scholarly journals Disciplinary law and neurosurgery: a 10-year analysis of cases in the Netherlands

2020 ◽  
Vol 49 (5) ◽  
pp. E9
Author(s):  
Wouter J. Dronkers ◽  
Quirine J. M. A. Amelink ◽  
Dennis R. Buis ◽  
Marike L. D. Broekman ◽  
Jochem K. H. Spoor
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Pediatric Neurosurgery ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Legal Cases ◽  
Intraoperative Care ◽  
Medical Litigation ◽  
Medical Professions ◽  
Nerve Surgery ◽  
Made In

OBJECTIVENeurosurgery is historically seen as a high-risk medical specialty, with a large percentage of neurosurgeons facing complaints during their careers. The Dutch medicolegal system is characterized by a strong emphasis on informal mediation, which can be accompanied or followed by disciplinary actions. To determine if this system is associated with a low overall risk for medical litigation through disciplinary law, the authors conducted a review of disciplinary cases involving neurosurgeons in the Netherlands.METHODSThe authors reviewed legal cases that had been filed against consultant neurosurgeons and neurosurgical residents under the Dutch disciplinary law for medical professions between 2009 and 2019.RESULTSA total of 1322 neurosurgical care–related cases from 2009 to 2019 were reviewed. Fifty-seven (4.3%) cases were filed against neurosurgeons (40 first-instance cases, 17 appeal cases). In total, 123 complaints were filed in the 40 first-instance cases. Most of these cases were related to spine surgery (62.5%), followed by cranial surgery (27.5%), peripheral nerve surgery (7.5%), and pediatric neurosurgery (2.5%). Complaints were filed in all stages of care but were mostly related to preoperative and intraoperative care.CONCLUSIONSThe risk for medically related litigation in neurosurgery in the Netherlands through disciplinary law is low but not negligible. Although the absolute number of cases is low, spinal neurosurgery was found to be a risk factor for complaints. The relatively high number of cases that involved the sharing of information suggests that specific improvements—focusing on communication—can be made in order to lower the risk for future litigation.

scholarly journals A summary and assessment of current 21-cm results concerning spiral and disk structures in our galaxy

1959 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 409-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Oort
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Hydrogen Line ◽  
Galactic System ◽  
Made In

The results of the survey of the galactic system in the hydrogen line made in the Netherlands have been extensively published and have been discussed at the symposium in Manchester and the I.A.U. assembly in Dublin. I shall not enter into a renewed discussion of these, but rather consider what has been added since.

scholarly journals Advances in the use of odour as forensic evidence through optimizing and standardizing instruments and canines

2015 ◽  
Vol 370 (1674) ◽  
pp. 20140262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth G. Furton ◽  
Norma Iris Caraballo ◽  
Michelle M. Cerreta ◽  
Howard K. Holness
Keyword(s):  
Practice Guidelines ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Forensic Evidence ◽  
Legal Cases ◽  
Probative Value ◽  
Best Practice Guidelines ◽  
Discriminating Power ◽  
Volatile Organic ◽  
Made In ◽  
Do So

This paper explores the advances made in identifying trace amounts of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that originate from forensic specimens, such as drugs, explosives, live human scent and the scent of death, as well as the probative value for detecting such odours. The ability to locate and identify the VOCs liberated from or left by forensic substances is of increasing importance to criminal investigations as it can indicate the presence of contraband and/or associate an individual to a particular location or object. Although instruments have improved significantly in recent decades—with sensitivities now rivalling that of biological detectors—it is widely recognized that canines are generally still more superior for the detection of odourants due to their speed, versatility, ruggedness and discriminating power. Through advancements in the detection of VOCs, as well as increased standardization efforts for instruments and canines, the reliability of odour as evidence has continuously improved and is likely to continue to do so. Moreover, several legal cases in which this novel form of evidence has been accepted into US courts of law are discussed. As the development and implementation of best practice guidelines for canines and instruments increase, their reliability in detecting VOCs of interest should continue to improve, expanding the use of odour as an acceptable form of forensic evidence.

scholarly journals Legal Protection Against Violations of the European Convention on Human Rights: Improving (Co-)operation of Strasbourg and Domestic Institutions

1999 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 833-845 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom Barkhuysen ◽  
Michiel L. van Emmerik
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
European Convention ◽  
Domestic Institutions ◽  
International Level ◽  
European Court ◽  
Protection Of Human Rights ◽  
Made In

This contribution deals with legal protection against violations of the European Convention on Human Rights at both the national as well as the international level. The conclusion is that the practice of the European Court of Human Rights is inadequate and that the protection in the Netherlands could be better. Several recommendations are made in order to improve the co-operation between Strasbourg and domestic institutions in the field of the protection of human rights.

Een negentiende-eeuws Gents collegedictaat over het ius publicum Belgicum

2007 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-305
Author(s):  
O. Moorman van Kappen
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Natural Law ◽  
Constitutional Law ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
German Law ◽  
Lecture Notes ◽  
The Law ◽  
Ius Gentium ◽  
Required Courses ◽  
Made In

AbstractThis contribution deals with a manuscript, containing lecture notes made in 1827–1828 by a Ghent student named Callenfels and relating to the lectures on ius publicum universale et Belgicum, given by Jacob Joseph Haus (1796–1881), professor of jurisprudence at Ghent University and native of Würzburg. As the course programme of the law faculties in the southern provinces required courses in natural law as well as in ius publicum and ius gentium, the assumption has been put forward these lectures would be restricted to the ius publicum universale such as lectured in many German law faculties in the 18th century. On further examination of the manuscript under consideration this presumption proves to be wrong. After the first 13 sections, which refer in fact to the ius publicum naturale in an enlightened sense, the remaining 253 sections outline the then positive constitutional law of the Netherlands, mainly on the basis of the Dutch written constitution of 1815.

scholarly journals What are the treatment effects of a work-first participation programme on young unemployed people in the Netherlands?

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Juznik-Rotar
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Average Treatment Effect ◽  
Matching Method ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Independence Assumption ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
Conditional Independence Assumption ◽  
Work First ◽  
Made In

This paper evaluates the effects of the employment programme on young unemployed people in the Netherlands. The effectiveness of the programme is measured by probability of both re-employment and participation within the regular educational system. This evaluation is made in comparison to that of an individual who would continue seeking employment as an openly unemployed person. The effects of the programme are evaluated a year/two years following the start of the programme. We apply a propensity score matching method. The identification of an average treatment effect is based on the conditional independence assumption. The effects on re-employment probability and the probability of participation in the regular educational system are statistically negative, applicable to both long and short-term scenarios.

Literatuur, politiek en recht in Nederland, 1945-1952 : De zuivering van het literaire veld door de Ereraad voor de Letterkunde en de Centrale Ereraad voor de Kunst

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-166
Author(s):  
Ted Laros
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Nazi Germany ◽  
Literary Field ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Central Board ◽  
Made In

Abstract During the occupation of the Netherlands by Nazi Germany, the Dutch literary field was drastically restructured and politicized. Immediately after the liberation, efforts were made to rebuild the field. The first step that was made in the reconstruction, was to purge the field of collaborators. This purge was carried out by the Board of Honour for the Letters and the Central Board of Honour for the Arts. This article investigates just how these Boards contributed to the reconstruction of a(n) (relatively) autonomous literary field in the Netherlands. In doing so, it takes recourse to historical sociological theories regarding the legal and deontological responsibility of the writer.

The Earliest Clarinets

2020 ◽  
pp. 80-111
Author(s):  
Albert R. Rice
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Design Construction ◽  
Made In

The makers, design, construction, and origin of the Baroque clarinet are discussed in this chapter. Two tables list chronologically all extant two- and three-key clarinets by country, and include maker, and city when known, maker’s dates, date of clarinet, number of clarinets, nominal pitch, and collection. There are 36 two-key and 22 three-key clarinets, made in Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Austria, Czech Republic, France, Sweden, and Finland. The earliest documentation for the invention of the clarinet is reviewed, and how and why Johann Christoph Denner improved the chalumeau and invented the clarinet is proposed, on the basis of previous studies of mechanical inventions. Biographies are provided for each clarinet maker when information was found.

Long Term Unemployment: The Case for Policy Reform

1993 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 218-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruce Chapman
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Policy Reform ◽  
Absolute Number ◽  
Green Paper ◽  
The Past ◽  
Subsidy Scheme ◽  
Fundamental Challenge ◽  
Very High ◽  
Made In

Long term unemployment is now Australia's most difficult and costly labour market problem. This paper argues the case for a different policy reorientation to what has been followed in the past. The first conclusion is that in the absence of a substantial reorientation of policy long term unemployment will remain very high, with the absolute number staying above the level inherited from the 1982/83 recession — which was until the current recession the highest in Australian history. Second, the equity and macroefficiency costs of not doing anything radically different are argued to be very high. A final part of the analysis considers the fundamental challenge of the Job Compact policy suggestion made in the Government's Green Paper on unemployment. However, the way in which the policy is to be instituted needs attention. It is likely that the use of the current JOBSTART wage subsidy scheme will not be enough to achieve the desired outcomes.

A new study of woodcuts in the incunabula of the Netherlands

Quaerendo ◽  
1982 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-167
Author(s):  
Ina Kok
Keyword(s):  
The Netherlands ◽  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Library Science ◽  
Low Countries ◽  
Extensive Collection ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Function ◽  
The University ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Made In

AbstractA century ago, in 1882, the art historian William Conway published the chief results of his research into the woodcuts in the incunabula of the Low Countries, in a series of articles in The Bibliographer. Two years later his book The woodcutters of the Netherlands in the fifteenth century appeared. Conway's approach is that of an art historian: he classifies the woodcuts according to their artists and then groups these together in schools. Two general surveys of this area have appeared since Conway, Delen (1924) and Schretlen (1925), both likewise written from the angle of art history. Unlike Conway, however, they make no attempt at completeness, so that even today for an overall view one has to turn to Conway. Despite the progress that has been made in the field of bibliography in our own century and the new discoveries of Netherlandic illustrated incunabula, there has so far been no new study of the subject in bibliographical terms. Work is now in progress on such an investigation at the Department of Book and Library Science at the University of Amsterdam. Besides a census of all woodcuts and the books in which they appear, the project is intended, through a study of the sorts of edition that were illustrated and the association between illustration and text, to gain an insight into the nature and function of the illustrations. Study of the technical aspects of the woodcuts is designed to provide greater insight into the practice of printing with woodcuts in the fifteenth century and the wanderings of the wood blocks from printer to printer. An extensive collection of photographic reproductions of pages with woodcuts has now been brought together, and work has started on preliminary ordering and analysis.

scholarly journals A Delphi developed syllabus for the medical specialty of sport and exercise medicine

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (8) ◽  
pp. 490-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Humphries ◽  
Rod Jaques ◽  
Hendrik Paulus Dijkstra
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Potential Barrier ◽  
Medical Specialty ◽  
Specialist Training ◽  
Exercise Medicine ◽  
Sport And Exercise ◽  
The Uk

Training in the medical specialty of sport and exercise medicine is now available in many, but not all countries. Lack of resources may be a barrier to the development of this important specialty field and the International Syllabus in Sport and Exercise Medicine Group was convened to reduce one potential barrier, the need to develop a syllabus. The group is composed of 17 sport and exercise medicine specialists residing in 12 countries (Australia, Canada, India, Ireland, Malaysia, the Netherlands, Qatar, South Africa, Sweden, Switzerland, the UK and USA). This paper presents the first phase of this project covering the domains and general learning areas of a specialist training syllabus in sport and exercise medicine.

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