Apprenticeship and Learning by Doing

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Jeff Horn
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Young People ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Training Requirements

In France, formal guild training was not as ubiquitous a means of socializing young people into a trade as it has been portrayed by scholars. Guilds were limited geographically, and in many French cities privileged enclaves controlled by clerical or noble seigneurs curbed the sway of corporate structures, or even created their own. Eighteenth-century Bordeaux provides an extreme example of how limited guild training was in France’s fastest-growing city. The clerical reserves of Saint-Seurin and Saint-André that housed much of the region’s industrial production had quasi-corporate structures with far more open access and fewer training requirements. In Bordeaux, journeymen contested masters’ control over labor and masters trained almost no apprentices themselves. Formal apprenticeship mattered exceptionally little when it came to training people to perform a trade in Bordeaux.

‘Levelling the Sublime’

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aaron Shapiro
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Young People ◽  
Paradise Lost ◽  
English Poetry ◽  
English Prose ◽  
The Sublime ◽  
The Status

The eighteenth century saw the curious tradition of translating Milton’s Paradise Lost into normative English prose and verse. The status of these translations as literary curiosities belies their serious ambition: to secure a universal readership of this English classic, an ambition also articulated in contemporary works of criticism and commentaries. Rather than treating this cluster of works as adaptations, this chapter conceives of them as intralingual translations, thus positioning them in the terms with which their authors describe them and within the earlier tradition of translation-as-commentary. Milton’s English translators aim at making his epic accessible to women, ‘foreigners’, ‘young people’, and ‘those of a capacity and knowledge below the first class of learning’, even if that accessibility requires some rewriting. Borrowing methods from the teaching of Latin, these authors established a practice that persists to this day in student-friendly translations of English poetry.

scholarly journals European Youth Work Policy and Young People’s Experience of Open Access Youth Work

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
JON ORD ◽  
MARC CARLETTI ◽  
DANIELE MORCIANO ◽  
LASSE SIURALA ◽  
CHRISTOPHE DANSAC ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Young People ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Youth Work ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
European Youth

Abstract This article examines young people’s experiences of open access youth work in settings in the UK, Finland, Estonia, Italy and France. It analyses 844 individual narratives from young people, which communicate the impact of youthwork on their lives. These accounts are then analysed in the light of the European youth work policy goals. It concludes that it is encouraging that what young people identify as the positive impact of youth work are broadly consistent with many of these goals. There are however some disparities which require attention. These include the importance young people place on the social context of youth work, such as friendship, which is largely absent in EU youth work policy; as well as the importance placed on experiential learning. The paper also highlights a tension between ‘top down’ policy formulation and the ‘youth centric’ practices of youth work. It concludes with a reminder to policy makers that for youth work to remain successful the spaces and places for young people must remain meaningful to them ‘on their terms’.

Labor Productivity and Managerial Efficiency against a Static Technology: The Pennsylvania Iron Industry, 1750–1800

1980 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul F. Paskoff
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Learning By Doing ◽  
Iron Industry ◽  
Managerial Efficiency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Consumption Rates ◽  
The Face

An increase in labor productivity and a reduction of fuel consumption rates were two notable and closely related achievements of the management of Hopewell Forge, an ironworks in eighteenth-century Pennsylvania. Significantly, these economies were realized in the face of technological stasis through learning by doing. The analysis of this accomplishment is cast in the larger context of the performance of the iron industry before and after 1800.

Afterword

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Williams
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Young People ◽  
Historical Figures ◽  
The World ◽  
Sense Of Reality ◽  
Domestic Culture ◽  
The Way

This chapter summarizes key themes and presents some final thoughts. This book offered a series of vignettes of reading lives and practices. It presented a cluster of historical figures and a range of historical books, and used them to try to reconstruct what literature has meant and what it has been used for. It showed that the way in which people used the books they read are closely bound up with other aspects of amateur, domestic culture. This book also showed that anxieties about forms of reading are not new. Eighteenth-century commentators worried about learning bought too easily and readers who could no longer engage with whole texts. Families encouraged reading together because they feared that young people were losing their sense of reality through their immersion in addictive imaginative fictions. The world of eighteenth-century reading was a very different land, but in some ways, perhaps not so far from our own as we like to think.

Survey of the state of the art of computerisation in British meat plants and an assessment of training requirements

1990 ◽  
Vol 1990 ◽  
pp. 103-103
Author(s):  
S J Porter ◽  
A J Kempster ◽  
A G Sains
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Young People ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Labour Force ◽  
The State ◽  
Meat Industry ◽  
Training Requirements ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Skilled Workforce ◽  
Industry Needs

The meat industry needs a skilled workforce to meet the challenges of the 1990's. The need is particularly acute in computing and information technology (IT) because people with the necessary skills are becoming notoriously difficult to find, even for the most technologically advanced and high-salaried industries. The expected fall by 20% in the number of young people in the national labour force between now and 1995 will exacerbate these difficulties, as will the poor perception that potential employees have of the meat industry.

scholarly journals The experience of open access youth work: the voice of young people

2016 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisy Ritchie ◽  
Jon Ord
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Young People ◽  
Youth Work ◽  
The Voice

scholarly journals Rescuing a Heritage Database: Some Lessons from London Concert Life in the Eighteenth Century

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-61
Author(s):  
Simon McVeigh
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Relational Database ◽  
Research Tool ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Subsequent Transformation ◽  
Exhaustive Study ◽  
Comprehensive Study ◽  
Concert Life

Abstract The paper outlines the genesis and subsequent transformation of the database Calendar of London Concerts 1750–1800, now available as a dataset at https://www.doi.org/10.17026/dans-znv-3c2j. Originally developed during the 1980s, the database was used as a primary research tool in the preparation of articles and a 1993 monograph: the first comprehensive study of London’s flourishing public concert life in the later eighteenth century, which culminated in Haydn’s London visits in 1791–5. The database itself, extending to over 4000 records, was derived from an exhaustive study of London newspapers. Following the obsolescence of the relational database in which the material was initially stored, it has recently been transferred to a spreadsheet in csv format, publicly available with free open access. Issues arising out of the standardisation of concert data are explored, especially regarding the layout of complete concert programmes, and the strengths and limitations of the original design are analysed, within the context of the newly available version.

scholarly journals Editorial

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Peterson ◽  
Laura D'Olimpio
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Open Access ◽  
Young People ◽  
Social Media Presence ◽  
To Receive

Welcome to the fourth issue of the Journal of Philosophy in Schools (JPS). 2016 marks our third year of publishing the JPS online in an open-access forum, and we are so pleased with the support and positive responses we continue to receive for this initiative. We are delighted to offer you another five original articles in this issue that all engage with how philosophy is practiced with young people in various educational contexts. We are also steadily growing our social media presence and are excited to report that we now have 1797 Facebook ‘likes’ for our page, and 731 followers on Twitter (@JournalP4C). Our statistics in terms of article views and downloads is equally impressive. As of 1st May 2016, and taken together, the three previously published issues had received over 109,814 total abstract views, giving an average of 4,393 views per article. Total article downloads across the three issues are 38,379, giving an average article download of 1,535. This demonstrates the vitality of the audience interested in, researching, and practicing philosophy in their classrooms with students of all ages. We thank you for your continued support of the JPS and encourage you to continue to spread the word.

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