Association Between Leptin, Cognition, and Structural Brain Measures Among “Early” Middle-Aged Adults: Results from the Framingham Heart Study Third Generation Cohort

Background: There is growing interest in the pathophysiological processes of preclinical Alzheimer’s disease (AD), including the potential role of leptin. Human studies have shown that both low and high levels of leptin can be associated with worse neurocognitive outcomes, suggesting this relationship may be moderated by another risk factor. Objective: We examined the association between plasma leptin levels and both neuropsychological test performance and structural neuroimaging and assessed whether body mass index (BMI) is an effect modifier of these associations. Methods: Our study sample consisted of 2,223 adults from the Framingham Heart Study Third Generation Cohort (average age = 40 years, 53% women). Results: Among the entire sample, there was no association between leptin and any of the neuropsychological domain measures or any of the MRI brain volume measures, after adjustment for BMI, APOE4, and other clinical factors. However, we did observe that BMI category was an effect modifier for the association between leptin and verbal memory (p for interaction = 0.03), where higher levels of leptin were associated with better performance among normal weight participants (BMI 18.5–24.9) kg/m2 (beta = 0.12, p = 0.02). No association was observed between leptin level and verbal memory test performance among participants who were overweight or obese. Conclusion: These findings suggest that the association between leptin and cognitive function is moderated by BMI category. Prospective examination of individuals transitioning from middle age to older adulthood will help to clarify the contribution of leptin to AD and other neurodegenerative conditions.

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Neuropsychological test performance, cognitive functioning, blood pressure, and age: The framingham heart study

Experimental Aging Research ◽

10.1080/03610739508253991 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 21 (4) ◽

pp. 369-391 ◽

Cited By ~ 64

Author(s):

Merrill F. Elias ◽

Ralph B. D'Agostino ◽

Penelope Kelly Elias ◽

Philip A. Wolf

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Cognitive Functioning ◽

Test Performance ◽

Framingham Heart Study ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Heart Study

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The Relation between Inflammation and Neuropsychological Test Performance

International Journal of Alzheimer s Disease ◽

10.1155/2012/703871 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2012 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Valerie H. Balldin ◽

James R. Hall ◽

Robert C. Barber ◽

Linda Hynan ◽

Ramon Diaz-Arrastia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Verbal Memory ◽

Test Performance ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Visual Memory ◽

Longitudinal Research ◽

Neuropsychological Functioning ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Differential Relation ◽

Markers Of Inflammation ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Background. Considerable research documents an association between pro- and anti-inflammatory markers and Alzheimer's disease (AD), yet the differential relation between these markers and neuropsychological functioning in AD and nondemented controls has received less attention. The current study sought to evaluate the relationship between peripheral markers of inflammation (both pro- and anti-inflammatory) and neuropsychological functioning through the Texas Alzheimer's Research and Care Consortium (TARCC) cohort.Methods. There were 320 participants (Probable ADn=124, Controlsn=196) in the TARCC Longitudinal Research Cohort available for analysis. Regression analyses were utilized to examine the relation between proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers and neuropsychological functioning. Follow-up analyses were conducted separately by case versus control status.Results. Proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory markers were found to be associated with neuropsychological testing. Third tertile proinflammatory markers were negatively associated with measures of attention and language, and anti-inflammatory markers were positively associated with measures of immediate verbal memory and delayed verbal and visual memory.Conclusions. These findings support the link between peripheral inflammatory markers and neuropsychological functioning and suggest the utility of examining profiles of inflammatory markers in the future.

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O2-10-01: OMEGA-3 FATTY ACID LEVELS ARE ASSOCIATED WITH BRAIN MRI MEASURES IN MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS FROM THE FRAMINGHAM HEART STUDY

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.2694 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 14 (7S_Part_11) ◽

pp. P644-P644

Author(s):

Claudia L. Satizabal ◽

Jayandra J. Himali ◽

Alexa S. Beiser ◽

Ramachandran S. Vasan ◽

Charlie S. DeCarli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Framingham Heart Study ◽

Brain Mri ◽

Omega 3 ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽

Heart Study ◽

Middle Aged Adults

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Cognitive functioning and predictors thereof in patients with 1–10 brain metastases selected for stereotactic radiosurgery

Journal of Neuro-Oncology ◽

10.1007/s11060-019-03292-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 145 (2) ◽

pp. 265-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Wietske C. M. Schimmel ◽

Karin Gehring ◽

Patrick E. J. Hanssens ◽

Margriet M. Sitskoorn

Keyword(s):

Information Processing ◽

Brain Metastases ◽

Cognitive Functioning ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Cognitive Flexibility ◽

Verbal Memory ◽

Test Performance ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Cognitive Outcome ◽

Individual Level

Abstract Purpose Information on predictive factors of cognitive functioning in patients with (multiple) brain metastases (BM) selected for radiosurgery may allow for more individual care and may play a role in predicting cognitive outcome after radiosurgery. The aim of this study was to evaluate cognitive performance, and predictors thereof, in patients with 1–10 BM before radiosurgery. Methods Cognition was measured before radiosurgery using a standardized neuropsychological test battery in patients with 1–10 BM (expected survival > 3 months; KPS ≥ 70; no prior BM treatment). Regression formulae were constructed to calculate sociodemographically corrected z scores. Group and individual cognitive functioning was analyzed. Multivariable regression was used to explore potential predictors. Results Patients (N = 92) performed significantly worse than controls (N = 104) on all 11 test variables (medium-large effect sizes for 8 variables). Percentages of impairment were highest for information processing (55.3%), dexterity (43.2%) and cognitive flexibility (28.7%). 62% and 46% of patients had impairments in at least two, or three test variables, respectively. Models including combinations of clinical and psychological variables were predictive of verbal memory, psychomotor speed, information processing and dexterity. Neither number nor volume of metastases predicted patients’ test performance. Conclusions Already before radiosurgery, almost half of the patients suffered from severe cognitive deficits in at least three test variables. At group and individual level, information processing, cognitive flexibility, and dexterity were most affected. These cognitive impairments may impair daily functioning and patients’ ability to make (shared) treatment decisions. Both clinical (symptomatic BM; timing of BM diagnosis) and psychological (mental fatigue) characteristics influenced cognitive performance. Clinical trial information Cognition and Radiation Study A (CAR-Study A; ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02953756; Medical Ethics Committee file number: NL53472.028.15/P1515).

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IC-P-107: IGF-1 AND IGFBP-3 ASSOCIATIONS WITH BRAIN MRI: META-ANALYSIS IN MIDDLE-AGED ADULTS FROM THE FRAMINGHAM HEART STUDY AND STUDY OF HEALTH IN POMERANIA

Alzheimer s & Dementia ◽

10.1016/j.jalz.2018.06.2173 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 14 (7S_Part_2) ◽

pp. P92-P92

Author(s):

Mekala R. Raman ◽

Wittfeld Katharina ◽

Sarah C. Conner ◽

Alexander Teumer ◽

Matthias Nauck ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Framingham Heart Study ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Brain Mri ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Heart Study ◽

Middle Aged Adults ◽

Igfbp 3

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Adolescent Heavy Episodic Drinking: Neurocognitive Functioning during Early Abstinence

Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society ◽

10.1017/s1355617713001410 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 218-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Jennifer L. Winward ◽

Karen L. Hanson ◽

Nicole M. Bekman ◽

Susan F. Tapert ◽

Sandra A. Brown

Keyword(s):

Verbal Memory ◽

Test Performance ◽

Block Design ◽

Neuropsychological Test ◽

Heavy Episodic Drinking ◽

Significant Group ◽

Performance Deficits ◽

Time Interaction ◽

5Th Grade ◽

Cognitive Switching

AbstractThe present study investigated the rate and pattern of neuropsychological recovery in heavy episodic drinking teens during the initial days to weeks of abstinence from alcohol. Adolescents (ages, 16–18 years) with histories of heavy episodic drinking (HED; N = 39) and socio-demographically similar control teens (CON; N = 26) were recruited from San Diego area schools. HED and CON were comparable on 5th grade standardized math and language arts test performance to ensure similar functioning before onset of substance use. Participants were administered three neuropsychological test batteries with 2-week intervals during a 4-week monitored abstinence period. HED teens performed worse overall than CON on tests of prospective memory (p = .005), cognitive switching (p = .039), inhibition task accuracy (p = .001), verbal memory (p's < .045), visuospatial construction (p's < .043), and language and achievement (p's < .008). The statistically significant group × time interaction for block design demonstrated normalization within the 4 weeks of abstinence for the HED (p = .009). This study identified cognitive performance deficits associated with heavy episodic drinking in adolescence during early abstinence and with sustained 4-week abstention. These findings suggest alcohol-related influences on several underlying brain systems that may predate the onset of alcohol abuse or dependence or take longer than 4 weeks to recover. (JINS, 2014, 20, 218–229)

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