Involution of diencephalic pilocytic astrocytoma after partial resection

2000 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 484-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal B. Balkhoyor ◽  
Mark Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Optic Chiasm ◽  
Partial Resection ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Spontaneous Involution ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Spontaneous involution of pilocytic astrocytoma has been reported in children, particularly in those with neurofibromatosis Type 1. However, this rare occurrence has not been documented in adults. In this report the authors describe two cases of adults with pilocytic astrocytoma. One patient had a tumor in the thalamus and the other in the hypothalamus and optic chiasm; both patients underwent partial resection of the tumor. The initial magnetic resonance (MR) images demonstrated reduction in size of the tumors, and subsequent MR images obtained several months later revealed marked further involution with reduction in size and enhancement. The possible mechanisms for this uncommon occurrence are discussed.

Establishment and characterization of a novel malignant astrocytoma cell line derived from a tumor removed in a patient with neurofibromatosis Type 1

2001 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanori Kurimoto ◽  
Yutaka Hirashima ◽  
Tsuneaki Ogiichi ◽  
Hideo Hamada ◽  
Hironaga Kamiyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 ◽  
Proliferative Activity ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Malignant Astrocytoma ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Astrocytoma Cell Line ◽  
Astrocytoma Cell ◽  
Fine Print

Object. Patients with neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1) have a predisposition to development of a variety of benign and malignant tumors including neurofibromas, astrocytomas, pheochromocytomas, and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors. The availability of an astrocytoma cell line derived from NF1 would be useful in studies in which sporadic astrocytomas could be compared with NF1-derived astrocytomas. In this article the authors describe a novel astrocytoma cell line, TM-31, that they established from a tumor removed in a 42-year-old woman with NF1. Methods. The TM-31 cell line was prepared from a surgical specimen of malignant astrocytoma and was serially subcultured over 250 times throughout a 6-year period without showing any sign of cell senescence. Immunocytochemical analyses demonstrated that TM-31 cells are negative for glial fibrillary acidic protein but positive for vimentin and S-100 protein. The TM-31 cells display little neurofibromin expression when subjected to immunoblotting, indicating that there is an NF1 gene mutation. Polymerase chain reaction—single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis revealed that TM-31 cells harbor a p53 point mutation in exon 7, codon 238. Chemosensitivity testing of TM-31 cells revealed a resistance to 1-(4-amino-2-methyl-5-pyrimidinyl)methyl-3-(2-chloroethyl)-3-nitrosourea, although they are sensitive to cisplatin and etoposide. In addition, TM-31 cells displayed no morphological differentiation after all-transretinoic acid and dibutyryl cyclic adenosine monophosphate treatments. Pharmacological inhibition of farnesyltransferase of the Ras oncoprotein led to decreased proliferative activity and inhibition of anchorage-independent growth of TM-31 cells in soft agar. Conclusions. The TM-31 cell line is an immortalized astrocytoma cell line derived from a tumor obtained in a patient with NF1. Ras activation may be the major event of proliferative activity and of the transformed phenotype of TM-31 cells, and the farnesyltransferase inhibitor may be potentially important as a novel antiproliferative therapy for NF1-derived astrocytomas.

Spontaneous Involution of Pilocytic Astrocytoma in a Patient without Neurofibromatosis Type 1: Case Report

Radiology ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 214 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Massimo Gallucci ◽  
Alessia Catalucci ◽  
Bernd W. Scheithauer ◽  
Glenn S. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Spontaneous Involution

Benign spinal nerve sheath tumors: their occurrence sporadically and in neurofibromatosis types 1 and 2

1991 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea L. Halliday ◽  
Raymond A. Sobel ◽  
Robert L. Martuza
Keyword(s):  
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Spinal Nerve ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type 2 ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Benign spinal nerve sheath tumors (neurofibromas and schwannomas) often occur on dorsal nerve roots sporadically or in neurofibromatosis types 1 and 2. These are histologically benign tumors, and distinction between them is frequently not made by clinicians. To determine if there is a correlation between the histological pattern of benign spinal nerve sheath tumors and the type of neurofibromatosis, the clinical and pathological features of these tumors (86 surgical specimens and five autopsies) in 68 patients were reviewed. The patients were classified into one of four categories: neurofibromatosis type 1, neurofibromatosis type 2, uncertain, or sporadic. The diagnostic criteria used for neurofibromatosis types 1 and 2 were established by the National Institutes of Health. Patients who did not fulfill criteria for either neurofibromatosis type 1 or 2 but who had multiple nervous system tumors or other stigmata of neurofibromatosis were designated “uncertain.” Spinal nerve sheath tumors were considered sporadic in 42 cases (40 schwannomas and two neurofibromas). In the 14 patients with neurofibromatosis type 1, all spinal nerve sheath tumors were neurofibromas. In six of the seven patients with neurofibromatosis type 2, all spinal nerve sheath tumors were schwannomas. One patient with neurofibromatosis type 2 had a spinal nerve sheath schwannoma and a tumor with features of both tumor types. The authors conclude that spinal nerve sheath tumors in patients with neurofibromatosis type 1 are neurofibromas. In contrast, spinal nerve sheath tumors occurring in neurofibromatosis type 2 or sporadically are most frequently schwannomas. The distinct histological features of these tumors may reflect different pathogenetic mechanisms even though they arise at identical sites in neurofibromatosis types 1 and 2.

Multicentric pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma in a patient with neurofibromatosis Type 1

2005 ◽  
Vol 102 (2) ◽  
pp. 376-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephan Saikali ◽  
Anne Le Strat ◽  
Anne Heckly ◽  
Nathalie Stock ◽  
Jean-Marie Scarabin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Pleomorphic Xanthoastrocytoma ◽  
Precursor Cells ◽  
Cerebellar Tumor ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors report an unusual case of multicentric pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (PXA) in a 36-year-old woman with neurofibromatosis Type 1 (NF1). Both lesions were diagnosed as PXA but demonstrated different neuroimaging features and very different outcomes. Although the occipital lesion was cured surgically, the cerebellar tumor recurred three times and underwent malignant transformation into an anaplastic oligodendroglioma. The authors discuss the causes of PXA and suggest that it could originate from common bipotential precursor cells with two phenotypes.

Ossifying fibroma of the skull in a patient with neurofibromatosis type 1

1996 ◽  
Vol 85 (5) ◽  
pp. 941-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martino Ruggieri ◽  
Vito Pavone ◽  
Alessandra Tiné ◽  
Agata Polizzi ◽  
Gaetano Magro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurofibromatosis Type 1 ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Ossifying Fibroma ◽  
Skeletal System ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Primary Bone Tumor ◽  
Primary Bone ◽  
Bone Abnormalities ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Ossifying fibroma is a rare, benign, primary bone tumor that occurs most commonly in the mandible; a cranial vault location is extremely rare. In this report a case of symptomatic frontoparietotemporal ossifying fibroma with intracranial growth and cerebral displacement in a 12-year-old boy with neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is described. Once excised the lesion did not recur. The skeletal system is frequently affected in NF1, and bone abnormalities are present in 50% to 70% of patients with this condition. The etiology of such lesions in NF1 is still controversal. To the authors' knowledge, ossifying fibromas of calvarial bones have not been described in NF1.

Evaluation of gamma thalamotomy for parkinsonian and other tremors: survival of neurons adjacent to the thalamic lesion after gamma thalamotomy

2000 ◽  
Vol 93 (supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 120-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chihiro Ohye ◽  
Tohru Shibazaki ◽  
Junji Ishihara ◽  
Jie Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Reaction ◽  
Vascular Lesions ◽  
Thalamic Lesion ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Unsatisfactory Result ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rhythmic Discharge ◽  
Latent Interval ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The effects of gamma thalamotomy for parkinsonian and other kinds of tremor were evaluated. Methods. Thirty-six thalamotomies were performed in 31 patients by using a 4-mm collimator. The maximum dose was 150 Gy in the initial six cases, which was reduced to 130 Gy thereafter. The longest follow-up period was 6 years. The target was determined on T2-weighted and proton magnetic resonance (MR) images. The point chosen was in the lateral-most part of the thalamic ventralis intermedius nucleus. This is in keeping with open thalamotomy as practiced at the authors' institution. In 15 cases, gamma thalamotomy was the first surgical procedure. In other cases, previous therapeutic or vascular lesions were visible to facilitate targeting. Two types of tissue reaction were onserved on MR imaging: a simple oval shape and a complex irregular shape. Neither of these changes affected the clinical course. In the majority of cases, the tremor subsided after a latent interval of approximately 1 year after irradiation. The earliest response was demonstrated at 3 months. In five cases the tremor remained. In four of these cases, a second radiation session was administered. One of these four patients as well as another patient with an unsatisfactory result underwent open thalamotomy with microrecording. In both cases, depth recording adjacent to the necrotic area revealed normal neuronal activity, including the rhythmic discharge of tremor. Minor coagulation was performed and resulted in immediate and complete arrest of the remaining tremor. Conclusions. Gamma thalamotomy for Parkinson's disease seems to be an alternative useful method in selected cases.

Malignant transformation in benign cerebellar astrocytoma

1978 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 111-118 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Kleinman ◽  
William C. Schoene ◽  
Thomas M. Walshe ◽  
Edward P. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Transformation ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Partial Removal ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cerebellar Astrocytoma ◽  
Juvenile Pilocytic Astrocytoma ◽  
Pilocytic Astrocytomas ◽  
Infiltrative Growth Pattern ◽  
Fine Print

✓ The authors give follow-up information on Case 59 of Cushing's 1931 series of cerebellar astrocytomas. The patient died with a malignant cerebellar astrocytoma 48 years after partial removal of a previously benign astrocytoma at the same site. Including the present one, there have been only five reported cases in which this has occurred. Ordinarily, juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas are of extremely benign character, and it is well established that even with incomplete resections patients have survived for years without progression of the tumor. Not all of the cases so reported can be wholly accepted as representing malignant transformation of the tumor, but may instead be instances of recurrence of an inherently benign glioma since the presence of features such as endothelial hyperplasia or nuclear atypicality in a juvenile pilocytic astrocytoma does not warrant its being classified as malignant. Features truly suggestive of malignancy are hypercellularity, frequent mitoses, necrosis, and, in some instances, a diffusely infiltrative growth pattern; all of these features were found in the present case.

Villonodular synovitis in the spinal canal

1980 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 846-848 ◽  
Author(s):  
George M. Kleinman ◽  
T. Forcht Dagi ◽  
Charles E. Poletti
Keyword(s):  
Giant Cell Tumor ◽  
Spinal Canal ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Villonodular Synovitis ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Multinucleated Giant Cells ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Synovial Tissues ◽  
Fine Print

✓ Villonodular synovitis is believed to be an inflammatory, proliferative reaction of synovial tissues. The case of a 65-year-old woman with a cervical epidural mass is presented in which histological examination showed that the lesion was villonodular synovitis, an extremely rare occurrence. Because of its cellularity and occasional multinucleated giant cells, villonodular synovitis may be confused with metastatic malignancies or giant-cell tumor of bone.

Accelerated spondylotic changes adjacent to the fused segment following central cervical corpectomy: magnetic resonance imaging study evidence

2004 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 2-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vaijayantee Kulkarni ◽  
Vedantam Rajshekhar ◽  
Lakshminarayan Raghuram
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Mr Imaging ◽  
Imaging Study ◽  
Degenerative Changes ◽  
Adjacent Segment ◽  
Mr Images ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

Object. The authors studied whether cervical spine motion segments adjacent to a fused segment exhibit accelerated degenerative changes on short-term follow-up magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Methods. Preoperative and short-term follow-up (mean duration 17.5 months, range 10–48 months) cervical MR images obtained in 44 patients who had undergone one- or two-level corpectomy for cervical spondylotic myelopathy were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively. The motion segment adjacent to the fused segment and a segment remote from the fused segment were evaluated for indentation of the thecal sac, disc height, and sagittal functional diameter of the spinal canal on midsagittal T2-weighted MR images. Thecal sac indentations were classifed as mild, moderate, and severe. New indentations of the thecal sac of varying severity (mild in 17 patients [38.6%], moderate in 10 [22.7%], and severe in six [13.6%]) had developed at the adjacent segments in 33 (75%) of 44 patients. The degenerative changes were seen at the superior level in 11 patients, inferior level in 10 patients, and at both levels in 12 patients and resulted from both anterior and posterior element degeneration in the majority (23 [69.6%]) of patients. The remote segments showed mild thecal sac indentations in seven patients and moderate indentations in two patients (nine [20.5%] of 44). Compared with the changes at the remote segment, the canal size was significantly decreased at the superior adjacent segment by 0.9 mm (p = 0.007). No patient sustained a new neurological deficit due to adjacent-segment changes. Conclusions. On short-term follow-up MR imaging, levels adjacent to the fused segment exhibited more pronounced degenerative changes (compared with remote levels) in 75% of patients who had undergone one- or two-level central corpectomy.

Age at symptom onset and long-term survival in patients with neurofibromatosis Type 2

2003 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 480-483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Goro Otsuka ◽  
Kiyoshi Saito ◽  
Tetsuya Nagatani ◽  
Jun Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Symptom Onset ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type ◽  
Neurofibromatosis Type 2 ◽  
Vestibular Schwannomas ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Fine Print

Object. Neurofibromatosis Type 2 (NF2) is an intractable disorder predisposing to multiple, recurrent tumors of the central nervous system (CNS). To clarify the survival rate and characteristics that predict poor survival, we retrospectively reviewed clinical data in cases of NF2. Methods. From among 283 patients with neurofibromatosis who had been registered in a nationwide study in Japan between 1986 and 1987, 74 patients with bilateral vestibular schwannomas were analyzed. The mean duration of follow up after diagnosis was 121 months (range 2–287 months). Results of a Kaplan—Meier product-limit analysis indicated that overall 5-, 10-, and 20-year patient survival rates following diagnosis of NF2 were 85, 67, and 38%, respectively. Early onset of the initial symptom significantly compromised survival; 5-, 10-, and 20-year survival rates in patients with symptom onset at an age younger than 25 years were 80, 60, and 28%, respectively, whereas in patients with symptom onset at an age of 25 years or older the rates were 100, 87, and 62%, respectively. Patients with small vestibular schwannomas at diagnosis (< 2 cm in diameter) had better rates of survival. Other variables such as sex, additional tumors in the CNS, or dermal abnormalities did not significantly affect survival. Conclusions. This first report of long-term follow-up results concerning the survival of patients with NF2 indicates an adverse effect of early symptom onset.

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