Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the Assessment of Carotid Atherosclerotic Disease: A Review

Neurographics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-48
Author(s):  
S. Tellapuri ◽  
P.D. Sutphin ◽  
S.P. Kalva ◽  
R.F. Mattrey
Keyword(s):  
Carotid Arteries ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Nonlinear Behavior ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Direct Evaluation ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Microbubble Contrast Agents

Contrast-enhanced sonography is a safe, radiation-free, and minimally invasive imaging technique. It takes advantage of the nonlinear behavior of microbubble contrast agents to produce microbubble-only images, which allows for the assessment of the extracranial carotid arteries, with a minuscule total dose of <1 mL. This review highlights the current status of extracranial carotid sonography imaging, including plaque characterization when using standard and contrast-enhanced sonography.Learning Objective: Describe risk factors associated with ischemic stroke and the associated imaging features and how contrast-enhanced sonography can provide direct evaluation for carotid artery stenosis as well as characterization of atherosclerotic plaque.

Differential Diagnosis of Spine Tumors: My Favorite Mistake

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (01) ◽  
pp. 026-035 ◽  
Author(s):  
Domenico Albano ◽  
Carmelo Messina ◽  
Salvatore Gitto ◽  
Olympia Papakonstantinou ◽  
Luca Sconfienza
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Pulse Sequences ◽  
Dual Energy ◽  
Dual Energy Ct ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Correct Interpretation ◽  
Benign Lesions ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Robust Reliability

AbstractImaging has a pivotal role in the detection and characterization of spine bone tumors (SBTs), especially using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and computed tomography (CT). Although MR performed with conventional pulse sequences has a robust reliability in the assessment of SBTs, some imaging features of benign lesions and malignancies overlap, making the differential diagnosis challenging. Several imaging tools are now available to perform a correct interpretation of images of SBTs including diffusion-weighted imaging, dynamic contrast-enhanced MR, Dixon sequences, and dual-energy CT. Nevertheless, strengths and weaknesses of imaging modalities should be kept in mind, and it is crucial to be aware of the pitfalls that can be encountered in daily clinical practice when dealing with these lesions. This review provides an overview on the main challenges encountered when dealing with SBTs, providing some tricks of the trade to avoid possible diagnostic traps.

scholarly journals Imaging features of ultrasound and contrast-enhanced ultrasound in primary hepatic carcinosarcoma: three cases report

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunrui Liu ◽  
Shuping Wei ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
Wentao Kong
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Focal Liver Lesions ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Imaging Characteristics ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Hepatic Carcinosarcoma ◽  
Proven Method

Primary hepatic carcinosarcoma (PHCS) is a very rare malignant tumor with a poor prognosis. Previous studies in the English-language literature were case reports, focused on the clinical aspects, pathology and pathogenesis. Much is unknownabout the imaging characteristics of PHCS while ultrasound is the first imaging examination for hepatic disease. Contrastenhancedultrasound (CEUS) is a proven method that improves the detection and characterization of focal liver lesions. The purpose of the paper is to present the ultrasonographic and other imaging appearance of three cases of PHCS.

Contrast-enhanced ultrasound of the abdominal aorta – current status and future perspectives

VASA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Daniel Staub ◽  
Vasileios Rafailidis ◽  
Mohammed Al-Natour ◽  
Sanjeeva Kalva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Aneurysm Rupture ◽  
Vasa Vasorum ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ultrasound ◽  
Aortic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Vascular Abnormalities ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

Abstract. Ultrasound has been established as an important diagnostic tool in assessing vascular abnormalities. Standard B-mode and Doppler techniques have inherent limitations with regards to detection of slow flow and small vasculature. Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) is a complementary tool and is useful in assessing both the macro- and microvascular anatomy of the aorta. CEUS can also provide valuable physiological information in real-time scanning sessions due to the physical and safety profiles of the administered microbubbles. From a macrovascular perspective, CEUS has been used to characterize aortic aneurysm rupture, dissection and endoleaks post-EVAR repair. With regard to microvasculature CEUS enables imaging of adventitial vasa vasorum thereby assessing aortic inflammation processes, such as monitoring treatment response in chronic periaortitis. CEUS may have additional clinical utility since adventitial vasa vasorum has important implications in the pathogenesis of aortic diseases. In recent years, there have been an increasing number of studies comparing CEUS to cross-sectional imaging for aortic applications. For endoleak surveillance CEUS has been shown to be equal or in certain cases superior in comparison to CT angiography. The recent advancement of CEUS software along with the ongoing development of drug-eluting contrast microbubbles has allowed improved targeted detection and real-time ultrasound guided therapy for aortic vasa vasorum inflammation and neovascularization in animal models. Therefore, CEUS is uniquely suited to comprehensively assess and potentially treat aortic vascular diseases in the future.

CONTRAST ENHANCED SONOGRAPHY IN CHARACTERIZATION OF ENLARGED LYMPH NODES OF THE NECK IN CHILDREN

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (S 1) ◽  
Author(s):  
U Zaleska-Dorobisz ◽  
K Domagala-Pêkalska ◽  
D Sokolowska ◽  
E Czapiga
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Contrast Enhanced

scholarly journals Ligand-protected gold/silver superatoms: current status and emerging trends

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (45) ◽  
pp. 12233-12248
Author(s):  
Haru Hirai ◽  
Shun Ito ◽  
Shinjiro Takano ◽  
Kiichirou Koyasu ◽  
Tatsuya Tsukuda
Keyword(s):  
Current Status ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Gold Silver

This perspective summarizes the current status and emerging trends in synthesis and characterization of ligand-protected gold/silver superatoms.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Cystic and Solid Renal Lesions with Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound: A Retrospective Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 07 (01) ◽  
pp. E25-E34
Author(s):  
Arash Najafi ◽  
Michael Wildt ◽  
Nicolin Hainc ◽  
Joachim Hohmann
Keyword(s):  
Final Diagnosis ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Likelihood Ratios ◽  
Renal Lesions ◽  
Contrast Enhanced ◽  
Potentially Malignant ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity ◽  
Solid Lesions ◽  
Conclusive Diagnosis

Abstract Purpose Renal lesions are frequent random findings on CT, MRI, and conventional ultrasound. Since they are usually found accidentally, the respective examinations have not been performed optimally to provide a conclusive diagnosis, making additional multiphase contrast-enhanced examinations necessary. The aim of the study is to correlate CEUS findings with the final diagnosis and to determine whether it is a suitable method for the conclusive characterization of undetermined renal lesions. Materials and Methods All CEUS examinations of focal renal lesions performed at our institute between 2007 and 2014 were retrospectively examined. 437 patients with a total of 491 lesions and 543 examinations were included. 54 patients had bilateral lesions. One patient had three lesions in one kidney. Histology was available in 49 cases and follow-ups in 124 cases. The sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value as well as positive and negative likelihood ratios were calculated. Results There were 54 malignant and 437 benign lesions. The sensitivity and specificity were 0.981/0.954 overall, 1.000/0.956 for cystic lesions, 0.977/0.906 for solid lesions, and 0.971/0.071 for the histologically confirmed lesions. Bosniak classification was consistent in 289 of 301 lesions (96%). Only 12 lesions (3.9%) were falsely assessed as malignant. Conclusion CEUS is an appropriate method for the clarification of undetermined renal lesions. The characterization of cystic lesions according to Bosniak is adequately possible, especially for potentially malignant lesions (types III and IV).

Current Status, Synthesis, and Characterization of Biodiesel

2021 ◽  
pp. 167-194
Author(s):  
Akshay Garg ◽  
Gaurav Dwivedi ◽  
Prashant Baredar ◽  
Siddharth Jain
Keyword(s):  
Current Status ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization
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