scholarly journals Distribution of mating types of Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica, causal fungus of phytophthora rot of strawberry, in Saga prefecture.

1988 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 544-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masafumi MATSUZAKI
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Causal Fungus ◽  
Phytophthora Rot

scholarly journals Phytophthora Rot of Soybean

2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. F. Schmitthenner
Keyword(s):  
Soil Type ◽  
Integrated Control ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
High Tolerance ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Causal Fungus ◽  
Important Host ◽  
Plant Stand ◽  
Phytophthora Rot ◽  
Cultivar Susceptibility

Phytophthora root and stem rot may cause plant stand losses and complete yield reductions in very susceptible soybean cultivars. The severity of losses depends on cultivar susceptibility, rainfall, soil type, tillage, and compaction. Soybean is the only important host of the causal fungus. Integrated control, which combines high tolerance, improved drainage, and tillage, is as effective as resistance or fungicides in most soil environments. Posted 1 June 2000.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Black Shank Pathogen, Phytophthora nicotianae, Across North Carolina Tobacco Production Areas

Plant Disease ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 1108-1114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney A. Gallup ◽  
Kestrel L. McCorkle ◽  
Kelly L. Ivors ◽  
David Shew
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Hyphal Growth ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Black Shank ◽  
Nuclear Regions

Black shank disease of tobacco, caused by the oomycete Phytophthora nicotianae, is a major threat to production in the United States and tobacco-producing areas worldwide. In a statewide survey of North Carolina, the rapid shift from race 0 to race 1 was documented. Collected pathogen isolates were characterized phenotypically for mating type and mefenoxam sensitivity, and genotypically by comparing sequences from three cytoplasmic and two nuclear regions. Both the A1 and A2 mating types were found throughout the state. When both mating types were recovered from the same field, pairings of isolates yielded viable oospores, indicating for the first time the potential for sexual sporulation by P. nicotianae in natural populations. Because the loss of complete resistance required a renewed use of the fungicide mefenoxam, a subset of the survey isolates was screened for sensitivity to the fungicide. All isolates were sensitive, with a mean effective concentration to inhibit 50% of hyphal growth of 0.4 μg/ml that was similar across mating types and races. Molecular characterization of 226 isolates revealed that the pathogen exists as multiple clonal types within the state. Genetic diversity among the pathogen population and the potential for sexual recombination may help explain the ability of the pathogen to rapidly adapt to host resistance genes.

scholarly journals Phytophthora Rot on Luffa cylindrica Caused by Phytophthora nicotianae

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Hyeuk Kwon ◽  
Hyeong-Jin Jee
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Luffa Cylindrica ◽  
Phytophthora Rot

scholarly journals Characterization of Phytophthora spp. on Floriculture Crops in North Carolina

Plant Disease ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 1013-1020 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. A. Olson ◽  
D. M. Benson
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Growth Inhibition ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Effective Concentration ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Previous Survey ◽  
Phytophthora Spp

Isolates of Phytophthora in floriculture crops were collected from North Carolina commercial greenhouse facilities in 2007 and 2008, identified, and characterized for mating type and mefenoxam sensitivity. In all, 163 isolates from 13 host species at 11 locations were identified primarily as Phytophthora nicotianae (59%), P. drechsleri (23%), P. cryptogea (9%), and P. tropicalis (4%). Multiple Phytophthora spp. were found at five locations. DNA sequencing was more reliable for differentiating P. cryptogea and P. drechsleri. Only the A1 mating type of P. drechsleri was collected; however, both mating types of P. nicotianae, P. cryptogea, and P. tropicalis were found. Overall, 66% of Phytophthora isolates were resistant or intermediate in resistance to mefenoxam at 1 μg a.i./ml. Three groups of P. drechsleri isolates had effective concentration of mefenoxam providing 50% growth inhibition (EC50) estimates over 700 μg a.i./ml. EC50 estimates for P. nicotianae ranged from 246 to 435 μg a.i./ml. Isolates of P. nicotianae exhibited phenotypic heterogeneity at several locations, suggesting multiple separate introductions to the facilities. In contrast, P. nicotianae and P. drechsleri isolates from two locations were phenotypically identical to a previous survey, suggesting that the facilities have Phytophthora spp. established onsite.

scholarly journals Phytophthora Rot on Sword Bean Caused by Phytophthora nicotianae

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 235-239
Author(s):  
Hyeong-Jin Jee ◽  
Shun-Shan Shen ◽  
Chang-Seuk Park ◽  
Jin-Hyeuk Kwon
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Phytophthora Rot

scholarly journals Phytophthora Rot of Broad Bean(Vicia faba) Caused by Phytophthora nicotianae in Korea

2007 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-33
Author(s):  
Jin-Hyeuk Kwon ◽  
Hyeong-Jin Jee ◽  
Shun-Shan Shen ◽  
Yun-Seok Chae
Keyword(s):  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Broad Bean ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Phytophthora Rot

scholarly journals Phytophthora Rot of Strawberry Caused by Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica in Shizuoka

1980 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takahito SUZUI ◽  
Tokio MAKINO ◽  
Akira OGOSHI
Keyword(s):  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Phytophthora Rot

scholarly journals Mating types of Phytophthora colocasiae on the island of Upolu, Samoa

2018 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 289-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kieran D. Mellow ◽  
Joy L. Tyson ◽  
Robert A. Fullerton ◽  
Angelika Tugaga ◽  
Fa'alelei Tunupopo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Reproduction ◽  
Mating Type ◽  
Genetic Recombination ◽  
Leaf Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Mating Types ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Phytophthora Colocasiae ◽  
Oospore Formation ◽  
Taro Leaf Blight

Taro leaf blight (TLB) caused by Phytophthora colocasiae is a damaging disease that destroyed Samoa’s taro industry following its introduction in 1993. The aim of this study was to determine the occurrence of the A1 and A2 mating types of P. colocasiae for a more comprehensive understanding of the risk the pathogen poses for the future of the taro industry in Samoa. In September 2015, 54 isolates of P. colocasiae were collected from taro leaf blight lesions from 13 farms around the island of Upolu, Samoa. The mating types of each isolate was determined by observation of oospore formation when paired with tester isolates of Phytophthora nicotianae of known mating types (A1 or A2). Fifty isolates were found to be A2 mating type and four did not form oospores with either mating type. No A1 or self-fertile isolates were found. These results suggest that the A1 mating type has not been introduced to the island of Upolu, preventing the formation of oospores between compatible mating types of P. colocasiae and lessening the risk of new and potentially more threatening genotypes of the pathogen from emerging through genetic recombination. Keywords taro leaf blight, Colocasia esculenta, taro, sexual reproduction

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