Treatment of nontraumatic atlantoaxial dislocation and fibrous fusion

1982 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
John T. Lucas ◽  
Gordon D. Hungerford ◽  
Phanor L. Perot
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Acute Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Atlantoaxial Dislocation ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors describe a case of nontraumatic atlantoaxial dislocation secondary to acute rheumatic fever, in which there appeared to be fibrous fusion between the axis and the atlas in the subluxed position. The dislocation was reduced by means of combined traction and steroid therapy. Fibrous fusion occurred in the realigned position after immobilization.

Atlanto-axial dislocation in acute rheumatic fever

1987 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 286-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph M. Bicknell ◽  
Wolff M. Kirsch ◽  
Robert Seigel ◽  
William Orrison
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Spine ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Sore Throat ◽  
Acute Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Halo Vest ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Dislocation Reduction ◽  
Atlanto Axial Joint ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A 10-year-old boy had a sore throat, followed in 4 weeks by acute rheumatic fever and in 6 weeks by atlanto-axial dislocation. Reduction of the dislocation by means of a halo vest relieved his pain, but the cervical spine remained unstable after 3 months of immobilization and required an occiput-C1–2 fusion and rib graft to stabilize the atlanto-axial joint. This is the eighth reported case of atlanto-axial dislocation associated with acute rheumatic fever. The features of previous cases are summarized and the clinical aspects, mechanisms, diagnosis, and treatment of atlanto-axial dislocation are reviewed.

Infection-related spontaneous atlantoaxial dislocation in an adult

1988 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Craig Clark ◽  
Michael Coscia ◽  
James D. Acker ◽  
Keith Wainscott ◽  
James T. Robertson
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Conservative Therapy ◽  
Atlantoaxial Dislocation ◽  
Atlantoaxial Subluxation ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotic ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fusion Procedure ◽  
The Third ◽  
Intravenous Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Fine Print

✓ This paper reports the third described case of infection-related atlantoaxial subluxation in an adult. Like most of the similar cases seen in the pediatric literature, this case was associated with a parapharyngeal β-hemolytic streptococcal abscess. Based upon this experience, the authors advocate intravenous antibiotic therapy and 1) immediate reduction followed by application of a halo brace; 2) immobilization in a halo brace for at least 3 months; and 3) a C1–2 wiring and fusion procedure for patients who fail this trial of conservative therapy.

Steroid-induced remission in spinal canal reticulum cell sarcoma

1975 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 346-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick R. R. Clarke ◽  
Michael Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Guillain Barre Syndrome ◽  
Reticulum Cell ◽  
Reticulum Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Case Histories ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Guillain Barré ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors record the case histories of two patients originally diagnosed as having the Guillain-Barré syndrome, who responded to steroid therapy and were subsequently shown to have reticulum cell sarcomas. The dangers of attaching significance to steroid-induced remissions are stressed.

Posterior atlantoaxial dislocation without fracture

2003 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Heum Yoon ◽  
Kook Hee Yang ◽  
Keung Nyun Kim ◽  
Sung Han Oh
Keyword(s):  
Successful Treatment ◽  
Open Reduction ◽  
Screw Fixation ◽  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Atlantoaxial Dislocation ◽  
Posterior Dislocation ◽  
Transarticular Screw ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Transarticular Screw Fixation ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Posterior dislocation of the atlas onto the axis without related fracture of the odontoid process is a very rare traumatic condition of which five cases have been previously reported. The authors present a sixth case in which management was different from the others. The patient was successfully treated by open reduction of the dislocation and C1–2 transarticular screw fixation. The rarity of the lesion, the differences in diagnostic studies, and the successful treatment by safe intraoperative reduction and fixation are factors of interest in this case.

Tolosa-Hunt syndrome: one cause of painful ophthalmoplegia

1976 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 544-549 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Collagen Disease ◽  
Unknown Etiology ◽  
Steroid Resistant ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Surgical Exploration ◽  
Painful Ophthalmoplegia ◽  
Hunt Syndrome ◽  
Disease Specific ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The author reports 12 cases of Tolosa-Hunt syndrome, a benign steroid-resistant cryptogenic granuloma that presents as painful ophthalmoplegia. This syndrome is differentiated from other causes of painful ophthalmoplegia including tumors, aneurysms, collagen disease, specific infections, mucoceles, and benign granulomas of unknown etiology. These other conditions should be excluded by appropriate tests. Surgical exploration is not necessary if there is a prompt remission on steroid therapy.

scholarly journals M-Protein Analysis of Streptococcus pyogenes Isolates Associated with Acute Rheumatic Fever in New Zealand

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (11) ◽  
pp. 3618-3620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deborah A. Williamson ◽  
Pierre R. Smeesters ◽  
Andrew C. Steer ◽  
John D. Steemson ◽  
Adrian C. H. Ng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Streptococcus Pyogenes ◽  
Acute Rheumatic Fever ◽  
Skin Infection ◽  
Protein Analysis ◽  
M Protein ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Typing System ◽  
Group A

We applied anemmcluster typing system to group AStreptococcusstrains in New Zealand, including those associated with acute rheumatic fever (ARF). We observed few so-called rheumatogenicemmtypes but found a high proportion ofemmtypes previously associated with pyoderma, further suggesting a role for skin infection in ARF.

Neoplastic angioendotheliosis: a clinicopathological entity with multifocal presentation

1981 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-415 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Ansbacher ◽  
Nancy Low ◽  
David Beck ◽  
David Boarini ◽  
Charles Jacoby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Therapeutic Intervention ◽  
Course Of Disease ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Neoplastic Angioendotheliosis ◽  
Brain And Spinal Cord ◽  
Fibrin Thrombi ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Neoplastic angioendotheliosis is a rare disorder characterized by intravascular neoplastic proliferation of endothelial cells within vessels of all caliber in the meninges and neuropil. Ischemic infarcts of brain and spinal cord result from occlusion of the lumina by neoplastic cells or fibrin thrombi. Transition from reactive to neoplastic endothelium can be identified in many vessels. Steroid therapy can be beneficial in reduction of severity of symptoms, but cannot alter the course of disease. Therapeutic intervention must be undertaken promptly after the diagnosis is confirmed by meningeal and cortical biopsy if the inexorable course of the disease is to be altered.

Aseptic meningitis following posterior fossa surgery in children

1974 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter W. Carmel ◽  
Richard A. R. Fraser ◽  
Bennett M. Stein
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Posterior Fossa ◽  
Aseptic Meningitis ◽  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
High Protein ◽  
Posterior Fossa Surgery ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Suboccipital Craniectomy ◽  
Postoperative Hydrocephalus ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The results of suboccipital craniectomy for varying types of posterior fossa pathology in 50 children are reported. Thirty-five (70%) experienced aseptic meningitis postoperatively, with spiking fever and meningismus; cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) studies revealed pleocytosis, high protein values, and depression of glucose. The absence of bacterial pathogens in serial CSF cultures distinguishes this syndrome from septic meningitis. Aseptic meningitis does not respond to antibiotics, but steroids in suitable doses will modify or suppress the clinical and CSF picture. This syndrome may predispose to postoperative hydrocephalus, but steroid therapy may diminish this risk.

Type I fractures of the odontoid process: implications for atlanto-occipital instability

1990 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric W. Scott ◽  
Regis W. Haid ◽  
David Peace
Keyword(s):  
English Literature ◽  
Odontoid Process ◽  
Odontoid Fracture ◽  
Atlantoaxial Dislocation ◽  
Type I ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Radiographic Features ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Only four cases of Type I odontoid fracture have been previously described in the English literature. Most authors consider this lesion to be stable, although the mechanism(s) of injury has not been clearly elucidated. A case of Type I odontoid fracture in association with atlanto-occipital and atlantoaxial dislocation resulting in death is presented. The normal ligamentous anatomy is reviewed and proposed mechanisms for this injury are discussed. The radiographic features of all reported cases of this type are reviewed. It is proposed that the Type I odontoid fracture is a likely manifestation of atlanto-occipital instability and rarely occurs as an isolated or stable injury.

Effects of steroids and nonsteroid anti-inflammatory agents on vascular permeability in a rat glioma model

1986 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 233-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard R. Reichman ◽  
Catherine L. Farrell ◽  
Rolando F. Del Maestro
Keyword(s):  
Brain Tumors ◽  
Steroid Therapy ◽  
Evans Blue ◽  
Blue Staining ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Evans Blue Dye ◽  
Protein Extravasation ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Cerebral edema produced by brain tumors is clinically and experimentally reduced by steroid therapy. Nonsteroid anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID's) which have been used to treat non-neural inflammation and swelling have not been evaluated for their ability to affect edema produced by brain tumors. The authors have used the rat C6 glioma spheroid implantation model to compare the effects of two steroids (dexamethasone and methylprednisolone) and two NSAID's (ibuprofen and indomethacin) on protein extravasation caused by intracranial gliomas. Evans blue dye was used as a marker for serum albumin extravasation. The concentration of Evans blue dye was measured in the tumor and peritumoral and contralateral brain tissue 1 hour after intravenous injection. Extravasation of Evans blue dye within the tumor was decreased in all treatment groups when compared to placebo-injected control animals. The differences between the control specimens and those treated with dexamethasone, methylprednisolone, and indomethacin were highly significant (p < 0.005). The Evans blue staining was also decreased in the peritumoral and contralateral brain. These results indicate that NSAID's compare favorably with steroids in diminishing tumor-induced protein extravasation. It is suggested that NSAID's may prove to be beneficial in clinical instances used either in conjunction with steroid therapy or alone when steroids are contraindicated.

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