scholarly journals A Relevância Do Treinamento De Habilidades Não Técnicas Na Atuação De Pilotos De Avião

2021 ◽  
pp. 57-76
Author(s):  
João Pedro Lima Acosta ◽  
Nagi Hanna Salm Costa
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Crew Resource Management ◽  
Flight Training ◽  
Competency Based

Historicamente, a formação de pilotos de avião foi, de modo predominante, voltada ao treinamento e desenvolvimento de habilidades técnicas, isto é, aquelas ligadas a aspectos como o controle da aeronave, o conhecimento de sistemas e motores e a navegação aérea. Com o advento de aeronaves comerciais cada vez mais automatizadas, os pilotos passaram a desempenhar também uma nova função, a de gerenciadores de sistemas automatizados. Por certo, a automação aumentou a segurança das operações aéreas devido à diminuição de falhas técnicas relacionadas à integridade da aeronave. Contudo, acidentes e incidentes aeronáuticos ainda ocorrem, tendo agora como principal fator contribuinte o aspecto humano e operacional. Logo, identificou-se a necessidade de melhorar o treinamento desses pilotos sob a ótica das habilidades não técnicas. Considerado esse cenário, o presente estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de elucidar a importância do desenvolvimento de habilidades não técnicas na atuação dos pilotos de avião. Tais habilidades são mais comumente ensinadas por meio de treinamentos como o Crew Resource Management (CRM), o Line Oriented Flight Training (LOFT), o Treinamento de Habilidades Sociais (THS), o Multi-Crew Pilot License (MPL) e o Competency-Based Training (EBT), bem como identificadas pelo sistema NOTECHS. O propósito desses treinamentos é ensinar e desenvolver habilidades como comunicação e gerenciamento de recursos de cabine, atitude, julgamento, tomada de decisão, assim como o manejo de respostas emocionais e de fatores estressores. No entanto, tais treinamentos aqui citados ainda são de difícil acesso no mundo, principalmente no Brasil, então, é necessário que as agências reguladoras criem normas que implementem esses treinamentos nas instituições de ensino, para que no futuro tenha-se uma diminuição do fator humano como contribuinte das ocorrências aeronáuticas através de um correto treinamento e atuação dos profissionais.

Instructor Strategies in the Assessment of Aircrews: Heuristics in CRM Assessment and Their Operational Implications

1993 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-131
Author(s):  
William A. McDougall ◽  
Thomas L. Seamster ◽  
Eleana S. Edens
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Expert System ◽  
Protocol Analysis ◽  
Crew Resource Management ◽  
Assessment Process ◽  
Flight Training ◽  
Complex Line ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Training Methodologies ◽  
And Training

Established Crew Resource Management (CRM) research has concentrated on the analysis of actual crew behaviors and crew training. As CRM research and training matures, assessment issues take on increasing importance. Current research emphasis has broadened and shifted focus from crew training methodologies in recognition of the importance of the assessment process. The identification of the strategies that experienced instructors employ in efficient CRM assessment is essential to a better understanding of the assessment process. These learned strategies help experienced instructors focus on key crew behaviors in complex Line-Oriented Flight Training (LOFT). This present research was designed to identify these strategies employed by experienced instructors as part of a larger effort to develop a prototype CRM assessment expert system. Protocol analysis techniques were used to develop a set of assessment rules for the prototype expert system. The experienced instructor protocols were translated into a set of pseudo-code rules. The lower-level rules, derived from the experienced instructor protocols, were analyzed and abstracted into a set of general strategies. These are the strategies that the experienced instructor has learned to use to help focus on the key crew behaviors in the complex Line-Oriented Flight Training (LOFT) scenario environment where the instructor cannot observe all behaviors. These strategies have a number of implications for training new instructor/assessors, the standardization and calibration of LOFT assessors, and for achieving more systematic CRM assessments.

Integrating Safety and Crew Resource Management (CRM) Aspects in the Recurrent Training of Cabin Crew Members

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandrina Ritzmann ◽  
Annette Kluge ◽  
Vera Hagemann ◽  
Margot Tanner
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Integrated Design ◽  
Crew Resource Management ◽  
Training Module ◽  
Cabin Crew ◽  
Training Cycle ◽  
Aviation Training ◽  
Training Format ◽  
Instructional Design Principles ◽  
Practical Instruction

Recurrent training of cabin crew should include theoretical and practical instruction on safety as well as crew resource management (CRM) issues. The endeavors of Swiss International Air Lines Ltd. and Swiss Aviation Training Ltd. to integrate CRM and safety aspects into a single training module were evaluated. The objective of the integration was to make CRM more tangible and ease acquisition of competencies and transfer of CRM training content to practice by showing its relevance in relation to safety tasks. It was of interest whether the integrated design would be mirrored in a more favorable perception by the trainees as measured with a questionnaire. Participants reacted more positively to the integrated training than to stand-alone CRM training, although the integrated training was judged as being slightly more difficult and less oriented toward instructional design principles. In a range of forced-choice questions, the majority of participants opted for an integrated training format because it was seen as livelier and more interesting and also more practically relevant. For the forthcoming training cycle, a better alignment of training with instructional principles and an even higher degree of training integration by using simulator scenarios are striven for.

scholarly journals Enhancing Maritime Crew Resource Management Training by Applying Resilience Engineering: A Case Study of the Bachelor Maritime Officer Training Programme in Rotterdam

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 378
Author(s):  
Jaco Griffioen ◽  
Monique van der Drift ◽  
Hans van den Broek
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Human Error ◽  
Crew Resource Management ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Safety Performance ◽  
Resilience Engineering ◽  
Crew Resource Management Training

This paper sets out to enhance current Maritime Crew Resource Management (MCRM) training, and with that to improve the training of technical and non-technical skills given to bachelor maritime officers. The rationale for CRM training is improving safety performance by reducing accidents caused by human error. The central notion of CRM training is that applying good resource management principles during day-to-day operations will lead to a beneficial change in attitudes and behaviour regarding safety. This article therefore indicates that enhanced MCRM should play a more structural role in the training of student officers. However, the key question is: what are the required changes in attitude and behaviour that will create sufficient adaptability to improve safety performance? To provide an answer, we introduce the Resilience Engineering (RE) theory. From an RE point of view, we elaborate on the relation between team adaptability and safety performance, operationalized as a competence profile. In addition, a case study of the ‘Rotterdam Approach’ will be presented, in which the MCRM training design has been enhanced with RE, with the objective to train team adaptability skills for improved safety performance.

scholarly journals Crew Resource Management Training for Surgical Teams, A Fragmented Landscape

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
W.M.U. van Grevenstein ◽  
E.M. van der Linde ◽  
J.G. Heetman ◽  
J.F. Lange ◽  
Th. J. ten Cate ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Crew Resource Management ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Fragmented Landscape ◽  
Crew Resource Management Training ◽  
Surgical Teams

Transfer of crew resource management training

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathon R.B. Halbesleben ◽  
Karen R. Cox ◽  
Leslie Hall
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Crew Resource Management ◽  
Management Training ◽  
Crew Resource Management Training

Abstract 281: First successful implementation of Crew Resource Management techniques adapted form the aviation industry to an Argentine Hospital

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
GERARDO E BOZOVICH ◽  
FRANCISCO KLEIN
Keyword(s):  
Resource Management ◽  
Communication Skills ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Crew Resource Management ◽  
The United States ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Aviation Industry ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
American Hospital ◽  
Airline Pilots

Introduction: Medical errors are a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitals worldwide. Poor teamwork and communication skills rather than lack of technical knowledge have been identified as a common factor in numerous studies. Objective: To promote a safer medical practice through the adoption of Crew Resource Management (CRM) procedures directly adapted from the aviation industry for the first time in Argentina. Methods: Starting in 2009 we organized a hybrid team of two physicians/amateur aviators and two expert airline pilots with a significant background on safety analysis and CRM training . The setting for the initial experience was a teaching hospital with high volume cardiovascular and organ transplantation departments. CRM training has been offered at least once a year in a non compulsory manner to the entire spectrum of healthcare personnel, including medical and nursing students. Courses are structured in two day sessions divided in several chapters and workshops: Introduction, statistics, leadership, communication skills, and avoidance of risky behaviors. Slides, full text articles and reports are available for permanent consultation by personnel along with discussion forums at the Moodle based site of the program. Results: Satisfaction levels among attendees has consistently averaged 92%. Following training, briefings and debriefings have been implemented as standard procedures along with checklists both at Intensive Care, Operating Rooms and General Ward. No wrong side or wrong patient interventions have been reported over 3 years, while in 1/9500 surgical procedures a misidentification of a patient occurred with successful detection at the second crossed check on admission to the OR. Overdosing was reported in 1 every 4960 admissions, none fatal or disabling. Conclusions: Choosing a hybrid team of physicians and airline pilots rather than physicians or nurses alone as facilitators was a key factor to spark interest in teamwork factors and to avoid fear of punishment following reports. Despite cultural differences, CRM can be as feasible and successful in a Latin American hospital environment as previously shown in several centers in the United States.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document