Гельминты моевки Rissa tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758 и толстоклювой кайры Uria lomvia Linnaeus, 1758 в заливе Русская Гавань (Северный остров Новой Земли)

2020 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 392-401
Author(s):  
В. В. Куклин ◽  
М. М. Куклина ◽  
А. В. Ежов
Keyword(s):  
Uria Lomvia ◽  
Rissa Tridactyla

Community structure of arthropod ectoparasites on Alaskan seabirds

1987 ◽  
Vol 65 (12) ◽  
pp. 2998-3005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae C. Choe ◽  
Ke Chung Kim
Keyword(s):  
Community Structure ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Bird Species ◽  
Uria Lomvia ◽  
Mixed Species ◽  
Feather Mites ◽  
Chewing Lice ◽  
Rissa Tridactyla ◽  
Common Murres ◽  
Ixodes Ticks

A total of 28 species of arthropods was recovered from 29 common murres (Uria aalge), 8 thick-billed murres (Uria lomvia), 22 black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla), and 10 red-legged kittiwakes (Rissa brevirostris) collected from the Pribilof Islands, Alaska, U.S.A. The ectoparasite community on each bird species almost invariably consisted of three species of chewing lice, two species of ticks, and five to nine species of mites. Astigmatid feather mites (Alloptes spp., Laronyssus martini (Trouessart)) were the most numerous group of ectoparasites except on black-legged kittiwakes on which Ixodes ticks were the most abundant. The second most abundant taxa were ticks on common murres and thick-billed murres, and quill mites (Syringophilidae) on red-legged kittiwakes. Kittiwakes usually supported more diverse communities of ectoparasites than did murres, probably because of differences in nesting and foraging behavior. Ectoparasite communities between the congeneric species of birds were particularly similar in terms of species composition and general structure, and supported our hypothesis that phylogenetic relatedness of hosts is reflected in similarity of their ectoparasite communities. Community structure of ectoparasites was much more similar between the two murre species than between the two kittiwake species, probably because of gregarious flocking and mixed-species nesting of murres.

scholarly journals Contrasting assemblages of seabirds in the subglacial meltwater plume and oceanic water of Bowdoin Fjord, northwestern Greenland

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 711-720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bungo Nishizawa ◽  
Naoya Kanna ◽  
Yoshiyuki Abe ◽  
Yoshihiko Ohashi ◽  
Daiki Sakakibara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Water ◽  
Uria Lomvia ◽  
Little Auk ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Tidewater Glaciers ◽  
Rissa Tridactyla ◽  
Cepphus Grylle ◽  
Black Guillemot ◽  
Calanus Hyperboreus ◽  
Subglacial Meltwater

Abstract In Greenland, tidewater glaciers discharge turbid subglacial freshwater into fjords, forming plumes near the calving fronts, and these areas serve as an important foraging habitat for seabirds. To investigate the effect of subglacial discharge on the foraging assemblages of surface feeders and divers in a glacial fjord, we conducted boat-based seabird surveys, near-surface zooplankton samplings, and hydrographic measurements at Bowdoin Fjord, northwestern Greenland in July. Foraging surface feeders (black-legged kittiwake Rissa tridactyla, glaucous gull Larus hyperboreus, and northern fulmar Fulmarus glacialis) aggregated within a plume-affected area in front of Bowdoin Glacier. This area was characterized by highly turbid subglacial meltwater and abundant large-sized zooplankton including Calanus hyperboreus, chaetognaths, and ctenophores near the surface. Surface feeders fed on these aggregated prey presumably transported to the surface by strong upwelling of subglacial meltwater. In contrast, divers (little auk Alle alle, thick-billed murre Uria lomvia, and black guillemot Cepphus grylle) foraged outside the fjord, where turbidity was low and jellyfish and Calanus copepods dominated under the influence of Atlantic water. Our study indicates spatial segregation between surface feeders and divers in a glacial fjord; surface feeders are not hindered by turbidity if taking prey at the surface, whereas divers need clear water.

Seabird migration in the Canadian northwest Atlantic Ocean: moulting locations and movement patterns of immature birds

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 624-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Huettmann ◽  
A W Diamond
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Ocean ◽  
Marine Conservation ◽  
Cape Cod ◽  
Northern Fulmar ◽  
Uria Lomvia ◽  
Northwest Atlantic ◽  
Grand Banks ◽  
Transition Zones ◽  
Rissa Tridactyla ◽  
Glaucous Gull

All seabirds in the northwest Atlantic Ocean migrate, but timing and routes are not well understood. We evaluate existing knowledge on seabird migration with data from the Programme intégré de recherches sur les oiseaux pélagiques (PIROP) data base, using observations of immature and moulting seabirds to track migration of the following species: Northern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis), Greater Shearwater (Puffinus gravis), Northern Gannet (Morus bassanus), Herring Gull (Larus argentatus), Iceland Gull (Larus glaucoides), Glaucous Gull (Larus hyperboreus), Great Black-backed Gull (Larus marinus), Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla), and Thick-billed Murre (Uria lomvia). The distributions of immature and moulting birds show strong seasonal patterns in the northwest Atlantic, and new transition zones and clear biological borderlines for seabird distribution were found. New data on timing and location of moulting Thick-billed Murres are presented. The southern Labrador Banks and Grand Banks (Thick-billed Murre, Northern Fulmar) and southeast Newfoundland and Georges Bank (Greater Shearwater) were identified as moulting grounds. In terms of marine conservation the following areas seem to be important for part of the life cycle of the species named: western Greenland, Cape Cod, Grand Banks, Labrador Banks, southwest Newfoundland, and the Grand Manan area.

scholarly journals Cyanobacterial and algal diversity in the vicinity of two different seabird colonies in Spitsbergen

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 269-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirosława Pietryka ◽  
Dorota Richter ◽  
Jan Matuła
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Uria Lomvia ◽  
Alle Alle ◽  
Rissa Tridactyla ◽  
Piscivorous Bird ◽  
Algal Assemblages ◽  
Bird Colonies ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Seabird Colonies

AbstractThe aim of the study was to compare cyanobacterial and algal assemblages occurring in ornithocoprophilous habitats formed under the influence of two seabird colonies (mixed colony of piscivorousUria lomviaandRissa tridactylaand planktivorousAlle alle) nesting on the southwest side of Hornsund (Spitsbergen). Various influences of the bird colonies (e.g.surface trophy, treading) lead to the formation of ornithogenic habitats with quantitatively and qualitatively diverse cyanobacterial and algal assemblages. Only 6 species common to both habitats were identified, but due to their different proportions the similarity ended there. Cyanobacterial and algal assemblages of both ornithogenic habitats also react rather differently to the intensity of the bird colonies’ influence. The assemblages located directly beneath piscivorous bird nests were characterized by a larger number of species, which decreased the farther from the colony it was. Cyanobacterial and algal assemblages located directly next to planktivorous bird nests were species poor, but species richness increased at locations farther from their direct influence. The obtained results confirmed that bird colonies characterized by different diet and behavior influenced the formation of two separate, quantitatively and qualitatively different cyanobacterial and algal assemblages. Species such asEucapsissp.,Gleocapsopsissp.,Gloeothecesp.,Woronichiniasp.,Hematococcussp. were characteristic for algae and cyanobacteria assemblages in the vicinity of piscivorous bird colonies, whereasAphanocapsasp.,Gloeothecesp.,Komvophoron minutum,Pseudanabaenasp.,Gloeocystissp. 2 occurred in the vicinity of planktivorous bird colonies.

scholarly journals A First Count of Thick-billed Murres (Uria lomvia) and Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla) Breeding on Bylot Island

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony J. Gaston ◽  
Marc-Andre Cyr ◽  
Kieran O'Dononvan
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Image Quality ◽  
National Park ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
High Arctic ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Uria Lomvia ◽  
Rissa Tridactyla ◽  
Canadian Population ◽  
Bylot Island

Bylot Island, part of Sirmilik National Park, supports two major breeding colonies of intermingled Thick-billed Murres (Uria lomvia) and Black-legged Kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla): at Cape Hay near the northwest tip and at Cape Graham Moore at the opposite end of the island. Although the size of these colonies has been estimated previously, there is no information on how the estimates were made, except for Thick-billed Murres at Cape Hay in 1977, when the numbers were based on sampling only about 30% of the colony. In 2013, high-resolution digital photographs of the whole area of both colonies were taken in July, when most birds were probably incubating eggs. Individual birds were counted on the photographs, and the numbers were corrected for image quality and converted to numbers of breeding pairs based on correction factors from another High Arctic colony. Our estimates were similar to those from earlier years for kittiwakes at Cape Graham Moore and for murres at Cape Hay, but suggested that numbers of murres were higher than previously thought at Cape Graham Moore, while numbers of kittiwakes were lower at Cape Hay. The overall total for the Canadian population of Thick-billed Murres was unaffected by these changes, but the total number of Black-legged Kittiwakes nesting in the Canadian Arctic may be 20% lower than previously thought.

scholarly journals Isotopic Investigations of Seabirds of the North Water Polynya: Contrasting Trophic Relationships Between the Eastern and Western Sectors

The Condor ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith A. Hobson ◽  
Grant Gilchrist ◽  
Knud Falk
Keyword(s):  
Trophic Level ◽  
Boreogadus Saida ◽  
Uria Lomvia ◽  
Alle Alle ◽  
Rissa Tridactyla ◽  
The North ◽  
North Water Polynya ◽  
Cepphus Grylle ◽  
North Water ◽  
Larus Hyperboreus

Abstract We used δ15N and δ13C analyses of blood, muscle, and liver tissues to evaluate similarity of diet among five seabird species: Black Guillemot (Cepphus grylle), Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla), Dovekie (Alle alle), Glaucous Gull (Larus hyperboreus), and Thick-billed Murre (Uria lomvia) nesting at Coburg Island on the west and Hakluyt Island on the east side of the North Water Polynya between Ellesmere Island, Canada, and northwest Greenland. We hypothesized that dietary differences should occur because the two neighboring sites are subject to different oceanographic conditions, one result of which is differential timing of spring open water. Relative trophic level, derived from tissue δ15N values, ranged from 3.6 for Dovekie from Hakluyt Island to 4.7 for late-breeding-season diets of Thick-billed Murre adults from Coburg Island. At Coburg Island, trophic level of hatching year (HY) kittiwakes, murres, and Glaucous Gulls was higher than that for adults. This pattern was not found at Hakluyt Island, where chicks of all species generally occupied lower trophic positions. These findings suggest that lower-trophic-level prey were more important to Hakluyt Island seabirds, possibly due to lower availability of arctic cod (Boreogadus saida). Investigaciones Isotópicas de Aves Marinas en el Canal Aguas del Norte: Contrastando las Relaciones Tróficas entre los Sectores Este y Oeste Resumen. Usamos análisis de δ15N y δ13C en tejidos sanguineos, musculares y hepáticos para evaluar la similitud en la dieta entre cinco especies de aves marinas (Cepphus grylle, Rissa tridactyla, Alle alle, Larus hyperboreus y Uria lomvia). Estas especies anidan en la Isla Coburg en el lado oeste y en la Isla Hakluyt en el lado este del Canal de las Aguas del Norte, que se presenta libre de hielos y está situado entre la Isla Ellesmere en Canadá y el noroeste de Groenlandia. Hipotetizamos que las diferencias en la dieta se deberían a que los dos sitios vecinos están sujetos a diferentes condiciones oceanográficas, resultando en un ajuste temporal diferencial en la apertura de las aguas en primavera. El nivel trófico relativo, derivado de los valores de δ15N en los tejidos, fluctuó entre 3.6 para A. alle de la Isla Hakluyt hasta 4.7 para la dieta del final de la época reproductiva de adultos de U. lomvia de la Isla Coburg. En la Isla Coburg, el nivel trófico de individuos de R. tridactyla, U. lomvia y L. hyperboreus que eclosionaron ese año fue mayor que el nivel de los adultos. No encontramos este patrón en la Isla Hakluyt, donde los pichones de todas las especies generalmente ocuparon posiciones tróficas inferiores. Estos resultados sugieren que las presas de niveles tróficos inferiores fueron más importantes para las aves marinas de la Isla Hakluyt, posiblemente debido a una menor disponibilidad de bacalao del Ártico (Boreogadus saida).

Stomach contents of autumn-feeding marine vertebrates from Hornsund, Svalbard

Polar Record ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 25 (153) ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Lydersen ◽  
Ian Gjertz ◽  
Jan Marcin Weslawski
Keyword(s):  
Prey Species ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Uria Lomvia ◽  
Rissa Tridactyla ◽  
Fulmarus Glacialis ◽  
Important Prey ◽  
Fratercula Arctica ◽  
Cepphus Grylle ◽  
Myoxocephalus Scorpius

AbstractStomachs of 171 vertebrates (two species offish, eight of birds and twoof seals) from Hornsund, Svalbard, were collected between 7 September and 5 October 1984. Arctic cod Boreogadus saida and the amphipod Pamthemisto libellula were the main prey species of black guillemots Cepphus grylle, little auks Alle alle, puffins Fratercula arctica, Brunnich's guillemots Uria lomvia, kittiwakes Rissa tridactyla and ringed seals Phoca hispida. Fulmars Fulmarus glacialis preyed mainly on the squid Gonatusfabricii and the polychaete Nereis irrorata. Eiders Somateria mollissima preyed mainly on bivalves and on the amphipod Gammarellus homari. G. homari and Gammarus oceanicus were the most important prey species of striped snailfish Liparis liparis, while shorthorn sculpin Myoxocephalus scorpius mainly preyed upon G. homari and Anonyx sarsi. Glaucous gulls LOTUS hyperboreus took many different prey including birds and tundra plants. Only one bearded seal Erignathus barbatus stomach with content was available for this study.

scholarly journals Diversity and Keratin Degrading Ability of Fungi Isolated from Canadian Arctic Marine Bird Feathers

ARCTIC ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-359
Author(s):  
Brent M. Robicheau ◽  
Sarah J. Adams ◽  
Jennifer F. Provencher ◽  
Gregory J. Robertson ◽  
Mark L. Mallory ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Correspondence Analysis ◽  
Canadian Arctic ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Somateria Mollissima ◽  
Uria Lomvia ◽  
King Eider ◽  
Rissa Tridactyla ◽  
Cepphus Grylle ◽  
Black Guillemot ◽  
Low Arctic

We present the first records of fungi associated with feathers from seabirds and sea ducks in the Canadian Arctic and sub-Arctic. Birds sampled in Nunavut and Newfoundland (Canada) included the Common Eider (Somateria mollissima), King Eider (S. spectabilis), Black-legged Kittiwake (Rissa tridactyla), Northern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialis), Glaucous Gull (Larus hyperboreus), Black Guillemot (Cepphus grylle), and Thick-billed Murre (Uria lomvia). In total 19 fungal species were cultured from feathers, identified using ITS rDNA barcoding, and screened for their ability to degrade keratin using a keratin azure assay. Our results indicate that 1) of the 19 isolates, 74% were ascomycetes, while the remaining 26% were basidiomycetes (yeasts); 2) 21% of the ascomycete isolates demonstrated keratinolytic activity (a known pathogenicity factor for fungi that may potentially be harmful to birds); 3) the largest number of fungi were cultured from the sampled Thick-billed Murre; and 4) based on a multiple correspondence analysis, there is some indication that both the King Eider and the Thick-billed Murre collected in the low Arctic had distinct fungal communities that were different from each other and from the other birds sampled. Although our sample sizes were small, initial trends in point (4) do demonstrate that additional study is merited to assess whether the fungal community differences are influenced by variation in the known ecologies of the avian hosts and fungi identified.

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