Updated assessment and current classification of spinal meningeal cysts

1988 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael W. Nabors ◽  
T. Glenn Pait ◽  
Edward B. Byrd ◽  
Najmaldin O. Karim ◽  
David O. Davis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Type I ◽  
Spinal Nerve Root ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spinal Meningeal Cysts ◽  
Spinal Nerve Root Fibers ◽  
Meningeal Cysts

✓ The classification of spinal meningeal cysts (MC's) in the literature is indistinct, confusing, and in certain categories histologically misleading. Based on a series of 22 cases, the authors propose a classification comprising three categories: spinal extradural MC's without spinal nerve root fibers (Type I); spinal extradural MC's with spinal nerve root fibers (Type II); and spinal intradural MC's (Type III). Although water-soluble myelography may disclose a filling defect for all three categories, computerized tomographic myelography (CTM) is essential to reveal communication between the cyst and the subarachnoid space. Communication demonstrated by CTM allows accurate diagnosis of a spinal MC and rules out other mass lesions. Magnetic resonance imaging appears useful as an initial study to identify an intraspinal cystic mass. Final characterization is based on operative inspection and histological examination for all three categories.

scholarly journals Reconstruction of nerve root sheaths for sacral extradural spinal meningeal cysts with spinal nerve root fibers

2013 ◽  
Vol 56 (11) ◽  
pp. 1007-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
JianJun Sun ◽  
ZhenYu Wang ◽  
ZhenDong Li ◽  
HaiBo Wu ◽  
RuYu Yen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Spinal Nerve Root ◽  
Spinal Meningeal Cysts ◽  
Spinal Nerve Root Fibers ◽  
Meningeal Cysts

Neck transfixion for sacral extradural spinal meningeal cysts without spinal nerve root fibers

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 1945-1952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-jun Sun ◽  
Zhen-yu Wang ◽  
Bin Liu ◽  
Zhen-dong Li ◽  
Hai-bo Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Spinal Nerve Root ◽  
Spinal Meningeal Cysts ◽  
Spinal Nerve Root Fibers ◽  
Meningeal Cysts

Rapidly progressive paraplegia due to an extradural lumbar meningocele mimicking a cyst

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingo Fiss ◽  
Marco Danne ◽  
Christian Hartmann ◽  
Mario Brock ◽  
Ruediger Stendel
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Space ◽  
Complete Removal ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Pressure Effects ◽  
Local Pressure ◽  
Scheuermann Disease ◽  
Type Ia ◽  
Spinal Meningeal Cysts ◽  
Meningeal Cysts

✓Unlike arachnoid meningoceles, arachnoid cysts frequently cause local pressure effects probably because there is no free communication between the cyst and the subarachnoid space. Following the first detailed description of cystic lesions of spinal nerve roots by Tarlov in 1938, a simplified classification of spinal meningeal cysts was developed in 1988, containing three major categories. The authors report on a lumbar intraspinal extradural meningocele that caused incomplete paraplegia in an otherwise healthy 31-year-old man in whom magnetic resonance imaging revealed stigmata of Scheuermann disease. Intraoperatively, the lesion was classified as a transitional-type lesion, in accordance with Type IA of the Nabors classification, because a communication with the subarachnoid space was observed. After complete removal of the meningocele, the patient's recovery was prompt and complete.

Mechanisms of cervical nerve root avulsion in injuries of the neck and shoulder

1974 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 705-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sydney Sunderland
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Spinal Nerve Root ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Cervical Nerve Root ◽  
Cervical Nerve ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nerve Root Avulsion ◽  
New Interpretation ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The author reviews the mechanisms of traumatic spinal nerve root avulsion and proposes a new interpretation.

scholarly journals Nerve transfer in brachial plexus traction injuries

1992 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Miroslav Samardzic ◽  
Danica Grujicic ◽  
Vaso Antunovic
Keyword(s):  
Brachial Plexus ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Nerve Transfer ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Spinal Nerve Root ◽  
Root Avulsion ◽  
Brachial Plexus Palsy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spinal Accessory ◽  
Nerve Root Avulsion

✓ Brachial plexus palsy due to traction injury, especially spinal nerve-root avulsion, represents a severe handicap for the patient. Despite recent progress in diagnosis and microsurgical repair, the prognosis in such cases remains unfavorable. Nerve transfer is the only possibility for repair in cases of spinal nerve-root avulsion. This technique was analyzed in 37 patients with 64 reinnervation procedures of the musculocutaneous and/or axillary nerve using upper intercostal, spinal accessory, and regional nerves as donors. The most favorable results, with an 83.8% overall rate of useful functional recovery, were obtained in patients with upper brachial plexus palsy in which regional donor nerves, such as the medial pectoral, thoracodorsal, long thoracic, and subscapular nerves, had been used. The overall rates of recovery for the spinal accessory and upper intercostal nerves were 64.3% and 55.5%, respectively, which are significantly lower. The authors evaluate the results of nerve transfer and analyze different donor nerves as factors influencing the prognosis of surgical repair.

Melanoma arising in a spinal nerve root

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (6) ◽  
pp. 923-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Schneider ◽  
J. Bob Blacklock ◽  
Janet M. Bruner
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Primary Melanoma ◽  
Clear Cell Sarcoma ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽  
Spinal Nerve Root ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Pigmented Lesions ◽  
Lumbar Nerve Root ◽  
Malignant Lesions

✓ Melanotic neoplasms of the spinal nerve root are rare but well-documented occurrences. The authors report the case of a 68-year-old woman with a malignant melanotic neoplasm containing premelanosomes and melanosomes and lacking a basal lamina. This tumor was found in a lumbar nerve root and is believed to represent an instance of a primary melanoma arising in a spinal nerve root. The differential diagnosis of pigmented lesions of spinal nerve root includes melanoma, pigmented nerve sheath tumor, blue nevus, melanotic clear-cell sarcoma, and meningeal melanocytoma. Surgeons should be aware of the potential for encountering unexpected malignant lesions involving spinal nerve roots.

Pilocytic astrocytoma of a spinal nerve root

2002 ◽  
Vol 97 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Robert Philipson ◽  
Jake Timothy ◽  
Aruna Chakrobarthy ◽  
Gerry Towns
Keyword(s):  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Nerve Root ◽  
Residual Tumor ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Spinal Nerve Root ◽  
Content Type ◽  
First Case ◽  
Fine Print

✓ A case of pilocytic astrocytoma involving a spinal nerve root is reported. A 39-year-old woman presented with a 1-year history of progressive pain and numbness, predominantly in the S-1 dermatome. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed an intradural lesion at the tip of the conus medullaris. The intradural tumor was excised as was the sacrificed nerve root. Histological examination showed a pilocytic astrocytoma in which there were unusual features of calcification and ossification. At 3-year follow-up review MR imaging demonstrated no residual tumor. To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of a primary pilocytic astrocytoma, a tumor typically of central nervous system origin, arising from a spinal nerve root.

Hemangioma of spinal nerve root

1999 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federico Roncaroli ◽  
Bernd W. Scheithauer ◽  
William E. Krauss
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Cauda Equina ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Capillary Hemangioma ◽  
Spinal Nerve Root ◽  
Spinal Nerve Roots ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

Object. Hemangiomas of the spinal nerve roots are rare. Only 12 cases have been reported in the literature, all since 1965. These lesions occurred in adults, primarily in males, and were located in the cauda equina. Of the 12 lesions, eight were cavernous hemangiomas. The authors report here the clinicopathological features of 10 cases of hemangioma of the spinal nerve root, nine of which were of the capillary type. Methods. The group included six men and four women who ranged in age from 40 to 62 years. The majority of patients presented with pain and weakness. One patient also experienced worsening of pain during menses. In all cases, gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging or computerized tomography myelography demonstrated a discrete intraspinal extramedullary mass. Administration of contrast agent resulted in uniform, intense enhancement. A gross-total resection was achieved in all but one case; in most cases, it was necessary to sacrifice the parent nerve root. Preoperative symptoms and signs improved in nine cases. On histological examination, all but one tumor, a spindle-cell hemangioendothelioma, were shown to be ordinary capillary hemangiomas. Two lesions exhibited a cavernous component, and five showed a partly solid growth pattern resembling juvenile capillary hemangioma. In all cases, the relationship with the nerve root was histologically confirmed. The tumor—nerve relation varied. The intact nerve was displaced by the epineurial mass in three cases. The fascicles appeared separated in six cases, and individual nerve fibers were seen throughout one lesion with endoneurial involvement. Conclusions. Hemangiomas of spinal nerve roots pose a challenging diagnostic problem. Knowledge of their existence is relevant in that they may mimic tumors and are amenable to surgical treatment.

Lumbosacral intersegmental epispinal axons and ectopic ventral nerve rootlets

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley W. Parke ◽  
Ryo Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Root ◽  
Sensory Nerve ◽  
Conus Medullaris ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Ventral Horn ◽  
Spinal Nerve Roots ◽  
Nerve Roots ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Almost All

✓ An epispinal system of motor axons virtually covers the ventral and lateral funiculi of the human conus medullaris between the L-2 and S-2 levels. These nerve fibers apparently arise from motor cells of the ventral horn nuclei and join spinal nerve roots caudal to their level of origin. In all observed spinal cords, many of these axons converged at the cord surface and formed an irregular group of ectopic rootlets that could be visually traced to join conventional spinal nerve roots at one to several segments inferior to their original segmental level; occasional rootlets joined a dorsal nerve root. As almost all previous reports of nerve root interconnections involved only the dorsal roots and have been cited to explain a lack of an absolute segmental sensory nerve distribution, it is believed that these intersegmental motor fibers may similarly explain a more diffuse efferent distribution than has previously been suspected.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document