity in response to EPU. To draw a causal inference, the authors exploit the 9/11 terrorist attack as an exogenous shock that elevated EPU unexpectedly. The authors’ IV analysis corroborates the results. Finally, the authors show that board gender diversity substantially mitigates the adverse effect on shareholder wealth brought about by an unanticipated negative shock attributed to the 9/11 attack. Originality/value According to the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to investigate the effect of EPU on board gender diversity. This research contributes to two important areas of the literature, i.e. board gender diversity and EPU. The authors show that board gender diversity is beneficial and firms act accordingly when facing more economic uncertainty.

Economic policy uncertainty, R&D expenditures and innovation outputs

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Tajaddini ◽  
Hassan F. Gholipour
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
The United States ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Relationship

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between the news-based economic policy uncertainty (EPU), research and development (R&D) expenditures per capita and innovation outputs.Design/methodology/approachData from 1996 to 2015 for 19 countries (Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, China, France, Germany, India, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Netherlands, Russia, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom and the United States) are used. The authors apply country and year fixed-effects models for the estimations.FindingsThe study findings show that higher levels of EPU are positively associated with higher R&D expenditures per capita as well as innovation outputs (patent applications, patent grants and trademark applications).Practical implicationsThis study deepens our understanding on the policy uncertainty–economic activities nexus and expands the literature on uncertainty, which is still at an initial phase of development, leading to generate a variety of open research questions for further investigation and study (Bloom, 2014).Originality/valueThere has not been an empirical investigation on the links between EPU and R&D expenditures and innovation outputs across several countries. The authors address this gap in the literature.

scholarly journals Economic policy uncertainty, value of cash and financial crisis

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Quoc Trung Tran
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Financial Crisis ◽  
Global Financial Crisis ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Crisis Period ◽  
Value Of Cash ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Global Financial Crisis

PurposeThis paper investigates the effect of economic policy uncertainty on value of cash before and after the global financial crisis.Design/methodology/approachWe investigate the relationship between economic policy uncertainty and value of excess cash based on the valuation model of Fama and French (1998). Baker et al. (2016) news-based index (BBD index) is employed to calculate measures of economic policy uncertainty. Our research sample includes 103,474 observations from 11,000 firms across 19 countries over the period 2004–2016.FindingsWe find that economic policy uncertainty is negatively “positively” related to value of cash in the pre-crisis “post-crisis” period. Moreover, we also document that the positive effect of economic policy uncertainty in the post-crisis period is stronger in financially constrained firms.Originality/valueWhile prior studies find a relationship between economic policy uncertainty and cash levels or the effect of firm-level uncertainty on value of cash, this paper shows how economic policy uncertainty as an institutional environment factor affects value of cash. Moreover, it documents that economic policy uncertainty has opposite effects on value of cash before and after the global financial crisis.

Economic policy uncertainty and investment of Russian companies

2020 ◽  
pp. 141-159
Author(s):  
Iuliia N. Naidenova ◽  
Veronika V. Leonteva
Keyword(s):  
Economic Policy ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Corporate Investment ◽  
Policy Uncertainty ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Investment Activity ◽  
Public Companies ◽  
Economic Policy Uncertainty ◽  
The Impact

This paper is devoted to determining the impact of economic policy uncertainty on corporate investment of Russian manufacturing companies. By applying fixed effects models on panel data, it was found that under increasing level of economic policy uncertainty, the companies reduce their investment activity. The effect is most pronounced for large companies. It is important to note that public companies are not affected by the uncertainty of Russian economic policy, however, the European and global economic policy uncertainty has a negative impact on their investments. Testing the robustness by applying the methods of instrumental variables confirms the results. The study suggests that maintaining transparency and stability of economic policy can increase the level of corporate investment.

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