scholarly journals Discourse strategies in Pulaar the use of focus

1983 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 141-158
Author(s):  
Sonja Fagerberg
Keyword(s):  
Focus Pattern ◽  
Discourse Strategies

This paper uses the concept of discourse cohesion as a basis for looking at certain sentence emphasis patterns in Pulaar (Fula). In particular, four patterns of focus are examined, first syntactically and then pragmatically. Focus in Pulaar can be divided according to clefting and pseudo-clefting patterns for subject and non-subject focus. These four patterns are discussed in depth. Then, I suggest that the idea of discourse connectedness provides a model for explaining the choice of a focus pattern in a given environment. Examples of this are drawn from a transcription of the story of Gelaajo Ham Bod'eejo, performed by Mammadu Non Gii se, a griot from northern Senegal.

Translation and Gender: Discourse Strategies to Shape Gender

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Assis Rosa ◽  
Carmen Camus Camus ◽  
Margherita Dore ◽  
Javier Franco Aixelá ◽  
Angeles García Calderón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Discourse ◽  
Discourse Strategies ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Discursive work in resisting stereotypic representations of the Chinese among Chinese students

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zanne Seng ◽  
Mei Yuit Chan ◽  
Ngee Thai Yap
Keyword(s):  
Social Group ◽  
Chinese Students ◽  
Identity Work ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Fragmented Self ◽  
Group Identities ◽  
Discourse Strategies ◽  
Discourse Understanding ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Discursive Resources

AbstractThe negative effects of stereotyping arising from a victim’s acceptance and internalisation of stereotype identities are well-known. As stereotypes are created and maintained in discourse, understanding how targets of stereotyping employ discursive resources to resist the constraining structures of stereotypic identities imposed upon them can provide insight into the process of stereotyping and contribute to efforts to reduce the threat of stereotyping. We examined the strategies used by targets of stereotyping in contesting stereotypic representations of their social group through the mobilisation of a range of discourse strategies when presented with stereotyping attacks on the group. The findings revealed that stereotypes are subtle in nature and may not be easily recognised and hence, difficult to resist. Participants employed a number of discourse strategies to repair their fragmented self and group identities. However, in their attempt to maintain identity coherence, they ended up using stereotyping discourses themselves to devalue the perceived outgroup as well as subgroups they created within their own social group. The study highlights the complexity of stereotyping and its self-perpetuating character, and sheds light on the difficulty faced by targets of stereotyping discourse in reconciling their identities through intense discursive and identity work.

Expanding a Conversation: Is How We Live as a Culturally Diverse Society Congruent With Our Underlying Assumptions, Methodologies, and Theories Regarding Change?

2010 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Anne Easley
Keyword(s):  
Culturally Diverse ◽  
Ethnically Diverse ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Change Processes ◽  
Diverse Populations ◽  
Contextual Framework ◽  
Diverse Society ◽  
Discourse Strategies ◽  
Diverse Cultures

Our world is very culturally and ethnically diverse. Although there is so much beauty in the diversity of our world, the multiplicity of cultures can be very challenging when working to evoke change. Therefore, in an effort to better serve the realities of our environment, this article examines the question, “Is there a need for a different awareness on the part of researchers and/or intervention strategists when working to evoke change within diverse cultures, organizations, and/or communities?” And, equally important, how do we gain this awareness as we engage in change processes? Within the contextual framework of this question, this article also discusses the consequences that can and do emerge when one uses intervention strategies that may be grounded in generalized theory and practice when working within culturally and ethnically diverse populations. It concludes with a posit that suggests the need to evoke a more culturally sensitive approach to change, which is built on the use of discourse strategies that address the individualities of the environments, giving privilege to the diversity and culture.

scholarly journals “It sounds like the language spoken by those living by the seaside” – language attitudes towards the local Italo-romance variety of Ghanaian immigrants in Bergamo

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (254) ◽  
pp. 103-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Guerini
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Language Attitudes ◽  
Local People ◽  
Immigrant Community ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Ghanaian Immigrants ◽  
Linguistic Repertoire ◽  
Discourse Strategies

Abstract In this article, I focus on the position of Bergamasco, the Italo-romance variety spoken in the Province of Bergamo (Northern Italy), in the linguistic repertoire of the local Ghanaian immigrant community. I argue that Ghanaian immigrants do not speak Bergamasco since the local people refrain from speaking Bergamasco to them. Bergamasco can be regarded as a we-code (Gumperz, John. 1982. Discourse Strategies. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.) of the indigenous community, whereas Italian – in most cases, a simplified variety of standard Italian – is the default choice when communicating with immigrants. The lack of input in combination with negative attitudes and a lack of motivation to acquire the dialect triggers a self-reinforcing dynamic, making the incorporation of Bergamasco into the linguistic repertoire of Ghanaian immigrants unlikely. Excerpts from a sample of face-to-face interactions and semi-structured interviews involving a group of first-generation Ghanaian immigrants reveal that Bergamasco tends to be perceived as a sort of “secret language” deliberately used by local people to exclude immigrants and other outsiders. This stereotype originates from and is reinforced by lack of competence on the part of the migrants, but is devoid of any foundation.

scholarly journals Rapport Management in President Buhari and Governor Sanwo-Olu’s Speeches on #EndSARS Protest in Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 182-195
Author(s):  
Samuel Alaba Akinwotu
Keyword(s):  
Common Ground ◽  
Management Theory ◽  
Crisis Situation ◽  
Rapport Management ◽  
Essential Tool ◽  
Linguistic Strategies ◽  
Discourse Strategies ◽  
Political Office ◽  
Political Speeches

Speech making in politics is an essential tool used to manage relationships between politicians and the electorate. The success of a speech depends on the content and the discourse and linguistic strategies employed to achieve speakers’ communicative goals. Political speeches have been widely studied, but extant studies have given tangential attention to the management of rapport in speeches of political office holders delivered in crisis situation in Nigeria. Two speeches delivered by President Muhammadu Buhari (PMB) and Governor Babajide Sanwo-Olu (GBS) on the #EndSARS protests in Nigeria, downloaded from www.guardian.ng and www.premiumtimesng.com respectively, were purposively selected and analysed using Rapport Management theory. This is with the view to accounting for the linguistic elements and discourse strategies and their functions in maintaining harmonious relationship in selected texts. Linguistic elements such as the inclusive “we”, the institutional “I”, collective/possessive “us” “our” “your” and descriptive adjectives and strategies such as claiming common ground, expressing solidarity, showing empathy were employed to manage rapport and achieve communicative goals by PMB and GBS. While GBS tactically avoids utterances that are rapport threatening, some utterances of PMB have the tendency to impair rapport. He however mitigates them through hedging, personalisation, institutionalisation and testimonial argument.

scholarly journals Authentic Discourse and Model Exemplars in Japanese Language Textbooks: A Case Study of Apologies and Requests

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Nobuko Kato
Keyword(s):  
Speech Acts ◽  
Native Speakers ◽  
Japanese Language ◽  
Politeness Theory ◽  
Discourse Model ◽  
New Findings ◽  
Politeness Strategies ◽  
Natural Discourse ◽  
Discourse Strategies ◽  
Language Textbooks

<p>In recent years, the communicative approach has prevailed in second language teaching, such that model dialogues are presented in textbooks for language learners. However, there has been little research on the extent to which such exemplars reflect authentic discourse in Japanese. This thesis, therefore, explores the speech acts of Japanese language native speakers (NSs), non-native speakers who are learning Japanese (NNSs), and discourse model examples presented in Japanese language textbooks (TXs) in order to investigate their similarities and differences, and thereby enhance the contents of textbooks. In particular, this thesis focuses on the discourse structure and expressions. The study takes a quantitative approach to the data analysis, using two different scenarios in settings of apology and requests. NSs pairs and NNSs pairs were requested to perform role-plays of two different scenarios in Japanese. The conversational data of the role-plays were transcribed, and the model exemplars of apology and request presented in the selected Japanese language textbooks were also analysed. The analysis employs the framework of cross-cultural speech act realisation patterns (CCSARP) of Blum-Kulka et al. (1989) to categorise utterances based on the intentions of the speakers into two parts, namely: Head Acts (HAs) and Supportive Moves (SMs). Once the data were classified by the CCSARP, individual HAs and SMs were sorted according to Brown and Levinson’s politeness theory (1987), which divides politeness strategies into four types: bald on record, positive politeness, negative politeness, and off record. By adopting both CCSARP and politeness theory, the characteristics of the discourse strategies and expressions of the three groups analysed in this thesis can be grasped. The analysis produces several new findings by identifying various ways in which the model dialogues in Japanese language textbooks fail to reflect the natural discourse of Japanese native speakers. The thesis presents suggestions for improvement for the benefit of textbook authors in future.</p>

scholarly journals Trick of Political Identity: Analysing Appraisal System on 212 Movement Reunion in Online Media

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 62
Author(s):  
Fahmi Gunawan ◽  
Yopi Thahara ◽  
Faizal Risdianto
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Political Identity ◽  
Online Media ◽  
Appraisal System ◽  
Focus Pattern ◽  
Engagement System ◽  
Media Data

This study aims to evaluate the appraisal system of the 212 movement reunion in online media. Data were from the news of  “trick of political identity” in Tirto online media. Data analysis was conducted using Spradley's theory modified by Santosa. The results indicate that appraisal system pattern of 212 reunion movement utilize attitude (43%), graduation (15%) and engagement system (42%). The attitude system uses a 42% affective subsystem pattern and 58% subsystem judgment. Graduation system uses a 70% force and 30% focus pattern. The engagement system is dominated by the use of heterogloss patterns of 82% rather than 18% monoglos. This percentage shows that the author discusses political identity in the 212 movement reunion. In his writing, the author is objective, neutral, independent and adheres to the principle of professionalism. This is proven by the high percentage of subsystem judgment 58% on the attitude system and 82% heterogloss usage on engagement system. The high percentage of use of focus force patterns shows that the author tries to use language that is easily understood by the wider community Keywords: Media online; Political Identity; 212 Movement Reunion; Appraisal System.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document