scholarly journals Estimation of Physiological Cost Index as an Energy Expenditure Index using MacGregor’s Equation

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (199) ◽  
pp. 174-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Binaya SJB Rana ◽  
Matiram Pun
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
Walking Test ◽  
Physiological Cost ◽  
Straightforward Method ◽  
Healthy Females ◽  
Expenditure Index

Introduction: Physical activity and energy expenditure can be quantified by measuring heart rate, oxygen uptake and respiratory quotient. The Physiological Cost Index (PCI) proposed by MacGregor is a simple and straightforward method to estimate the energy expenditure index. Here, we aim to estimate the energy expenditure among young Asian population using MacGregor’s equation.  Methods: A total of 50 young randomly selected healthy females performed 50m, 100m and 150m walking test at their self-selected preferred speed. The physiological cost index values for 100 m walk at speeds slower and faster than the preferred speed were also obtained. The physiological cost index during exercise was calculated using MacGregor’s equation considering heart rate and speed of walking over the varying distances.  Results: The PCI values on three different distances are consistent during self selected preferred speed. The PCI estimation on second and third tests for all three distances walked consistently reproducible. However for each distance walked, the first test the PCI was significantly higher than the second and third test values. The PCI values increased significantly when subjects walked either slower (p = 0.02) or faster (p = 0.001) than their normal preferred speed.  Conclusion: The physiological cost index values were similar for varying distances walks. The PCI was the least at the preferred speed of walking and increased when the subjects either walked slower or faster than the preferred speed. The first estimation was higher than subsequent estimations.  Keywords: energy expenditure index; exercise; physiological cost index. | PubMed

scholarly journals WHICH IS THE BEST WAY TO PERFORM THE PHYSIOLOGICAL COST INDEX IN ACTIVE INDIVIDUALS WITH UNILATERAL TRANS-TIBIAL AMPUTATION?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefano Brunelli ◽  
Andrea Sancesario ◽  
Marco Iosa ◽  
Anna Sofia Delussu ◽  
Noemi Gentileschi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Energy Cost ◽  
Limb Amputation ◽  
Alternative Measure ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
Physiological Cost ◽  
Fitness Training ◽  
Energy Cost Of Walking

BACKGROUND: Physiological Cost Index (PCI) is a simple method used to estimate energy expenditure during walking. It is based on a ratio between heart rate and self-selected walking speed. Previous studies reported that PCI is reliable in individuals with lower limb amputation but only if there is an important walking impairment. No previous studies have investigated the correlation of PCI with the Energy Cost Walking (ECW) in active individuals with traumatic unilateral trans-tibial amputation, considering that this particular category of amputees has an ECW quite similar to healthy individual without lower limb amputation. Moreover, it is important to determine if PCI is also correlated to ECW in the treadmill test so as to have an alternative to over-ground test. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between PCI and ECW in active individuals with traumatic trans-tibial amputation in different walking conditions. The secondary aim was to evaluate if this correlation permits to determine ECW from PCI values. METHODOLOGY: Ninety traumatic amputees were enrolled. Metabolic data, heart rate and walking speed for the calculation of ECW and for PCI were computed over-ground and on a treadmill with 0% and 12% slopes during a 6-minute walking test. FINDINGS: There is a significant correlation between ECW and PCI walking over-ground (p=0.003; R2=0.10) and on treadmill with 12% slopes (p=0.001; R2=0.11) but there is only a poor to moderate correlation around the trendline. No significant correlation was found walking on treadmill with 0% slope. The Bland-Altman plot analysis suggests that is not possible to evaluate ECW directly from PCI. CONCLUSIONS: PCI is a reliable alternative measure of energy expenditure during walking in active individuals with trans-tibial amputation when performing over-ground or at high intensity effort on treadmill. PCI is therefore useful only for monitoring a within subject assessment. LAYMAN’S ABSTRACT The knowledge of the energy cost of walking in disabled people is important to improve strategies of rehabilitation or fitness training and to develop new prosthetic and orthotic components. The “gold standard” for the evaluation of the energy cost of walking is the oxygen consumption measurement with a metabolimeter, but the testing procedure is expensive and time consuming, hardly practicable in many rehabilitation centers. The Physiological Cost Index (PCI) is an indirect tool that evaluates the oxygen consumption during walking. PCI considers heart rate during walking, in relation to the speed, as an indicator of energy expenditure. The formula is “walking heart rate – resting heart rate /speed”. PCI is widely used in literature but there is not a solid evidence of a direct correlation between PCI and energy cost of walking. In particular, for individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation without comorbidities, no previous studies have been conducted about this correlation. It has to be noticed that individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation have an energy cost of walking quite similar to healthy people. Previous studies reported that in healthy people such correlation does not exist. For this reason, the aim of this study was to evaluate if and in which walking condition a linear correlation exists between PCI and Energy Cost Walking in individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation. Oxygen consumption measurement with a metabolimeter and PCI were computed over-ground and on a treadmill with 0% and 12% slopes during a 6-minute walking test in 90 participants. We have found that PCI is an alternative measure of energy cost of walking when performing over-ground or with high intensity effort on treadmill (12% slope). These findings could be useful when PCI is used for monitoring a fitness training or for evaluation tests. Article PDF Link: https://jps.library.utoronto.ca/index.php/cpoj/article/view/32953/25717 How to Cite: Brunelli S, Sancesario A, Iosa M, Delussu A.S, Gentileschi N, Bonanni C, Foti C, Traballesi M. Which is the best way to perform the Physiological Cost Index in active individuals with unilateral trans-tibial amputation? Canadian Prosthetics & Orthotics Journal. Volume2, Issue1, No.5, 2019. https://doi.org/10.33137/cpoj.v2i1.32953. CORRESPONDING AUTHOR: Dr. Stefano Brunelli,Fondazione Santa Lucia, IRCCS, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy.ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5986-1564Tel. +39 0651501844; Fax +39 0651501919E-MAIL: [email protected]

Energy Expenditure in Playground Games in Primary School Children Measured by Accelerometer and Heart Rate Monitors

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 467-474 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Cañete García-Prieto ◽  
Vicente Martinez-Vizcaino ◽  
Antonio García-Hermoso ◽  
Mairena Sánchez-López ◽  
Natalia Arias-Palencia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
School Children ◽  
Indirect Calorimetry ◽  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Heart Rate Monitors

The aim of this study was to examine the energy expenditure (EE) measured using indirect calorimetry (IC) during playground games and to assess the validity of heart rate (HR) and accelerometry counts as indirect indicators of EE in children´s physical activity games. 32 primary school children (9.9 ± 0.6 years old, 19.8 ± 4.9 kg · m-2 BMI and 37.6 ± 7.2 ml · kg-1 · min-1 VO2max). Indirect calorimetry (IC), accelerometry and HR data were simultaneously collected for each child during a 90 min session of 30 playground games. Thirty-eight sessions were recorded in 32 different children. Each game was recorded at least in three occasions in other three children. The intersubject coefficient of variation within a game was 27% for IC, 37% for accelerometry and 13% for HR. The overall mean EE in the games was 4.2 ± 1.4 kcals · min-1 per game, totaling to 375 ± 122 kcals/per 90 min/session. The correlation coefficient between indirect calorimetry and accelerometer counts was 0.48 (p = .026) for endurance games and 0.21 (p = .574) for strength games. The correlation coefficient between indirect calorimetry and HR was 0.71 (p = .032) for endurance games and 0.48 (p = .026) for strength games. Our data indicate that both accelerometer and HR monitors are useful devices for estimating EE during endurance games, but only HR monitors estimates are accurate for endurance games.

Assessment of Hanging Type Grain Cleaner Drudgery Reducing Tool by Farm Women

2022 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 196-198
Author(s):  
S. P. Tripathi ◽  
G. S. Chundawat ◽  
Shashi Gour ◽  
S. P. S. Somvanshi ◽  
Kinjulck C. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Farm Women ◽  
Traditional Practice ◽  
Physiological Cost ◽  
Conventional Practice ◽  
On Farm ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Cardiac Cost

The study was undertaken to assess ergonomically efficiency of hanging type wheat graincleaner, carried out in adopted villages under On Farm Testing (OFT) and Front LineDemonstration (FLD) program conducted by KVK, Mandsaur (M.P.). Total Fifteen farmwomen were selected to assess the physiological workload to compare the impact ofimproved technology over conventional practice for hanging type grain cleaner. Physiologicalparameters i.e. HR, energy expenditure, cardiac cost reduction and physiological costreduction etc., were measured during operations. The results revealed that hanging typegrain cleaner has proved proficient on time and output parameters. The average cardiaccost of work was decreased by 82.29 per cent while using hanging type grain cleaner forwheat. Drudgery reduction was found 83.96 per cent and it saved time by 89.10 per centwhen compared to traditional practice. The physiological cost of work and energyexpenditure in terms of heart rate were observed to be lower while performing activitieswith hanging type grain cleaner as compared to the traditional practice.

ESTIMATING ENERGY EXPENDITURE IN WILDLAND FIREFIGHTERS USING HEART RATE MONITORING AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY RECORDS

1998 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. 56 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Burks ◽  
B. J. Sharkey ◽  
S. A. Tysk ◽  
T. W. Zderic ◽  
S. L. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Heart Rate Monitoring

scholarly journals Sharp Turning and Corner Turning: Comparison of Energy Expenditure, Gait Parameters, and Level of Fatigue among Community-Dwelling Elderly

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Justine ◽  
Haidzir Manaf ◽  
Affeenddie Sulaiman ◽  
Shahir Razi ◽  
Hani Asilah Alias
Keyword(s):  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Postural Control ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
Physiological Cost ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Ct Data ◽  
Corner Turning ◽  
Step Turn

This study compares energy expenditure (EE), gait parameters (GP), and level of fatigue (LOF) between 5-minute walking with sharp turning (ST) and corner turning (CT). Data were obtained from 29 community-dwelling elderly (mean age, 62.7 ± 3.54 years). For 5 minutes, in ST task, participants walked on a 3-meter pathway with 2 cones placed at each end (180° turning), while in CT task, participants walked on a 6-meter pathway with 4 cones placed at 4 corners (90° turning). The physiological cost index, pedometer, and 10-point Modified Borg Dyspnoea Scale were used to measure EE (beats/min), GP (no of steps), and LOF, respectively. Data were analyzed by using independentt-tests. EE during ST (0.62 ± 0.21 beats/min) was significantly higher than CT (0.48 ± 0.17 beats/min) (P<0.05). GP (434 ± 92.93 steps) and LOF (1.40 ± 1.11) in ST were found to be lower compared to GP (463 ± 92.18 steps) and LOF (1.54 ± 1.34) in CT (All,P>0.05). Higher EE in ST could be due to the difficulty in changing to a 180° direction, which may involve agility and different turning strategies (step-turn or pivot-turn) to adjust the posture carefully. In CT, participants could choose a step-turn strategy to change to a 90° direction, which was less challenging to postural control.

scholarly journals Validity of hip-mounted uniaxial accelerometry with heart-rate monitoring vs. triaxial accelerometry in the assessment of free-living energy expenditure in young children: the IDEFICS Validation Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 113 (10) ◽  
pp. 1530-1536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Ojiambo ◽  
Kenn Konstabel ◽  
Toomas Veidebaum ◽  
John Reilly ◽  
Vera Verbestel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Validation Study ◽  
Longitudinal Axis ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Free Living ◽  
Model Combining ◽  
Sedentary Activities

One of the aims of Identification and Prevention of Dietary- and Lifestyle-Induced Health Effects in Children and Infants (IDEFICS) validation study is to validate field measures of physical activity (PA) and energy expenditure (EE) in young children. This study compared the validity of uniaxial accelerometry with heart-rate (HR) monitoring vs. triaxial accelerometry against doubly labeled water (DLW) criterion method for assessment of free-living EE in young children. Forty-nine European children (25 female, 24 male) aged 4–10 yr (mean age: 6.9 ± 1.5 yr) were assessed by uniaxial ActiTrainer with HR, uniaxial 3DNX, and triaxial 3DNX accelerometry. Total energy expenditure (TEE) was estimated using DLW over a 1-wk period. The longitudinal axis of both devices and triaxial 3DNX counts per minute (CPM) were significantly ( P < 0.05) associated with physical activity level (PAL; r = 0.51 ActiTrainer, r = 0.49 uniaxial-3DNX, and r = 0.42 triaxial Σ3DNX). Eight-six percent of the variance in TEE could be predicted by a model combining body mass (partial r2 = 71%; P < 0.05), CPM-ActiTrainer (partial r2 = 11%; P < 0.05), and difference between HR at moderate and sedentary activities (ModHR − SedHR) (partial r2 = 4%; P < 0.05). The SE of TEE estimate for ActiTrainer and 3DNX models ranged from 0.44 to 0.74 MJ/days or ∼7–11% of the average TEE. The SE of activity-induced energy expenditure (AEE) model estimates ranged from 0.38 to 0.57 MJ/day or 24–26% of the average AEE. It is concluded that the comparative validity of hip-mounted uniaxial and triaxial accelerometers for assessing PA and EE is similar.

scholarly journals Description of a human direct calorimeter, with a note on the energy cost of clerical work

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joan D. Webster ◽  
Gillian Welsh ◽  
J. S. Garrow
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Movement Detector ◽  
Urinary Cortisol ◽  
Clerical Work ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Urinary Cortisol Excretion ◽  
Cortisol Excretion

1. A heat-sink calorimeter, suitable for the measurement of energy expenditure in human subjects over periods up to 26 h, is described.2. The performance of the calorimeter is illustrated by a study of four normal subjects at rest or performing clerical work for a period of 7.5 h. Each condition was measured in duplicate in each subject. On the resting days the subjects were recumbent, and on the working days they were seated throughout the measurement period. Heart rate was monitored by infra-red telemetry and physical activity by an ultrasound movement detector. Urinary cortisol excretion was also measured as an indicator of stress.3. In each subject the mean heat loss on working days was higher than that on resting days: the increase ranged from 5.1 % to 16.7, with a mean value of 10.0% (P = 0.015). There was no significant difference between resting and working days in heart rate, physical activity or urinary cortisol excretion.4. The present study confirms that tiring clerical work has very little effect on 24 h energy expenditure.

The effect of trunk extension on physiological cost index in spinal cord injury patients when using the advanced reciprocating gait orthosis: A pilot study

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 696-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mokhtar Arazpour ◽  
Mohammad Samadian ◽  
Mahmood Bahramizadeh ◽  
Monireh Ahmadi Bani ◽  
Masoud Gharib ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Walking Distance ◽  
Cost Index ◽  
Physiological Cost ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Trunk Extension

Background:People with spinal cord injury walk with a flexed trunk when using reciprocating gait orthoses for walking. Reduction in trunk flexion during ambulation has been shown to improve gait parameters for reciprocating gait orthosis users.Objective:The aim of this study was to investigate the effect on energy expenditure when spinal cord injury patients ambulate with an advanced reciprocating gait orthosis while wearing a thoracolumbosacral orthosis to provide trunk extension.Study design:Quasi experimental study.Methods:Four patients with spinal cord injury were fitted with an advanced reciprocating gait orthosis after completing a specific gait training program. Patients walked along a flat walkway using the advanced reciprocating gait orthosis as a control condition and also while additionally wearing a thoracolumbosacral orthosis at their self-selected walking speed. A stopwatch and a polar heart rate monitor were used to measure walking speed and heart rate.Results:Walking speed, the distance walked, and the physiological cost index all improved when walking with the advanced reciprocating gait orthosis/thoracolumbosacral orthosis test condition compared to walking with no thoracolumbosacral orthosis in situ.Conclusion:Spinal cord injury patients can improve their walking speed, walking distance, and physiological cost index when wearing a thoracolumbosacral orthosis in conjunction with an advanced reciprocating gait orthosis, which may be attributed to the trunk extension provided by the thoracolumbosacral orthosis.Clinical relevanceIt is concluded that wearing thoracolumbosacral orthosis in association with an advanced reciprocating gait orthosis could be an effective alternative in rehabilitation for thoracic level of paraplegic patients to promote their health and well-being.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document