scholarly journals The Cost of Patient Education on a Post-Partum Unit in an Acute Care Setting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Jost ◽  
Kim Velez ◽  
Elle Fawns
Keyword(s):  
Patient Education ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Acute Care Setting ◽  
Nursing Time ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Video Education ◽  
Patient Care System

Four years post-implementation, an interactive patient care system is slated for decommissioning in two hospitals. A team of experts was tasked with evaluating whether to replace or remove the functionalities of this system and the cost associated with either. The largest effects noted were the financial burden and the patient education. The cost to substitute video education with nursing time spent in patient education was determined to not be cost-effective.

Cost Effectiveness of Whole Exome Sequencing for Children with Developmental Delay in a Developing Country: A Study from Jordan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amira Masri ◽  
Hanan Hamamy
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Developmental Delay ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Whole Exome Sequencing ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Whole Exome ◽  
The Cost

AbstractThis retrospective study was aiming to determine the cost effectiveness of whole exome sequencing (WES) in the diagnosis of children with developmental delay in a developing country. In this study of 40 patients, the average cost of traditional investigations and indirect costs related to rehabilitation and medications per child were USD847 and 6,585 per year, respectively. With a current cost for WES of approximately USD1,200, we concluded that performing WES could be cost effective, even in countries with limited resources, as it provides the option for genetic counseling in affected families with an ultimate reduction of overall financial burden to both parents and health care system.

Is There Cost Reduction Potential for Extended Half-Life Cephalosporins?

1986 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 975-980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert D. Scalley ◽  
Clifford C. Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Half Life ◽  
Cost Reduction ◽  
Drug Acquisition ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Generation Cephalosporin ◽  
Nursing Time ◽  
Personnel Costs ◽  
Acquisition Costs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Two new second-generation cephalosporin derivatives with extended half-lives, ceforanide and cefonicid, have recently entered the U.S. marketplace. Because longer dosing intervals require fewer daily doses, potential exists for overall cost reduction if pharmacy and nursing time can be effectively saved. Reduction in personnel costs, however, must be sufficient for these more expensive products to be truly cost effective. We studied the impact of substituting these newer agents for older, less expensive products with formulary status at our 200-bed community hospital. Results show that no nursing expenses could be recovered, and there is little chance of consistently reducing pharmacy compounding expenses. Within the constraints of these studies, particularly physician prescribing habits, the GRASP (Grace Reynolds Application and Study of PETO) system of determining nurse staffing, and our drug acquisition costs, we find that the newer extended half-life products have very limited usefulness and may only increase the cost of antibiotic utilization.

scholarly journals Cost variation analysis of various brands of topical eye preparations currently available in Indian pharmaceutical market

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 2364
Author(s):  
Shukrath Chandrappa ◽  
Kavitha Rajarathna
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Topical Administration ◽  
Brand Names ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Drug Formulations ◽  
Cost Variation ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
The Cost

Background: Ocular drug delivery is a complex drug delivery system, and topical administration being the most frequently employed route of drug delivery in eye diseases. Many topical eye preparations are sold under brand names. The variation in the costs of the same drug and inadequate information on quality and bio-equivalence makes it difficult for the physician to prescribe the most cost-effective treatment. The objective of this study was to analyse the cost variation in different brands of commonly used topical eye preparations in India.Methods: The minimum and the maximum cost in Rupees (INR) of particular topical eye preparations manufactured by various pharmaceutical companies in the same strength were noted. The percentage cost variation and cost ratio were calculated for each brand.Results: The costs of the total of 19 topical eye preparations available in 26 different formulations in India were analysed and a substantial variation in cost was observed. Of 19 drug formulations studied, the percentage cost variation of 10 drug formulations was more than 100% out of which one had more than 1000% variation. Cost ratio was also observed to be very high and 10 drug formulations had this ratio more than two.Conclusions: There is a wide variation in the prices of different brands, so there is an urgent need to raise the awareness of physicians about cost variation to lower the financial burden on patients.

scholarly journals Cost Effectiveness of Giemsa versus Field’s Staining Technique: Implications for Malaria Diagnosis among Children in a Busy Hospital Setting in Uganda

2016 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Juliana Namutundu ◽  
Nsobya Samuel Lubwama ◽  
Yeka Adoke ◽  
Chrispus Mayora ◽  
Sebastian Olikira Baine
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Malaria Diagnosis ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Staining Technique ◽  
Giemsa Staining ◽  
Effectiveness Analysis ◽  
Staining Techniques ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Acute Care Unit

Background: World Health Organization and Ministry of Health (Uganda) recommend use of microscopy for parasitological confirmation of malaria. Microscopy involves either Giemsa or Field’s staining techniques. Ministry of Health prefers and recommends use of Giemsa staining technique but most health facilities still use Field’s staining technique. The objective of this study was to compare the cost-effectiveness of Giemsa and Field’s staining techniques in order to inform malaria diagnosis policy and practice in Uganda. Methods: This was a cross sectional cost effectiveness analysis from the provider’s perspective covering the period between April 25, 2014 and June 15, 2014. The study involved 243 children below five years of age presenting at Acute Care Unit laboratory for malaria test before admission. Giemsa and Field’s staining techniques were compared with Polymerase Chain Reaction as the gold standard. Decision tree analytic model in TreeAge was used for the cost effectiveness analysis. Results : Field’s and Giemsa staining techniques cost US $ 0.030 and US $ 0.769 respectively. Correctly diagnosed cases were 227 and 230 for Field’s and Giemsa staining techniques respectively. The proportion of correctly diagnosed cases was 93.4% for Field’s and 94.7% for Giemsa. Incremental cost effectiveness ratio was 0.35 US $ per additional correctly diagnosed case. Conclusion: Field’s staining technique was more cost effective than Giemsa staining technique; provided a higher number of correctly diagnosed cases at a lower cost than Giemsa staining technique. Field’s staining technique is recommended as staining technique for malaria diagnosis at the Acute Care Unit of Mulago National Referral Hospital. This implies that even with introduction of more superior staining techniques for laboratory diagnosis of malaria, Field staining technique is still a cost effective technique to be used in resource limited settings with high malaria burden like Uganda and Africa at large.

scholarly journals Costing pressure ulcer care in an Irish acute care setting: a feasibility study

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 940-944
Author(s):  
Aoife Reilly ◽  
Jan Sorensen ◽  
Helen Strapp ◽  
Declan Patton ◽  
Amy Blair ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Pressure Ulcer ◽  
Care Setting ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Average Length ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Acute Care Setting ◽  
Data Collection Tool ◽  
The Cost

Objective: To test the feasibility of using a standardised data collection tool to estimate the cost of stage 2–4 pressure ulcer (PU) care within an acute care setting. Method: Data on resource use and cost were obtained through a retrospective survey of nursing and medical notes collecting cost data for individual patients who received care for stage 2–4 PUs. Results: Data for 20 patients (12 male/8 female) were analysed. The average patient age was 69 years (range: 37–95 years). Of this sample, seven patients had hospital-acquired PUs (HAPUs) and 14 patients had community-acquired PUs (CAPU) (one patient had both—in different anatomical areas). Over half of the total sample (55%; n=11) had a stage 2 PU. The average length of stay was 31.8 days (range: 5–119 days). Most of the patients (70%; n=14) had a CAPU. The average cost per patient with PU care was €878 (range: €39–2393). The mean cost for patients with a HAPU was €866 (SD: €1313) versus €911 (SD: €567) for patients with a CAPU. The majority of the cost related to equipment and staff time for treatment. Conclusion: Overall, the application of the standardised data collection tool to obtain cost data from retrospective inspection of nursing and medical notes is feasible. The cost of PU care in this sample was high, indicating that these wounds may impose a substantial burden on health systems. The costs varied greatly between patients in the sample, reflecting the complexity of PU care. Furthermore, given that costs increased with the higher PU stages, there is a potential to reduce costs by preventing the development of higher stage PUs. Larger-scale studies are required to understand the cost variation and full economic impact of PU care. Declaration of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest.

scholarly journals COST-EFFECTIVENESS OF ORPHAN DRUGS FOR LEUKEMIA TREATMENT: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW

2021 ◽  
Vol 506 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Do Hong Nhung ◽  
Tran Thi Ngoc Van ◽  
Hoang Thy Nhac Vu
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Orphan Drug ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Orphan Drugs ◽  
Measurement Unit ◽  
Comparison Results ◽  
Leukemia Treatment ◽  
The Cost

Introduction: Leukemia is a rare disease related to hematologic cancer stemming from the bone marrow. The Vietnam Ministry of Health (MOH) promulgated the Orphan Drugs List, in which there were 37 orphan drugs indicated for leukemia. This study aimed to systematically review all studies on the cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) of these orphan drugs in leukemia treatment. Materials and methods: This study conducted a systematic review on all studies published till August 2021 on the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI), SpringerLink, and Biomed Central. 23 studies were selected in this systematic review, which were studies that had available full-texts, were written in English, aimed to analyze the cost-effectiveness of leukemia drugs listed on the Vietnam MOH’s Orphan Drugs List. The results were presented by describing CEA findings by five different leukemia types, with a focus on the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of each orphan drug and the comparison to the willingness-to-pay (WTP) threshold. All the cost currency values were converted to USD in 2021 to make comparison. Results: Of 37 drugs on the Vietnam MOH’s orphan drug list, 24 drugs were cost-effectiveness analyzed with available full-texts. Of 23 selected studies in the review, there were 10 studies regarding lymphocytic leukemia (43.5%) and 13 studies regarding myeloid leukemia (56.5%). 60.9% studied on relapsed/refractory patients, 39.1% conducted cost-analyses with a social perspective, and 47.7% used overall survival combined with progression-free survival (OS-PFS) as a clinical endpoint. Quality-adjusted life year (QALY) was used as an effectiveness measurement unit in 65.2% of the total selected studies. 15 studies made a conclusion that their studied orphan drugs were cost-effective. 100% of the studies regarding acute lymphoblastic leukemia showed the orphan drugs of interest were cost-effective (ICER < WTP threshold); while about 50% of the studies regarding other leukemia types showed the orphan drugs of interest were not cost-effective (ICER > WTP threshold) and thus required suitable financial aid. Conclusion: This study provided information on the cost-effectiveness of 24 out of 37 orphan drugs for leukemia treatment listed on the Vietnam MOH's Orphan Drugs List. These orphan drugs could be considered as a financial burden for leukemia patients and other potential payers such as the Vietnam Social Security due to their considerably high cost.

scholarly journals Cost-effectiveness of Platelet Function-Guided Strategy with Clopidogrel or Ticagrelor

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-178 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikita Lomakin ◽  
Anna Rudakova ◽  
Liudmila Buryachkovskaya ◽  
Victor Serebruany
Keyword(s):  
Cost Effectiveness ◽  
Dual Antiplatelet Therapy ◽  
Platelet Reactivity ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Antiplatelet Agents ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Medical Need ◽  
Routine Administration ◽  
The Cost

Some patients treated with dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) following acute coronary syndrome (ACS) can still exhibit heightened residual platelet reactivity (HRPR), which is potentially linked to adverse vascular outcomes. Better tailored DAPT strategies are needed to address this medical need. Aim: To assess the cost-effectiveness of guided DAPT with clopidogrel or ticagrelor in addition to aspirin when using VerifyNow P2Y12 testing in post-ACS patients. Methods: The costs were calculated per 1,000 patients aged >55 years. It was assumed that all patients received either generic clopidogrel or ticagrelor for 1 year, and underwent VerifyNow P2Y12 assay testing before DAPT maintenance. Results: Guided DAPT will prevent five more MIs and six more deaths per 1,000 patients than a standard prescription of generic clopidogrel. The total predictive value of costs per patient is 32% lower if a guided strategy is used than if ticagrelor is given to all patients. Conclusion: Assessment of heightened residual platelet reactivity with P2Y12 assay in triaging DAPT post-ACS patients for 1 year is a cost-effective strategy that would reduce financial burden compared to routine administration of more expensive antiplatelet agents.

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