Interactions of Angiotensin II and Atrial Natriuretic Peptide in the Brain: Fish to Rodent

1996 ◽  
Vol 213 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Galli ◽  
M. I. Phillips
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Angiotensin II and atrial natriuretic peptide in the brain: Effects on volume and Na+ balance

Resuscitation ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 18 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 309-319 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Unger ◽  
Peter Gohlke ◽  
Michael Kotrba ◽  
Rainer Rettig ◽  
Peter Rohmeiss
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Different Patterns of Angiotensin II and Atrial Natriuretic Peptide Secretion in a Sheep Model of Atrial Fibrillation

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1387-1392 ◽  
Author(s):  
RIK WILLEMS ◽  
KARIN R. SIPIDO ◽  
PATRICIA HOLEMANS ◽  
HUGO ECTOR ◽  
FRANS WERF ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Fibrillation ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Sheep Model ◽  
Peptide Secretion ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Effects of Physiological Increments in Human α-Atrial Natriuretic Peptide and Human Brain Natriuretic Peptide in Normal Male Subjects

1994 ◽  
Vol 86 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M. Y. Cheung ◽  
J. E. C. Dickerson ◽  
M. J. Ashby ◽  
M. J. Brown ◽  
J. Brown
Keyword(s):  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Brain Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Urinary Flow ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

1. Brain natriuretic peptide, closely related to atrial natriuretic peptide in structure, may be an important circulating hormone. Its physiological role is unclear. First, we studied the effects of incremental infusions of brain natriuretic peptide in six healthy men on plasma brain natriuretic peptide levels and the pharmacokinetics of brain natriuretic peptide. Synthetic human brain natriuretic peptide-32 was infused intravenously, at an initial rate of 0.4 pmol min−1 kg−1, doubling every 15 min until the dose rate reached 6.4 pmol min−1 kg−1, at which rate the infusion was maintained for 30 min. 2. The brain natriuretic peptide infusion raised the brain natriuretic peptide-like immunoreactivity from 1.4 ± 0.5 pmol/l to 21.4 ± 7.6 pmol/l. Brain natriuretic peptide-like immunoreactivity after the end of infusion was consistent with a bi-exponential decay, with half-lives of 2.1 min and 37 min. 3. Next, we studied the effects of low-dose infusion of brain natriuretic peptide to mimic physiological increments in the circulating levels in comparison with atrial natriuretic peptide. Six dehydrated male subjects received intravenous infusions of atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide, separately and in combination, in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled, four-part cross-over design. Atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide were given at the rate of 0.75 and 0.4 pmol min−1 kg−1, respectively, for 3 h. The control infusion consisted of the vehicle. 4. Analysis of variance showed that atrial natriuretic peptide and atrial natriuretic peptide plus brain natriuretic peptide, but not brain natriuretic peptide alone, increased urinary flow and decreased urinary osmolality significantly. However, urinary sodium excretion was significantly increased by atrial natriuretic peptide, brain natriuretic peptide and atrial natriuretic peptide plus brain natriuretic peptide. 5. None of the four infusates significantly altered the blood pressure, heart rate or glomerular filtration rate. 6. This study showed, for the first time, that physiological increments in brain natriuretic peptide, like those in atrial natriuretic peptide, are natriuretic. Although atrial natriuretic peptide and brain natriuretic peptide do not appear to interact synergistically, they are likely to act in concert in the physiological regulation of sodium balance.

scholarly journals Centrally and Peripherally Administered Ghrelin Potently Inhibits Water Intake in Rats

Endocrinology ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 1638-1647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hirofumi Hashimoto ◽  
Hiroaki Fujihara ◽  
Makoto Kawasaki ◽  
Takeshi Saito ◽  
Minori Shibata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Water Deprivation ◽  
Area Postrema ◽  
Urine Volume ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Ghrelin is known as a potent orexigenic hormone through its action on the brain. In this study, we examined the effects of intracerebroventricular (icv) and iv injection of ghrelin on water intake, food intake, and urine volume in rats deprived of water for 24 h. Water intake that occurred after water deprivation was significantly inhibited by icv injection of ghrelin (0.1, 1, and 10 nmol/rat) in a dose-related manner, although food intake was stimulated by the hormone. The antidipsogenic effect was as potent as the orexigenic effect. Similarly, water intake was inhibited, whereas food intake was stimulated dose dependently after iv injection of ghrelin (0.1, 1, and 10 nmol/kg). The inhibition of drinking was comparable with, or even more potent than, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), an established antidipsogenic hormone, when administered icv, although the antidipsogenic effect lasted longer. ANP had no effect on food intake. Urine volume decreased dose relatedly after icv injection of ghrelin but not by ANP. Intravenous injection of ghrelin had no effect on urine volume. Because drinking usually occurs with feeding, food was withdrawn to remove the prandial drinking. Then the antidipsogenic effect of ghrelin became more potent than that of ANP and continued longer than when food was available. Expression of Fos was increased in the area postrema and the nucleus of the tractus solitarius by using immunohistochemistry after icv and iv injection of ghrelin. The present study convincingly showed that ghrelin is a potent antidisogenic peptide in rats.

Diurnal change in plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Richards ◽  
G. Tonolo ◽  
R. Fraser ◽  
J. J. Morton ◽  
B. J. Leckie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

1. Diurnal changes in plasma concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, Cortisol and antidiuretic hormone were investigated in seven normal volunteers studied under standardized conditions of dietary sodium, posture and physical activity. After completion of the diurnal study serial measurements of these variables were continued during, and on recovery from, a 2 day period of severe sodium depletion. 2. Clear diurnal variations in plasma concentrations of renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, Cortisol and antidiuretic hormone were observed. 3. Plasma ANP concentrations also varied significantly over 24 h. Values peaked about mid-day and a distinct trough in peptide concentrations occurred in the early evening. However, variations in plasma ANP values were of relatively small amplitude and not clearly independent of modest parallel shifts in sodium balance. 4. Changes in plasma ANP concentrations both within the diurnal study period and during sodium deprivation were closely and positively correlated with concomitant changes in cumulative sodium balance. 5. No simple parallel or reciprocal relationships between plasma concentrations of ANP, on the one hand, and concurrent plasma concentrations of other hormones or in the rate of urinary sodium excretion, on the other, were observed during the 25 h of the diurnal study.

Effects of angiotensin II and atrial natriuretic peptide alone and in combination on urinary water and electrolyte excretion in man

1988 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. McMurray ◽  
A. D. Struthers
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Normal Male ◽  
Urinary Flow ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
Electrolyte Excretion ◽  
Water Excretion ◽  
Background Infusion ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

1. Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) has previously been shown to inhibit the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (RAAS) at several different levels. We have now investigated a further non-endocrine, renal interaction between ANP and the RAAS. 2. The effects of ANP and angiotensin II (ANG II) alone, and in combination, on urinary electrolyte and water excretion were studied in eight normal male subjects undergoing maximal water diuresis. 3. ANP caused a significant increase in urine flow and sodium excretion. ANG II alone was antidiuretic, antinatriuretic and antikaliuretic. When ANP was given against a background infusion of ANG II, urinary flow rate and electrolyte excretion increased from a new lower level to reach a value intermediate between that found with ANG II alone and ANP alone. 4. It is concluded that the renal effects of ANP are modified in the presence of simultaneously elevated levels of ANG II and that net water and electrolyte excretion reflect the sum of the opposing influences of each peptide. While this interplay may be non-specific, it is possible that ANP may exert some of its actions by specifically inhibiting the intrarenal effects of ANG II.

Absence of Changes in Antidiuretic Hormone, Angiotensin II, and Atrial Natriuretic Peptide With Clozapine Treatment of Polydipsia-Hyponatremia

1998 ◽  
Vol 59 (8) ◽  
pp. 415-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cherian Verghese ◽  
George Abraham ◽  
Chand Nair ◽  
Joseph K. Stanilla ◽  
Jose de Leon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Clozapine Treatment ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Central oxytocin and ANP receptors mediate osmotic inhibition of salt appetite in rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (2) ◽  
pp. R245-R251 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Blackburn ◽  
W. K. Samson ◽  
R. J. Fulton ◽  
E. M. Stricker ◽  
J. G. Verbalis
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Plasma Sodium ◽  
Salt Appetite ◽  
Saline Ingestion ◽  
A Chain ◽  
Anp Receptors ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

These studies evaluated the involvement of central oxytocin (OT) and atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) receptors in the osmotic inhibition of hypovolemia-induced salt appetite. Rats were pretreated centrally with the A chain of the cytotoxin ricin conjugated to OT (rAOT) or ANP (rAANP) to selectively inactivate cells bearing these respective receptors, or rats were pretreated with the unconjugated A chain (rA) as a control. Hypovolemia was induced with subcutaneous colloid injections, and rats then were given either 2 M mannitol, which raises plasma osmolality but lowers plasma sodium, or 1 M NaCl, which raises both. Hypertonic mannitol inhibited saline ingestion in rA-treated control rats but stimulated ingestion in rAOT- and rAANP-treated rats, whereas hypertonic NaCl blunted saline ingestion in rA- and rAOT-treated rats but stimulated ingestion in rAANP-treated rats. Angiotensin II-induced saline intake was similarly potentiated in rAOT- and rAANP-treated rats, indicating that this treatment also activates central inhibitory OT and ANP pathways. These data suggest that central ANP receptors mediate both Na(+)- and osmolality-induced inhibition of NaCl ingestion, whereas central OT receptors primarily mediate osmolality-induced inhibition of NaCl ingestion in rats.

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