The role of personality characteristics in informing our preference for visual presentation: An eye movement study

Participants’ eye movements were measured as they read sentences in which individual letters within words were rotated. Both the consistency of direction and the magnitude of rotation were manipulated (letters rotated all in the same direction, or alternately clockwise and anti-clockwise, by 30° or 60°). Each sentence included a target word that was manipulated for frequency of occurrence. Our objectives were threefold: To quantify how change in the visual presentation of individual letters disrupted word identification, and whether disruption was consistent with systematic change in visual presentation; to determine whether inconsistent letter transformation caused more disruption than consistent letter transformation; and to determine whether such effects were comparable for words that were high and low frequency to explore the extent to which they were visually or linguistically mediated. We found that disruption to reading was greater as the magnitude of letter rotation increased, although even small rotations affected processing. The data also showed that alternating letter rotations were significantly more disruptive than consistent rotations; this result is consistent with models of lexical identification in which encoding occurs over units of more than one adjacent letter. These rotation manipulations also showed significant interactions with word frequency on the target word: Gaze durations and total fixation duration times increased disproportionately for low-frequency words when they were presented at more extreme rotations. These data provide a first step towards quantifying the relative contribution of the spatial relationships between individual letters to word recognition and eye movement control in reading.

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An Eye Movement Study on the Role of the Visual Field Defect in Pure Alexia

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0100898 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. e100898 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Tobias Bormann ◽

Sascha A. Wolfer ◽

Wibke Hachmann ◽

Wolf A. Lagrèze ◽

Lars Konieczny

Keyword(s):

Visual Field ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Visual Field Defect ◽

Pure Alexia ◽

Movement Study ◽

Field Defect

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The role of interword spacing in reading Japanese: An eye movement study

Vision Research ◽

10.1016/j.visres.2007.05.017 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 47 (20) ◽

pp. 2575-2584 ◽

Cited By ~ 51

Author(s):

Miia Sainio ◽

Jukka Hyönä ◽

Kazuo Bingushi ◽

Raymond Bertram

Keyword(s):

Eye Movement ◽

Movement Study

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Composition of multiple dimension representations in context during real-time comprehension

10.31234/osf.io/3hvfa ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Yao-Ying Lai ◽

David Braze ◽

Maria Mercedes Piñango

Keyword(s):

Real Time ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Lexical Retrieval ◽

Semantic Representations ◽

Multiple Dimension ◽

Processing Cost ◽

Additional Processing ◽

Movement Study ◽

Aspectual Verbs

We investigate the role of context in the comprehension of competing semantic representations of sentences with aspectual verbs (AspVs). On the Structured Individual Hypothesis, AspVs select for structured individuals as their complement, construed as a directed axis along various dimensions. During comprehension, the verb’s lexical functions are exhaustively retrieved and the AspV+complement composition yields multiple mutually exclusive dimension representations, which are later constrained by context. Results from this eye-movement study show that AspV sentences engender additional processing cost independent of context. That is, while processing multiple dimension representations is costly, the exhaustive lexical retrieval and dimension composition are initially encapsulated from context.

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The Role of Hyphens at the Constituent Boundary in Compound Word Identification

Experimental Psychology (formerly Zeitschrift für Experimentelle Psychologie) ◽

10.1027/1618-3169/a000183 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 60 (3) ◽

pp. 157-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Raymond Bertram ◽

Jukka Hyönä

Keyword(s):

Visual Acuity ◽

Eye Movement ◽

Word Identification ◽

Compound Word ◽

Compound Words ◽

Great Abundance ◽

Sequential Processing ◽

Movement Study

The current eye-movement study investigated whether a salient segmentation cue like the hyphen facilitates the identification of long and short compound words. The study was conducted in Finnish, where compound words exist in great abundance. The results showed that long hyphenated compounds (musiikki-ilta) are identified faster than concatenated ones (yllätystulos), but short hyphenated compounds (ilta-asu) are identified slower than their concatenated counterparts (kesäsää). This pattern of results is explained by the visual acuity principle ( Bertram & Hyönä, 2003 ): A long compound word does not fully fit in the foveal area, where visual acuity is at its best. Therefore, its identification begins with the access of the initial constituent and this sequential processing is facilitated by the hyphen. However, a short compound word fits in the foveal area, and consequently the hyphen slows down processing by encouraging sequential processing in cases where it is possible to extract and use information of the second constituent as well.

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