scholarly journals Unilateral breast abscess due to Nalidixic Acid Resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi

2019 ◽  
Vol 05 (04) ◽  
pp. 346-347
Author(s):  
Kinjal Prashant Patel ◽  
Reshma Ashwin Poojary ◽  
Sanjay Shankar Parab ◽  
Aruna Poojary
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Breast Abscess ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi

scholarly journals Molecular evaluation of drug resistance in clinical isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi from Pakistan

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 929-940 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amna Afzal ◽  
Yasra Sarwar ◽  
Aamir Ali ◽  
Abbas Maqbool ◽  
Muhammad Salman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Single Gene ◽  
Mutation Screening ◽  
Gene Cassette ◽  
Drug Susceptibility ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Fourth Generation ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi

Introduction: This study aimed to determine the drug susceptibility patterns and genetic elements related to drug resistance in isolates of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) from the Faisalabad region of Pakistan. Methodology: The drug resistance status of 80 isolates were evaluated by determining antimicrobial susceptibility, MICs, drug resistance genes involved, and the presence of integrons. Nalidixic acid resistance and reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin were also investigated by mutation screening of the gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE genes. Results: Forty-seven (58.7%) isolates were multidrug resistant (MDR). Among the different resistance (R) types, the most commonly observed (13/80) was AmChStrTeSxtSmzTmp, which is the most frequent type observed in India and Pakistan. The most common drug resistant genes were blaTEM-1, cat, strA-strB, tetB, sul1, sul2, and dfrA7. Among the detected genes, only dfrA7 was found to be associated in the form of a single gene cassette within the class 1 integrons. Conclusions: MIC determination of currently used drugs revealed fourth-generation gatifloxacin as an effective drug against multidrug-resistant S. Typhi, but its clinical use is controversial. The Ser83→Phe substitution in gyrA was the predominant alteration in nalidixic acid-resistant isolates, exhibiting reduced susceptibility and increased MICs against ciprofloxacin. No mutations in gyrB, parC, or parE were detected in any isolate.

scholarly journals Antibiogram of Salmonella Spp Isolates in Kathmandu, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damodar Gajurel ◽  
Rabi Prakash Sharma ◽  
Krishna Dhungana ◽  
Samir Neupane ◽  
Kamal Lamsal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi ◽  
October 17 ◽  
Culture Positive ◽  
Nalidixic Acid Resistance

INTRODUCTION: Drug resistant Salmonella spp. is endemic in several Asian countries. Nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A show reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones and have resulted in a rise in treatment failures. Over the past few decades, nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella spp have emerged in Nepal as well.MATERIAL & METHODS: This is a retrospective study that aims to provide a more recent antibiogram of S. Typhi and S. Paratyphi A isolates in Kathmandu. Between Poush, 2071 and Ashwin, 2072 (December 16, 2014 to October 17, 2015), 186 culture positive cases of enteric fever were diagnosed at the Civil Service Hospital. Upon isolation of S. Typhi or S. Paratyphi A, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed with amoxicillin, azithromycin, ceftriaxone, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, nalidixic acid, ofloxacin and tetracyciline.RESULTS: This study shows a much higher frequency of nalidixic acid-resistance in Kathmandu than previously reported; 95.7% in Salmonella enterica serovar Paratyphi A and 86.5% in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi.The rates of ciprofloxacinand ofloxacin-resistance were over 50% in both serovar.CONCLUSION: In Nepal, it is necessary to reevaluate the use of fluoroquinolone therapy and introduce feasible alternatives so as to curb treatment failures.Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences (2017) Vol. 5, No, 2, Page: 22-25

scholarly journals Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in breast abscess: A case report

2012 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 608 ◽  
Author(s):  
SSrivani Ramesh ◽  
ESathish Kumar ◽  
REsther Mary Selvam
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Breast Abscess ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi

scholarly journals Comparision of Antibiotic Susceptility of Levofloxacin with Other Commonly Tested Antibiotics Against Salmonella Enterica Serovar (Typhi And Paratyphi A)

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-21
Author(s):  
A Chhetri ◽  
A Manandhar ◽  
Y Shah ◽  
RC Simkhada ◽  
R Paudyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility ◽  
Enteric Fever ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi ◽  
Antibiotic Susceptibility Test

Background: Increasing antibiotic resistance of bacteria is a global problem. Fluoroquinolones are recommended as first line therapy for children and adults infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and Paratyphi A. The purpose of this study was to compare the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of different classes of antibiotics with levofloxacin from blood samples of suspected enteric fever patients visiting Birhospital, Kathmandu. Methods: Antibiotic susceptibility test was performed by Kirby-Bauerdisc diffusion method as per Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute guideline. Results: Among 50 isolates of Salmonella enterica, 39 (78%) were S.Typhi and 11 (22%) were S. Paratyphi A. All the isolates were tested against antibiotics, and all isolates were found sensitive to chloramphenicol and ceftriaxone whereas 3 isolates of S. Typhi were resistant to ciprofloxacin and 1 was resistant to levofloxacin. Fluoroquinolone resistant S. ParatyphiA was not observed. Among the 10 (20%) multi drug resistant isolates, only 1 isolate was resistant to levofloxacin which was S. Typhi. Both S.Typhi (96.7%) and S. Paratyphi A (89.4%) were resistant to Nalidixic acid. Conclusion: High level of nalidixic acid resistance and even some fluoroquinolone resistance showed that the treatment of the enteric fever cannot be relied on the fluoroquinolones. Nepal Journal of Medical Sciences | Volume 03 | Number 01 | January-June 2014 | Page 19-21 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njms.v3i1.10344

scholarly journals Suitable Disk Antimicrobial Susceptibility Breakpoints Defining Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi Isolates with Reduced Susceptibility to Fluoroquinolones

2010 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 5201-5208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher M. Parry ◽  
Chau Tran Thuy ◽  
Sabina Dongol ◽  
Abhilasha Karkey ◽  
Ha Vinh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Delayed Response ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi ◽  
Nalidixic Acid Resistance ◽  
Disk Susceptibility

ABSTRACT Infections with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi isolates that have reduced susceptibility to ofloxacin (MIC ≥ 0.25 μg/ml) or ciprofloxacin (MIC ≥ 0.125 μg/ml) have been associated with a delayed response or clinical failure following treatment with these antimicrobials. These isolates are not detected as resistant using current disk susceptibility breakpoints. We examined 816 isolates of S. Typhi from seven Asian countries. Screening for nalidixic acid resistance (MIC ≥ 16 μg/ml) identified isolates with an ofloxacin MIC of ≥0.25 μg/ml with a sensitivity of 97.3% (253/260) and specificity of 99.3% (552/556). For isolates with a ciprofloxacin MIC of ≥0.125 μg/ml, the sensitivity was 92.9% (248/267) and specificity was 98.4% (540/549). A zone of inhibition of ≤28 mm around a 5-μg ofloxacin disc detected strains with an ofloxacin MIC of ≥0.25 μg/ml with a sensitivity of 94.6% (246/260) and specificity of 94.2% (524/556). A zone of inhibition of ≤30 mm detected isolates with a ciprofloxacin MIC of ≥0.125 μg/ml with a sensitivity of 94.0% (251/267) and specificity of 94.2% (517/549). An ofloxacin MIC of ≥0.25 μg/ml and a ciprofloxacin MIC of ≥0.125 μg/ml detected 74.5% (341/460) of isolates with an identified quinolone resistance-inducing mutation and 81.5% (331/406) of the most common mutant (carrying a serine-to-phenylalanine mutation at codon 83 in the gyrA gene). Screening for nalidixic acid resistance or ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin disk inhibition zone are suitable for detecting S. Typhi isolates with reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Ciprofloxacin and Nalidixic Acid Resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shirin Afroj ◽  
Mohammad Ilias ◽  
Maksuda Islam ◽  
Samir K Saha
Keyword(s):  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Rflp Analysis ◽  
Variable Number ◽  
Gyra Gene ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Almost All

A total of 1,059 Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi were isolated from blood samples during January 2006 to  October 2007 from urban rural facilities in Dhaka, Bangladesh, of which 980 (92.5%) isolates were nalidixic  acid resistant. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of ciprofloxacin (CIP) were determined for 127  nalidixic acid resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (NARST) strains (every fifth) isolated during 2006.  Nine isolates were found to be resistant against CIP (3%) with high MIC (12 - >32 ?g/mL). Only four isolates  were found to be sensitive (MIC <0.125 ?g/mL), whereas most of the isolates (N=113) showed reduced  susceptibility (MIC 0.125 – 2 ?g/mL) to CIP. All these isolates were subjected to molecular typing by multiplex  PCR on VNTR (variable number tandem repeats) loci, which revealed eight different VNTR patterns. Almost  all CIP resistant strains had similar genetic organization, identical to the most common VNTR type. Restriction  fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the gyrA gene revealed point mutations at Ser-83 and Asp-  87 in all CIP resistant strains. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjm.v28i1.11802   Bangladesh J Microbiol, Volume 28, Number 1, June 2011, pp 7-11

scholarly journals Breast abscess due to Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi in a young diabetic female

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-20
Author(s):  
Lovely Barai ◽  
SA Jilani ◽  
Ashraful Haq
Keyword(s):  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Salmonella Enterica ◽  
The Body ◽  
Abscess Formation ◽  
Breast Abscess ◽  
Salmonella Enterica Serovar Typhi ◽  
Specific Symptoms

Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) is occasionally associated with abscess formation in various organs of the body. But breast abscess by S. Typhi without the general and specific symptoms of typhoid fever is unusual. We report a case of breast abscess due to S. Typhi in a 20 year old nonlactating diabetic female without the features of typhoid fever. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/imcj.v7i1.17743 Ibrahim Med. Coll. J. 2013; 7(1): 16-17

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