Differences in Neuropathogenesis of Encephalitic California Serogroup Viruses

The paper presents data from the monitoring studies’ results of arbovirus infections transmitted by mosquitoes in the Volgograd region. West Nile virus antigen (WNV) in 9 samples, Tahyna virus in one sample, Batai virus in two samples were detected in the study of 110 samples of field material (blood-sucking mosquitoes) by ELISA test. Antibodies to WNV in 16.58 percent of the samples, to tick-borne encephalitis virus in 1.08 percent, to viruses of the California serogroup and Ukuniemi in 1.09 percent, to the virus Sindbis in 2.17 percent were detected as a result of the study of blood serum samples from donors in the Volgograd region. Thus, we obtained data on the probable presence of the Batai, Sindbis, Ukuniemi and Californian serogroup viruses along with the circulation of WNV on the territory of the Volgograd region.

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International symposium on california serogroup viruses

Antiviral Research ◽

10.1016/0166-3542(82)90046-8 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 241

Keyword(s):

International Symposium ◽

California Serogroup

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Evolutionary Relationships Among California Serogroup Viruses (Bunyaviridae) and Aedes Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae)

Journal of Medical Entomology ◽

10.1093/jmedent/27.5.738 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 27 (5) ◽

pp. 738-749 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Bruce F. Eldridge

Keyword(s):

Evolutionary Relationships ◽

Aedes Mosquitoes ◽

California Serogroup

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Roles of Host Species, Geographic Separation, and Isolation in the Seroprevalence of Jamestown Canyon and Snowshoe Hare Viruses in Newfoundland

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.01351-12 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 78 (18) ◽

pp. 6734-6740 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Gregory Goff ◽

Hugh Whitney ◽

Michael A. Drebot

Keyword(s):

Host Species ◽

Neutralization Assay ◽

Snowshoe Hare ◽

Large Mammals ◽

Content Type ◽

Neuroinvasive Disease ◽

Snowshoe Hares ◽

Jamestown Canyon Virus ◽

Geographic Separation ◽

California Serogroup

ABSTRACTCalifornia serogroup viruses, including Jamestown Canyon virus (JCV) and snowshoe hare virus (SSHV), are mosquito-borne members of theBunyaviridaefamily and are endemic across North America. These arboviruses are potential pathogens which occasionally cause neuroinvasive disease in humans and livestock. A neutralization assay was used to document JCV and SSHV seroprevalence using blood collected from a variety of domestic and wildlife host species. These species were sampled in an island setting, Newfoundland, which contains diverse ecoregions, ecological landscapes, and habitats. Seroprevalence rates for each virus differed significantly among host species and within certain species across different geographic areas. JCV was significantly associated with large mammals, and SSHV was significantly associated with snowshoe hares. Seroprevalence rates in the 5 species of animals tested for prior exposure to JCV ranged from 0% in snowshoe hares to 64% in horses. Seroprevalence rates for SSHV ranged from less than 1% in bovines to 55% in all snowshoe hares. The seroprevalence of SSHV differed significantly (P< 0.05) among hares occupying the discrete habitats of watersheds separated by 14 to 35 km. Cattle on farms in boreal forest landscapes displayed significantly higher JCV seroprevalence (P< 0.001) than those on farms located in seacoast landscapes. Lifelong geographic isolation of cattle to insular Newfoundland was associated with significantly lower JCV seroprevalence (P< 0.01) than that for cattle which had lived off-island.

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Cross reactivity of neutralizing antibodies to the encephalitic California Serogroup orthobunyaviruses varies by virus and genetic relatedness

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-95757-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Alyssa B. Evans ◽

Karin E. Peterson

Keyword(s):

Gold Standard ◽

Neutralizing Antibodies ◽

Viral Encephalitis ◽

Genetic Relatedness ◽

Cross Reactivity ◽

Etiologic Agent ◽

Snowshoe Hare ◽

Neuroinvasive Disease ◽

California Serogroup ◽

High Degree

AbstractThe California Serogroup (CSG) of Orthobunyaviruses comprises several viruses capable of causing neuroinvasive disease in humans, including La Crosse (LACV), Snowshoe Hare (SSHV), Tahyna (TAHV), Jamestown Canyon (JCV), and Inkoo (INKV) viruses. Diagnosis of specific CSG viruses is complicated by the high degree of antibody cross-reactivity between them, with laboratory standards requiring a fourfold higher titer of neutralizating antibody (NAb) activity to positively identify the etiologic virus. To help elucidate NAb relationships between neuroinvasive CSG viruses, we directly compared the cross-reactivity of NAb between LACV, SSHV, TAHV, JCV, and INKV. Mice were inoculated with individual viruses and the NAb activity of plasma samples was compared by plaque reduction neutralization tests against all five viruses. Overall, the results from these studies show that the CSG viruses induced high levels of NAb against the inoculum virus, and differing amounts of cross-reactive NAb against heterologous viruses. LACV, SSHV, and INKV elicited the highest amount of cross-reactive NAb. Interestingly, a fourfold difference in NAb titer between the inoculum virus and the other CSG viruses was not always observed. Thus, NAb titers, which are the gold-standard for diagnosing the etiologic agent for viral encephalitis, may not clearly differentiate between different CSG viruses.

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Analysis of the medium (M) segment sequence of Guaroa virus and its comparison to other orthobunyaviruses

Journal of General Virology ◽

10.1099/vir.0.80122-0 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 85 (10) ◽

pp. 3071-3077 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Thomas Briese ◽

Andrew Rambaut ◽

W. Ian Lipkin

Keyword(s):

Nucleocapsid Protein ◽

Potential Role ◽

Complement Fixation ◽

Cross Reactivity ◽

Cloning And Sequencing ◽

Serological Reaction ◽

Segment Sequence ◽

Protease Cleavage ◽

California Serogroup

Guaroa virus (GROV), a segmented virus in the genus Orthobunyavirus, has been linked to the Bunyamwera serogroup (BUN) through cross-reactivity in complement fixation assays of S segment-encoded nucleocapsid protein determinants, and also to the California serogroup (CAL) through cross-reactivity in neutralization assays of M segment-encoded glycoprotein determinants. Phylogenetic analysis of the S-segment sequence supported a closer relationship to the BUN serogroup for this segment and it was hypothesized that the serological reaction may indicate genome-segment reassortment. Here, cloning and sequencing of the GROV M segment are reported. Sequence analysis indicates an organization similar to that of other orthobunyaviruses, with genes in the order Gn–nsm–gc, and mature proteins generated by protease cleavage at one, and by signalase at possibly three, sites. A potential role of motifs that are more similar to CAL than to BUN virus sequences with respect to the serological reaction is discussed. No discernable evidence for reassortment was identified.

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