scholarly journals Localization of the Rf3 restorer-of-fertility gene for maize S-type cytoplasmic male sterility

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tiffany Langewisch
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Pollen Grains ◽  
Candidate Gene Approach ◽  
Chromosome 2 ◽  
Pentatricopeptide Repeat ◽  
Restorer Of Fertility ◽  
Ppr Proteins ◽  
Pentatricopeptide Repeat Proteins

Maize S-type cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS-S) is a maternally inherited trait that prevents pollen grains from developing to maturity. CMS-S is associated with the high levels of a novel mitochondrial transcript, orf355/orf77. Cleavage of this RNA, mediated by the nuclear restorer Rf3, reverses the sterility. Rf3 was previously mapped on the long arm of chromosome 2. The goals of this research were to fine-map the locus and to identify Rf3 using a candidate gene approach. Genotyping of nearisogenic lines (NILs) mapped Rf3 to a 1.98 Mb region of 2L. Six candidate genes, all predicted to code for mitochondrially targeted pentatricopeptide repeat proteins (PPR), were PCR-amplified, sequenced, and compared from multiple Rf3-containing NILs and non-restoring rf3 inbreds. One PPR-Rf3 candidate gene had two consistent differences between multiple restoring and non-restoring lines. Gene expression in pre-emergent tassels from the fertility-restored and non-restored plants was compared. Within the 3 Mb region surrounding Rf3, 9 genes were differentially expressed between restoring and non-restoring lines, including genes that could code for an ATP-binding protein, an ATPase, and four PPR proteins. Although Rf3 has not yet been identified, this study has revealed five promising candidates.

scholarly journals Genome-wide identification of the restorer-of-fertility-like (RFL) gene family in Brassica napus and expression analysis in Shaan2A cytoplasmic male sterility

BMC Genomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luyun Ning ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Dianrong Li ◽  
Yonghong Li ◽  
Kang Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Gene Family ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Hybrid Breeding ◽  
Pentatricopeptide Repeat ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Restorer Of Fertility

Abstract Background Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) is very important in hybrid breeding. The restorer-of-fertility (Rf) nuclear genes rescue the sterile phenotype. Most of the Rf genes encode pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins. Results We investigated the restorer-of-fertility-like (RFL) gene family in Brassica napus. A total of 53 BnRFL genes were identified. While most of the BnRFL genes were distributed on 10 of the 19 chromosomes, gene clusters were identified on chromosomes A9 and C8. The number of PPR motifs in the BnRFL proteins varied from 2 to 19, and the majority of BnRFL proteins harbored more than 10 PPR motifs. An interaction network analysis was performed to predict the interacting partners of RFL proteins. Tissue-specific expression and RNA-seq analyses between the restorer line KC01 and the sterile line Shaan2A indicated that BnRFL1, BnRFL5, BnRFL6, BnRFL8, BnRFL11, BnRFL13 and BnRFL42 located in gene clusters on chromosomes A9 and C8 were highly expressed in KC01. Conclusions In the present study, identification and gene expression analysis of RFL gene family in the CMS system were conducted, and seven BnRFL genes were identified as candidates for the restorer genes in Shaan2A CMS. Taken together, this method might provide new insight into the study of Rf genes in other CMS systems.

scholarly journals Pentatricopeptide-repeat family protein RF6 functions with hexokinase 6 to rescue rice cytoplasmic male sterility

2015 ◽  
Vol 112 (48) ◽  
pp. 14984-14989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenchao Huang ◽  
Changchun Yu ◽  
Jun Hu ◽  
Lili Wang ◽  
Zhiwu Dan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Pollen Sterility ◽  
Mitochondrial Rna ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Pentatricopeptide Repeat ◽  
Transcript Accumulation ◽  
Aberrant Transcript ◽  
Family Protein ◽  
Restorer Of Fertility

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) has been extensively used for hybrid seed production in many major crops. Honglian CMS (HL-CMS) is one of the three major types of CMS in rice and has contributed greatly to food security worldwide. The HL-CMS trait is associated with an aberrant chimeric mitochondrial transcript, atp6-orfH79, which causes pollen sterility and can be rescued by two nonallelic restorer-of-fertility (Rf) genes, Rf5 or Rf6. Here, we report the identification of Rf6, which encodes a novel pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) family protein with a characteristic duplication of PPR motifs 3–5. RF6 is targeted to mitochondria, where it physically associates with hexokinase 6 (OsHXK6) and promotes the processing of the aberrant CMS-associated transcript atp6-orfH79 at nucleotide 1238, which ensures normal pollen development and restores fertility. The duplicated motif 3 of RF6 is essential for RF6-OsHXK6 interactions, processing of the aberrant transcript, and restoration of fertility. Furthermore, reductions in the level of OsHXK6 result in atp6-orfH79 transcript accumulation and male sterility. Together these results reveal a novel mechanism for CMS restoration by which RF6 functions with OsHXK6 to restore HL-CMS fertility. The present study also provides insight into the function of hexokinase 6 in regulating mitochondrial RNA metabolism and may facilitate further exploitation of heterosis in rice.

scholarly journals Candidate Gene Selection for Cytoplasmic Male Sterility in Pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) through Whole Mitochondrial Genome Sequencing

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 578 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Wang ◽  
Qiaohua Lu ◽  
Yixin Ai ◽  
Yihao Wang ◽  
Tiantian Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mitochondrial Genome ◽  
Cytoplasmic Male Sterility ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Male Sterility ◽  
Gene Selection ◽  
Transmembrane Domain ◽  
Genome Structure ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Hybrid Seed Production ◽  
Cms Line

Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS), which is controlled by mitochondrial genes, is an important trait for commercial hybrid seed production. So far, genes controlling this trait are still not clear in pepper. In this study, complete mitochondrial genomes were sequenced and assembled for the CMS line 138A and its maintainer line 138B. The genome size of 138A is 504,210 bp, which is 8618 bp shorter than that of 138B. Meanwhile, more than 214 and 215 open reading frames longer than 100 amino acids (aas) were identified in 138A and 138B, respectively. Mitochondrial genome structure of 138A was quite different from that of 138B, indicating the existence of recombination and rearrangement events. Based on the mitochondrial genome sequence and structure variations, mitochondrion of 138A and FS4401, a Korean origin CMS line, may have inherited from a common female ancestor, but their CMS traits did originate separately. Candidate gene selection was performed according to the published characteristics of the CMS genes, including the presence SNPs and InDels, located in unique regions, their chimeric structure, co-transcription, and transmembrane domain. A total of 35 ORFs were considered as potential candidate genes and 14 of these were selected, with orf300a and 0rf314a as strong candidates. A new marker, orf300a, was developed which did co-segregate with the CMS trait.

scholarly journals Identification of Pentatricopeptide Repeat Proteins in the Model OrganismDictyostelium discoideum

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sam Manna ◽  
Jessica Brewster ◽  
Christian Barth
Keyword(s):  
Dictyostelium Discoideum ◽  
Rna Binding ◽  
Rna Binding Proteins ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Antisense Inhibition ◽  
Pentatricopeptide Repeat ◽  
Repeat Proteins ◽  
Ppr Proteins ◽  
Pentatricopeptide Repeat Proteins ◽  
Encoding Genes

Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins are RNA binding proteins with functions in organelle RNA metabolism. They are found in all eukaryotes but have been most extensively studied in plants. We report on the identification of 12 PPR-encoding genes in the genome of the protistDictyostelium discoideum, with potential homologs in other members of the same lineage and some predicted novel functions for the encoded gene products in protists. For one of the gene products, we show that it localizes to the mitochondria, and we also demonstrate that antisense inhibition of its expression leads to slower growth, a phenotype associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.

scholarly journals Pentatricopeptide Repeat Proteins in Trypanosoma brucei Function in Mitochondrial Ribosomes

2007 ◽  
Vol 27 (19) ◽  
pp. 6876-6888 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mascha Pusnik ◽  
Ian Small ◽  
Laurie K. Read ◽  
Thomas Fabbro ◽  
André Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Brucei ◽  
Large Subunit ◽  
Direct Interaction ◽  
Pentatricopeptide Repeat ◽  
Amino Acid Motif ◽  
Mitochondrial Ribosomes ◽  
Repeat Proteins ◽  
Ppr Proteins ◽  
Pentatricopeptide Repeat Proteins ◽  
Large Subunit Rrna

ABSTRACT The pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR), a degenerate 35-amino-acid motif, defines a novel eukaryotic protein family. Plants have 400 to 500 distinct PPR proteins, whereas other eukaryotes generally have fewer than 5. The few PPR proteins that have been studied have roles in organellar gene expression, probably via direct interaction with RNA. Here we show that the parasitic protozoan Trypanosoma brucei encodes 28 distinct PPR proteins, an extraordinarily high number for a nonplant organism. A comparative analysis shows that seven out of eight selected PPR proteins are mitochondrially localized and essential for oxidative phosphorylation. Six of these are required for the stabilization of mitochondrial rRNAs and, like ribosomes, are associated with the mitochondrial membranes. Furthermore, one of the PPR proteins copurifies with the large subunit rRNA. Finally, ablation of all of the PPR proteins that were tested induces degradation of the other PPR proteins, indicating that they function in concert. Our results show that a significant number of trypanosomal PPR proteins are individually essential for the maintenance and/or biogenesis of mitochondrial rRNAs.

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