scholarly journals Evaluation of Net Energy Expenditures of Dairy Cows According to Body Weight Changes over a Full Lactation

2006 ◽  
Vol 89 (5) ◽  
pp. 1546-1557 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L. Ellis ◽  
F. Qiao ◽  
J.P. Cant
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Body Weight Changes ◽  
Energy Expenditures

Maintenance rations for Merino sheep. 1. A comparative study of daily and weekly feeding on rations containing high proportions of wheat and several proportions of roughage to concentrate

1952 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 168 ◽  
Author(s):  
MC Franklin ◽  
PB Sutton
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Practical Importance ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Experimental Diet ◽  
Body Weight Changes ◽  
Merino Sheep ◽  
Calcium Phosphorus ◽  
Regain Of Weight ◽  
Subsequent Improvement

Groups of full-mouthed Merino wethers were given 4.25 lb. starch equivalent (4,550 calories of net energy) per sheep per week, to maintain a low to moderate store condition of 75 lb. body weight, on each of four rations, namely 50:50, 30:60, 20:80, and 10:90 mixtures of wheaten chaff and wheat. Finely-ground limestone was added to these rations to correct calcium phosphorus imbalance. The groups were paired, one of each pair being given the food once a week and the other being given it in daily portions. The weekly-fed groups were brought on to this regime during a preparatory period of 77 days during which they were fed at intervals which were gradually increased from 3 to 7 days. The surviving sheep in the daily-fed groups maintained their mean body weight and general condition as well as did those in the weekly-fed groups but at the end of the experiment the range in body weight in the daily-fed groups was greater: 41.9 per cent. of the daily-fed animals gained in weight during the period of 344 days, whereas only 14.2 per cent. of the weekly-fed animals did so. This difference was due largely to differences in rate of food consumption. The rate of consumption of the food by the daily-fed groups increased during the progress of the experiment. The sheep receiving the larger amounts of roughage took longer to consume the daily ration. The sheep in the weekly-fed groups ate the week's ration in 4 – 4½ days and occasionally took half a day longer. The death rate in the daily-fed groups was 30.2 per cent, compared with 11.8 per cent. in the meekly-fed group. The deaths occurred mainly (72 per cent.) in the sheep which had lost 40 per cent. or more of their initial body weight. Mean wool production from the daily-fed sheep ranged from 6.73 lb. to 6.94 lb. per sheep, and from the weekly-fed groups from 7.19 lb. to 7.57 lb. Regain of body weight after the termination of the experiment on the low diet was studied. Groups which were retained in pens and fed ad lib. gained steadily in weight and maintained a considerable lead over those which had been turned out to graze. In a group of sheep at pasture there was a close positive correlation between the loss suffered in body weight on the experimental low diet and the subsequent improvement at pasture. The rate and magnitude of subsequent regain of weight were not influenced by the proportion of roughage in the experimental diet or by the origin of the sheep from the daily-fed and weekly-fed groups. An inverse relationship between atmospheric temperatures and body-weight changes was observed. The experiments showed that daily feeding of the sheep at levels sufficient for survival was less satisfactory than weekly feeding at the same level. The practical importance of the results is discussed briefly.

Pre-lambing supplementation of gadic ewes in western Afghanistan

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45
Author(s):  
I. D. McArthur
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Basic Information ◽  
Selective Feeding ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Body Weight Changes ◽  
Weight Losses ◽  
Sheep Production

SummaryA survey of sheep production was undertaken in rangeland areas of western Afghanistan to provide basic information of ewe body-weight changes throughout the year and on production variables, including mortality and lambing performance. Ewes lost up to 31% of body weight between December and March and mortality over the same period was 7%. On the basis of the results of this survey, an experiment was made to test the effect on lambing performance of pre-lambing supplementation of range-based ewes.Supplementation reduced weight losses in ewes, but the feeding treatments did not produce significant results in terms of lamb birth weights or survival to 10 days. However, there were indications that selective feeding of weak ewes can produce economic benefits, given that the costs of supervising such animals are minimal and the price of grain supplements is low relative to the price of meat.

Anti-COVID-19 measures threaten our healthy body weight: Changes in sleep and external synchronizers of circadian clocks during confinement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis Baquerizo-Sedano ◽  
J.A. Chaquila ◽  
Luis Aguilar ◽  
J.M. Ordovás ◽  
Pedro González-Muniesa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Circadian Clocks ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Body Weight Changes ◽  
Healthy Body Weight ◽  
Healthy Body

scholarly journals Secretogranin II binds to secretogranin III and forms secretory granules with orexin, neuropeptide Y, and POMC

2009 ◽  
Vol 202 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kikuko Hotta ◽  
Masahiro Hosaka ◽  
Atsushi Tanabe ◽  
Toshiyuki Takeuchi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Neuropeptide Y ◽  
Secretory Granules ◽  
Immunohistochemical Analysis ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Body Weight Changes ◽  
Hypothalamic Area ◽  
Double Labeling ◽  
Secretogranin Ii

Functional variations in the secretogranin III (SCG3) gene are associated with susceptibility to obesity. SCG3 forms secretory granules with orexin, melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and POMC in the hypothalamus. In this study, we screened proteins for SCG3-binding activity and identified secretogranin II (SCG2) using a yeast two-hybrid system. Immunoprecipitation revealed that SCG2 interacts with SCG3. In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry indicated that SCG2 was highly expressed in the lateral hypothalamic area, paraventricular nucleus, and arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus. Double-labeling immunohistochemical analysis demonstrated that SCG2 was expressed in orexin-, MCH-, NPY-, and POMC-expressing neurons. SCG2 was also coexpressed with SCG3. Upon introduction into neuroblastoma cells, SCG2 was expressed in the cytosol and formed granule-like structures with SCG3, orexin, NPY, or POMC. SCG3 bound to POMC; however, it did not bind to orexin, MCH, or NPY. By contrast, SCG2 formed aggregates with orexin, MCH, NPY, and POMC. SCG2 may act as a hormone carrier for orexin, MCH, NPY, and POMC by binding with SCG3, which targets proteins to the secretory granules. SCG2 mRNA levels increased along with those of SCG3, orexin, MCH, and NPY after a 24-h fast, suggesting that the SCG2/SCG3 system may respond in an adaptive manner to acute body weight changes. However, this SCG2/SCG3 system appears to be unresponsive to chronic body weight changes, such as diet-induced obesity or obesity in ob/ob mice. We suggest that SCG2, as well as SCG3, may be a potential regulator of food intake based on its capacity to accumulate appetite-related hormones into secretory granules.

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