Workshop (Pelatihan) Pembuatan Proposal “Penelitian Quasi Eksperimen” Bagi Guru dan Calon Guru dan Budidaya Ikan Lele bagi Masyarakat Rangka meningkatkan Pendapatan untuk Kesejahteraan di Kel. Mekarsari, Kec. Jatisari, Kab. Karawang, Prov. Jawa Barat

(10pt) The purposes of devotion to the community activities are to develop teacher and teacher candidate ability to create research draft proposals, also Catfish cultivation using biofloc technique. Proposal making workshop activities consist of providing information, practice, and intensive consultation. Catfish cultivation activities consist of cultivation practice, marketing, and simple accountancy record, also evaluation. Based on those activities proposal making workshop was able to improve teacher and teacher candidates ability to create a quasi-experiment proposal final draft. Activity documentation and material were published on the YouTube platform https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogfgRQJUE7w.While catfish cultivation with biofloc technique is able to to improve community income because catfish could be harvested after three months and sold. Catfish cultivation can increase community prosperity in the COVID-19 pandemic because it could produce alternative income through the primary sector (food). Activity documentation was published on the YouTube platform https://m.youtube. com/ watch?v=G542rOJuzrc. Abstrak Kegiatan pengabdian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan guru/ calon guru dalam membuat draft proposal penelitian quasi eksperimen dan pengenalan budidaya lele sistem bioflok. Pelaksanaan workshop pembuatan proposal dilakukan melalui pemberian informasi, praktek dan pendampingan konsultasi yang intensif. Budidaya ikan lele sistem bioflik diaksanakan melalui berbagi pendapat dan praktik budidaya yang diikuti dengan kegiatan pemasaran, pembukuan sederhana, dan evaluasi kegiatan. Berdasarkan hasil pengabdian dapat disimpulkan bahwa workshop/ pelatihan pembuatan proposal penelitian Quasi eksperimen dapat meningkatkan kemampuan guru/ calon guru dalam membuat proposal penelitian. Dokumentasi kegiatan dan QR Code materi pembuatan proposal dapat dilihat pada platform YouTube https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ogfgRQJUE7w. Setelah itu, budidaya ikan lele teknik bioflok dapat meningkatkan pendapatan masyarakat karena dalam waktu + tiga bulan ikan dapat dipanen, dan dijual. Hal ini akan berdampak pada peningkatan kesejahteraan di masa pandemi yang identik dengan tingginya angka PHK. Berdadarkan hal tersebut penghasilan alternatif dapat menjadi solusi menjaga kesejahteraan ekonomi di tengah masa pandemi. Dokumentasi kegiatan dan langkah budidaya lele dapat dilihat pada platform YouTube https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=G542rOJuzrc..

The impact of white grub infestation on sengon plantation and traditional control by local communities

White grub causes severe crop failure in some sengon plantation areas. However, study regarding this pest on sengon plantations is still limited. Therefore, a survey to observe cultivation practice by local farmers in controlling white grub has been carried out in the sengon plantation area. An interview regarding the impact of white grub infestation and its traditional control methods was also carried out with the forest farmers group and the management officer of Perum Perhutani, State-Owned Forest Corporation, to observe the farmer’s knowledge regarding white grubs and their impact on the plantation. In addition, we also carried out sampling to observe the white grub population. The result showed that the average white grub population in the soil was extremely high. The average population was at 20.9 individuals plot−1 (13.6 larvae m2 -1) and dominated by 6-8 cm in length larvae. Therefore, planting failure is expected due to its attack. The local farmer controls applying marang, a rice bowl made of plastic with a small hole on all sides when planting the tree, and collecting white grub larvae during soil tillage, using light trapping. Application of marang was considered to effectively increase the success in planting activity by about 80-90%.

Perceptions paysannes sur les services écosystémiques d’approvisionnement, la vulnérabilité et les stratégies de conservation de Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst en zone soudanienne du Tchad

Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. est une espèce d’arbre à usage multiple des forêts tropicales sèches qui est encore exploitée à l’état sauvage et dont les pratiques sylviculturales ne sont pas documentées. La présente étude avait pour but d’appréhender les perceptions paysannes sur l’importance socio-économique, le niveau de vulnérabilité et la pratique de la culture de cette espèce dans la zone soudanienne du Tchad. L’approche méthodologique a consisté en des enquêtes réalisées auprès de 350 personnes réparties dans 10 villages, ainsi que des observations de terrain. Les résultats ont montré que D. mespiliformis est bien connu des populations locales (100 % des enquêtés) qui en font usage dans six catégories d’usage, avec un large consensus au niveau des utilisations médicinales (Cs = 0,96), alimentaires (Cs = 0,33), dans les constructions (Cs = 0,26) et comme bois d’énergie (Cs = 0,24). Par contre le consensus est resté faible pour l’utilisation dans l’artisanat (Cs = - 0,76) et comme bois d’œuvre (Cs = - 0,83). Selon 80,2 % des répondants, les revenus tirés de l’exploitation de cette ressource contribuent significativement à l’amélioration du bien-être des ménages. En dehors de la cueillette et du ramassage des fruits, toutes les autres méthodes de récolte citées par les répondants (écorçage, prélèvement des racines, effeuillage et abatage) sont destructives, mais seulement 17,7 % des répondants en sont conscients. Une tendance régressive de la dynamique du peuplement de l’espèce est perçue par la majorité (52 %) des répondants. Selon 83,5 % des enquêtés, les habitudes en matière de culture de cette espèce sont rares voire inexistantes, à cause des difficultés de germination des graines, de la rareté des graines et des conditions climatiques défavorables à la réussite du drageonnage. Les répondants dans la quasi-totalité (99 %) se sont déclarés prêts à adopter la pratique de la culture de la plante si les contraintes de régénération sont levées. Les résultats de cette étude indiquent clairement que D. mespiliformis serait une espèce propice à la domestication participative pour l’intensification du système agroforestier dans la zone soudanienne du Tchad. Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst. is a multipurpose tree species from tropical dry forests that is still exploited in the wild and whose silvicultural practices are not documented. The aim of this study was to understand the peasants’ perceptions on the socio-economic importance, the level of vulnerability and the cultivation practice of this species in the Sudanese zone of Chad. The methodological approach consisted of surveys carried out among 350 people in 10 villages, as well as field observations. The results showed that D. mespiliformis is well known to local populations (100% of respondents) who use it in six categories of use, with a broad consensus for use in medicine (Cs = 0.96), food (Cs = 0.33), constructions (Cs = 0.26) and as fuelwood (Cs = 0.24). On the other hand, the consensus remained weak for use in crafts (Cs = - 0.76) and as lumber (Cs = - 0.83). According to 80.2 % of respondents, income from the exploitation of this resource significantly contributes to improving household well-being. Apart from picking and collecting fruit, all other harvesting methods cited by respondents (debarking, root picking, leaf stripping and felling) are destructive, but only 17.7 % of respondents are aware of this. A regressive trend in the population dynamics of the species is perceived by the majority (52 %) of respondents. According to 83.5 % of respondents, the cultivation habits of this species are rare or even non-existent, because of poor seed germination, the scarcity of seeds and climatic conditions unfavorable to the success of suckering. Almost all respondents (99 %) declared themselves ready to adopt the practice of growing the plant if the regeneration constraints are lifted. The results of this study clearly indicate that D. mespiliformis would be an interesting species for participatory domestication for the intensification of the agro-forestry system in the Sudanese zone of Chad.

Moler disease and cultivation practiced by shallot farmers in Brebes Central Java

Shallot is one of the leading commodities for farmers in Brebes, Central Java. Brebes is the largest supplier of Indonesia's national shallot production. This is what makes Brebes famous as a center for shallot production. However, recently farmers have been faced with the attack of pathogens that cause Moler disease, which recently increased their attacks so that certain conditions cause significant yield losses of up to 40%. The relationship between increasing the intensity of moler and cultivation practised by shallot farmers in Brebes is discussed in this text. The research was conducted through a survey by taking seven districts with the Brebes district's highest production area. Five farmers were selected for each speed. The data was excavated from farmers with a questionnaire about the shallot cultivation practice carried out by farmers. The results showed that the cultivation practices carried out by farmers had the potential to increase the intensity of moler disease. The practice that is meant is without crop rotation or varieties, without organic fertilizers, intensive application of fungicide, and balanced fertilization.

Genome-Wide Identification, Expression and Functional Analysis Reveal the Involvement of FCS-Like Zinc Finger Gene Family in Submergence Response in Rice

Background Direct seeding is an efficient rice cultivation practice. However, its application is often limited due to O2 deficiency following submergence, leading to poor seed germination, seedling establishment, and consequently yield loss. Identification of genes associated with tolerance to submergence and understanding their regulatory mechanisms is the fundamental way to address this problem. Unfortunately, the molecular mechanism of rice response to submergence stress is still not well understood. Results Here, we have performed a genome-wide identification of FCS-like zinc finger (FLZ) proteins and assessed their involvement in submergence response in rice. We identified 29 FLZ genes in rice, and the expression analysis revealed that several genes actively responded to submergence stress. Eight OsFLZ proteins interact with SnRK1A. As a case study, we demonstrated that OsFLZ18 interacted with SnRK1A and inhibited the transcriptional activation activity of SnRK1A in modulating the expression of its target gene αAmy3, a positive regulator in rice flooding tolerance. In line with this, OsFLZ18-overexpression lines displayed retarded early seedling growth and shorter coleoptile following submergence. Conclusions These data provide the most comprehensive information of OsFLZ genes in rice, and highlight their roles in rice submergence response.

Natural regeneration of flora in cultivated sandalwood

Sandalwood is now became a component of agro forestry in Karnataka. A field survey was conducted in sandalwood plantation to know the influence of sandalwood and associated cultivation practice on enrichment of plant diversity. Till planting of sandalwood, farmer has followed clean cultivation later allowing the weeds to grow. Sample survey was conducted through grid method. The major biodiversity was contributed by naturally regereated plant species. Seventeen tree species, ten shrub species, five climbers and forty six herbs, mainly belonging to fabaceae, amaranthaceae and poacea were found in the studied plantation indicating positive association of local flora with sandalwood.