Re-establishment of alvar plant species in abandoned arable fields on Öland

2008 ◽  
pp. 73-82
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Arable Fields

scholarly journals Plant species richness and composition in the arable land of Kosovo

2009 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 1-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arben Mehmeti ◽  
Adem Demaj ◽  
Rainer Waldhardt
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Arable Land ◽  
Geographic Location ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Management Measures ◽  
Weed Flora ◽  
Arable Fields ◽  
General Regression

This study investigates today's plant species richness and composition in cultivated and recently abandoned arable land of Kosovo. Relationships between these aspects of vegetation and both environmental features and agricultural management measures are studied at the regional and plot scale. In 2006, 432 vegetation relevés with a standard plot size of 25 m 2 were recorded in cultivated fields. In 2007, data collection focussed on 41 plots in arable fields that had been abandoned the year before. With respect to the environment, data analysis accounts for topography, soil base-richness and moisture, and geographic location. As to the management, crops and weed control are considered. A total number of 235 species was documented. In comparison to literature dating back to about 1980, the regional weed flora considerably changed. At the plot scale, today's weed flora of Kosovo is fairly species-poor and species composition is rather uniform between plots. According to General Regression Model analyses, Indicator Species Analyses and Detrended Correspondence Analyses, species richness and composition mainly differ between crops and weed management, with highest mean species richness in recently abandoned and lowest in herbicide-treated maize fields.

scholarly journals New alien plant species recorded in the southern regions of Latvia / Pietiniuose Latvijos rajonuose aptiktos naujos svetimžemės augalų rūšys

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zigmantas Gudžinskas ◽  
Lukas Petrulaitis
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Alien Plants ◽  
Alien Plant Species ◽  
The South ◽  
Alien Plant ◽  
Introduced Plants ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Arable Fields ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Established Species

Abstract Alien plants are one of the most dynamic and rapidly changing components of flora. Many intentionally introduced plants, which formerly were in cultivation only, now are increasingly found escaped and occur in anthropogenic or seminatural habitats. During field investigations in the southern districts of Latvia in 2014-2016, six new alien plant species were recorded: Allium nutans, Hylotelephium spectabile, Solidago ×niederederi, Symphyotrichum dumosum, S. lanceolatum and S. novae-angliae. To date, four species, Allium nutans, Hylotelephium spectabile, Symphyotrichum dumosum and S. novae-angliae, occur as casual aliens in Latvia. Solidago ×niederederi should be ascribed to the group of established species, whereas Symphyotrichum lanceolatum has naturalized and is potentially invasive. Notes on morphology and identification of species as well as characteristics of the recorded populations are discussed. A note on 20 other alien plant species recorded in wastelands, abandoned meadows and unused arable fields in the south-western part of Daugavpils city is also provided.

Crop and soil factors of importance for the distribution of plant species on arable fields in Denmark

2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 61-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Andreasen ◽  
Ib Michael Skovgaard
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Soil Factors ◽  
Arable Fields

scholarly journals On the relationship between farmland biodiversity and land-use intensity in Europe

2008 ◽  
Vol 276 (1658) ◽  
pp. 903-909 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Kleijn ◽  
F Kohler ◽  
A Báldi ◽  
P Batáry ◽  
E.D Concepción ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Land Use Intensity ◽  
N Input ◽  
Arable Fields ◽  
Relative Cover

Worldwide agriculture is one of the main drivers of biodiversity decline. Effective conservation strategies depend on the type of relationship between biodiversity and land-use intensity, but to date the shape of this relationship is unknown. We linked plant species richness with nitrogen (N) input as an indicator of land-use intensity on 130 grasslands and 141 arable fields in six European countries. Using Poisson regression, we found that plant species richness was significantly negatively related to N input on both field types after the effects of confounding environmental factors had been accounted for. Subsequent analyses showed that exponentially declining relationships provided a better fit than linear or unimodal relationships and that this was largely the result of the response of rare species (relative cover less than 1%). Our results indicate that conservation benefits are disproportionally more costly on high-intensity than on low-intensity farmland. For example, reducing N inputs from 75 to 0 and 400 to 60 kg ha −1  yr −1 resulted in about the same estimated species gain for arable plants. Conservation initiatives are most (cost-)effective if they are preferentially implemented in extensively farmed areas that still support high levels of biodiversity.

Population dynamics and host range of Paratylenchus bukowinensis

Nematology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-267
Author(s):  
Jan H. Schmidt ◽  
Judith N. Seeger ◽  
Katharina von Grafenstein ◽  
Jenny Wintzer ◽  
Maria R. Finckh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Host Range ◽  
Host Plant ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Sustainable Management ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Lack Of Information ◽  
Arable Fields ◽  
Plant Nematode ◽  
Plant Families

Summary The plant-parasitic nematode, Paratylenchus bukowinensis, occurs ubiquitously in arable fields. Economic damage has been reported from, among others, cabbage, parsley, and celery, but other crops might be affected as well. Management of P. bukowinensis is difficult. Resistant cultivars are not available and chemical control is prohibited in most European countries. In addition, sustainable management is often hindered by a lack of information regarding the biology and host range of P. bukowinensis. To improve the management of P. bukowinensis in the future, a good understanding of the life cycle and host plant-nematode interactions is required. We investigated the host range, life cycle and natural decline of P. bukowinensis in five glasshouse experiments. A total of 26 plant genotypes comprising 22 plant species from eight plant families were studied. Plant species within the families Brassicaceae and Apiaceae were confirmed as good hosts, while plant species within the families Fabaceae, Asteraceae, Amaryllidaceae, Solanaceae, Amaranthaceae and Poaceae can be considered non-hosts or poor hosts. In roots of good hosts, P. bukowinensis completed its life cycle within 3-4 weeks. In the absence of a host plant, P. bukowinensis declined by 40% within the first 4 weeks, but then remained at this level until the experiment was terminated after 14 weeks. Overall, the host range of P. bukowinensis seems to be smaller than for other species within the genus Paratylenchus, such as P. projectus or P. similis. Control of P. bukowinensis using crop rotation should be feasible by rotating good hosts belonging to the families Brassicaceae and Apiaceae with non-hosts or poor hosts.

Effects of late mowing on plant species richness and seed rain in road verges and adjacent arable fields

2016 ◽  
Vol 232 ◽  
pp. 218-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clémence Chaudron ◽  
Bruno Chauvel ◽  
Francis Isselin-Nondedeu
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Species Richness ◽  
Seed Rain ◽  
Arable Fields ◽  
Road Verges
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