scholarly journals General classification of seismic protection systems of buildings and structures

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-12
Author(s):  
Viktor Bazhenov ◽  
Yurii Heraimovych
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Isolation ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Seismic Protection ◽  
Seismic Resistance ◽  
Practical Calculation ◽  
Combined System ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
General Classification ◽  
Protection Systems

The issues of ensuring the seismic resistance of buildings and structures hold a leading position despite significant achievements in this area. This is confirmed by the significant loss of human life and destruction caused by strong earthquakes. According to the principle of operation (properties of ensuring seismic resistance), all seismic protection systems can be conditionally divided into three groups: traditional, special and combined. Traditional methods of seismic protection of buildings and structures are mainly associated with reducing the mass of structures, increasing their strength and stiffness characteristics, as well as with the choice of rational planning and design solutions. The second group of seismic protection includes approaches associated with reducing the intensity of seismic loads on buildings and structures. Special seismic protection today is one of the most promising areas in the field of earthquake-resistant construction. The largest subgroup of this seismic protection – this is a passive seismic protection aimed at changing the dynamic scheme of a buildings or structures, which, in turn, is divided into seismic isolation and seismic suppression. The combined system implies a combination of traditional and nontraditional seismic protection systems. The massive use of seismic protection systems by design engineers is constrained by the lack of practical calculation methods. This is due to the fact that most seismic protection systems are characterized by a nonlinear deformation diagram, which does not allow the use of the standard linear-spectral methodology for the calculation. This article clarifies the general classification of seismic protection systems of buildings and structures. The use of seismic protection systems during strong earthquakes can significantly reduce the amplitude of vibrations, provide less damage to buildings and structures. Seismic protection systems are one of the most effective ways to increase the level of seismic resistance of buildings and structures, although the share of seismic-protected buildings in construction in relation to traditional ones is still very small.

Increasing the seismic resistance of operated buildings using special seismic protection methods

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Tatiana A. Belash ◽  
Elizaveta D. Erokhina
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Isolation ◽  
Computational Study ◽  
Active Regions ◽  
Seismic Protection ◽  
Seismic Resistance ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Metal Supports ◽  
Isolation Systems ◽  
Seismic Isolation Systems

The change in the level of seismicity of buildings and structures occurs as a result of updating the maps of general seismic zoning. Ensuring the seismic resistance of buildings and structures is a factor that must be taken into account, especially during construction in seismically active regions. Nowadays, one of the main approaches to increasing seismic resistance is the use of various seismic isolation systems. It is not always profitable and rational to increase the seismic resistance of building structures or foundations for equipment by simply increasing the strength. A classification of seismic reinforcement systems is given, among which the most sparing are special methods of seismic protection in the form of seismic isolation. Practical examples of the use of seismic isolation systems to improve the seismic resistance of existing buildings are given. A computational study was carried out, the result of which showed the effectiveness of using rubber-metal supports for hanging the seismic resistance of buildings.

scholarly journals Methods of seismic protection of buildings and structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 240-249
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Isolation ◽  
Seismic Protection ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Structure Reliability ◽  
Protection Systems

The material discusses the methods of seismic support of buildings and structures. Seismic protection measures can significantly reduce economic costs. With appropriate design, seismic isolation and seismic protection systems for foundations and buildings as a whole are capable of increasing the safety of the structure, reliability of equipment, comfort for the population, and most importantly, there is no need to carry out recovery work after strong earthquakes.

scholarly journals Analytical study of deformations of a flat truss of the arch type

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-241
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Isolation ◽  
Analytical Study ◽  
Seismic Protection ◽  
Economic Costs ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Strong Earthquakes ◽  
Structure Reliability ◽  
Protection Systems

The material discusses the methods of seismic support of buildings and structures. Seismic protection measures can significantly reduce economic costs. With appropriate design, seismic isolation and seismic protection systems for foundations and buildings as a whole are capable of increasing the safety of the structure, reliability of equipment, comfort for the population, and most importantly, there is no need to carry out recovery work after strong earthquakes.

Emerging Technologies and Materials for the Seismic Protection of Cultural Heritage

2015 ◽  
pp. 576-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.Z. Chrysostomou ◽  
Nicholas Kyriakides ◽  
P.C. Roussis ◽  
Panagiotis G. Asteris
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
Seismic Isolation ◽  
Seismic Retrofitting ◽  
Seismic Protection ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Historic Structures ◽  
Protection Systems ◽  
Innovative Materials ◽  
Energy Dissipation Devices ◽  
Seismic Resilience

Cultural heritage artifacts and buildings are under a constant thread of destruction during devastating earthquakes. Any intervention should be such that it neither violates their form nor changes drastically their structural behavior and should be reversible. In addition, the materials to be used must be compatible with the ones the monument is constructed of. Traditional seismic retrofitting techniques have the disadvantage that most of them violate the above conditions. An alternative approach is the use of innovative seismic-protection systems to enhance the seismic resilience of cultural heritage against the effects of earthquakes, which is reported in this chapter. The potential of seismic-isolation strategy to mitigate the seismic risk of museum artifacts will be first exploited. Subsequently, the state of the art of the use of energy-dissipation devices, such as viscous dampers and shape memory alloys, as well as innovative materials such as FRPs, for the protection of monuments and historic structures will be presented.

FUNDAMENTAL NATURE AND CLASSIFICATION OF LABOR MIGRATION

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-23
Author(s):  
Tulkin Chulliev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Labor Migration ◽  
General Classification ◽  
Fundamental Nature

The article explains the fundamental nature of migration by combining the definitions given by other scholars. The issue of labor migration is analyzed. One of the most important problems in contemporary migration processes - the problem of classification- is researched and a general classification is provided

scholarly journals CNN-Based Acoustic Scene Classification System

Electronics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Yerin Lee ◽  
Soyoung Lim ◽  
Il-Youp Kwak
Keyword(s):  
Low Complexity ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Weight Class ◽  
Scene Classification ◽  
Audio File ◽  
General Classification ◽  
Team Task ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
Activation Mapping

Acoustic scene classification (ASC) categorizes an audio file based on the environment in which it has been recorded. This has long been studied in the detection and classification of acoustic scenes and events (DCASE). This presents the solution to Task 1 of the DCASE 2020 challenge submitted by the Chung-Ang University team. Task 1 addressed two challenges that ASC faces in real-world applications. One is that the audio recorded using different recording devices should be classified in general, and the other is that the model used should have low-complexity. We proposed two models to overcome the aforementioned problems. First, a more general classification model was proposed by combining the harmonic-percussive source separation (HPSS) and deltas-deltadeltas features with four different models. Second, using the same feature, depthwise separable convolution was applied to the Convolutional layer to develop a low-complexity model. Moreover, using gradient-weight class activation mapping (Grad-CAM), we investigated what part of the feature our model sees and identifies. Our proposed system ranked 9th and 7th in the competition for these two subtasks, respectively.

The Walking Robot Control System that is Adaptive to Changes in the Kinematics

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 601-609
Author(s):  
A. S. Samoylova ◽  
S. A. Vorotnikov
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Algorithm ◽  
Control System ◽  
Robot Control ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
Machine Modeling ◽  
Cargo Delivery ◽  
Formal Classification

The walking mobile robots (WMR) have recently become widely popular in robotics. They are especially useful in the extreme cases: search and rescue operations; cargo delivery over highly rough terrain; building a map. These robots also serve to explore and describe a partially or completely non-deterministic workspace, as well as to explore areas that are dangerous to human life. One of the main requirements for these WMR is the robustness of its control system. It allows WMR to maintain the operability when the characteristics of the support surface change as well as under more severe conditions, in particular, loss of controllability or damage of the supporting limb (SL). We propose to use the principles of genetic programming to create a WMR control system that allows a robot to adapt to possible changes in its kinematics, as well as to the characteristics of the support surface on which it moves. This approach does not require strong computational power or a strict formal classification of possible damage to the WMR. This article discusses two main WMR control modes: standard, which accord to a serviceable kinematics, and emergency, in which one or more SL drives are damaged or lost controllability. As an example, the structure of the control system of the WMP is proposed, the kinematics of which is partially destroyed in the process of movement. We developed a method for controlling such robot, which is based on the use of a genetic algorithm in conjunction with the Mealy machine. Modeling of modes of movement of WMR with six SL was carried out in the V-REP program for two cases of injury: absent and not functioning limb. We present the results of simulation of emergency gaits for these configurations of WMP and the effectiveness of the proposed method in the case of damage to the kinematic scheme. We also compared the performance of the genetic algorithm for the damaged WMR with the standard control algorithm.

II.—On Lindstromaster and the Classification of the Palæasterids

1899 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 341-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Gregory
Keyword(s):  
General Classification

The classification of the Palæozoic starfishes has long been in chaos. The earlier palæontologists, who founded most of the known genera, made no attempt at a general classification or to indicate the relations between the Palæozoic and existing representatives of the Asteroidea. The first step towards progress was Bronn's division of the extinct genera into three groups—the Ophiurasteriæ (which may be left out of account as Ophiuroidea), the Encrinasteriæ, and the Asterias veræ.

Analyses of Seismic Isolation Systems in Kyrgyzstan

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tynymbek O. Ormonbekov ◽  
Ulugbek T. Begaliev
Keyword(s):  
Active Zone ◽  
Seismic Isolation ◽  
Seismic Protection ◽  
Kyrgyz Republic ◽  
Isolation Systems ◽  
Seismic Isolation Systems

The purpose of the present work is the analysis of existing methods of seismoisolation in the Kyrgyz Republic at which 95% of territory has seismically active zone with intensity 8, 9 and more. Also an opportunity of application of system seismic protection as rubber-metal bearings.

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