scholarly journals Analogous Labor To The Slave In The Brazilian Textile Industry

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-46
Author(s):  
Dalk Dias Salomão Neto ◽  
Nicole Moreira Faria Sousa ◽  
Carla Viana Dendasck ◽  
Amanda Alves Fecury ◽  
Euzébio de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
International Labor Organization ◽  
Textile Workers ◽  
Slave Labor ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
International Labor ◽  
The World

The institute of slavery has been present in humanity since the beginning of the existence of the human being. Slavery in Brazil has sustained the economy for centuries. Millions of Africans were taken from their homeland and placed in degrading conditions of life and work. The process of abolishing slavery was time-consuming and gradual. There were centuries of much struggle and suffering for the world to begin to realize the evil that slavery represents. Even after the abolition of slavery it was common to see the worker trapped in the field by debts, or by laws that empowered employers in relation to the employee. The objective of this research was to analyze the working conditions analogous to the slave in the Brazilian textile industry. It was carried out with bibliographic review and qualitative analysis. Due to his new clothing contemporary slave labor became invisible for some time. The factors that make it possible to commit this crime, even if in today, it is basically related to a tripod: impunity, poverty and profit. The situation of misery of the neediest population forces them to undergo types of work in subhuman conditions. These textile workers are mainly immigrants from neighboring, underdeveloped countries from Latin America. Brazil was one of the first countries in the world to recognize this type of work, and that jointly with the International Labor Organization (ILO) and oysternon-governmental entities seek to combat such criminal practice on their territory.

scholarly journals Avançou? Retrocedeu? Considerações sobre os direitos humanos e as ações afirmativas para os povos Indígenas na América Latina

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Juliane Sachser Angnes ◽  
Elisa Yoshie Ichikawa ◽  
Marcel Luciano Klozovski ◽  
Maria De Fátima Quintal de Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Latin America ◽  
Indigenous Peoples ◽  
Labor Organization ◽  
International Labor Organization ◽  
International Labor ◽  
The Subject ◽  
America Latina

This theoretical essay proposes to understand how the contemporary conception of Human Rights is configured, and from that, to articulate the affirmative actions for Indigenous peoples inserted in this conception. In other words, it reflects on how this process took place in Latin America, that is, whether these actions proposed in Latin America for Indigenous peoples adopt a perspective constituted by the “subject of law” being seen in its particularity and peculiarity, and whether there have been advances or setbacks. The results showed that, specifically, from the conceptions presented at the International Labor Organization (OIT) there was a break in the integrationist paradigm, showing a real advance in the expressions of these conceptions and the ways in which indigenous societies are understood, at least in the applied legislation in Latin America. However, there is still much to reflect on and fight for.

International Labor Organization

1954 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 570-577
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Forced Labor ◽  
Director General ◽  
Labor Organization ◽  
International Labor Organization ◽  
Governing Body ◽  
International Labor ◽  
General Note ◽  
Preliminary Consideration

The 125th session of the Governing Body of the International Labor Organization was held in Geneva on May 28 and 29, 1954, with Mr. A. M. Malik (Pakistan) presiding. Preliminary consideration was given to the agenda for the 39th session of the ILO Conference (1956), which, it was decided, would be comprised of the Director-Generals report, financial and budgetary questions, and information on the application of Conventions and Recommendations, The Director-General was requested to submit to the November session of the Governing Body reports dealing with the national law and practices of member states in the fields of (1) weekly rest in commerce and offices, (2) living and working conditions of indigenous populations in independent countries, and (3) forced labor. He was also requested to provide a general note on the conditions of plantation workers and on discrimination in the field of employment and occupation.

Perception of journalists reporting in conflict zones: Labour situation, working conditions and main challenges in information coverage in contexts of violence

2020 ◽  
pp. 175063522097100
Author(s):  
Santiago Tejedor ◽  
Laura Cervi ◽  
Fernanda Tusa
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Delphi Method ◽  
Conflict Zones ◽  
The World ◽  
The Caribbean ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Governmental Control ◽  
Information Coverage

A total of 324 journalists have been killed in the world in the last decade. In Latin America and the Caribbean, the situation is alarming. Based on these statistics, this work presents an investigation with journalists from 10 countries. Based on in-depth interviews and the Delphi method, the study explores professionals’ perspectives about violence against journalists, pointing out the challenges for women, the role of independent media together with journalists’ networks and an increasing concern about governmental control over information.

Lending a Hand to Labor: James Myers and the Federal Council of Churches, 1926–1947

1999 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Fones-Wolf ◽  
Ken Fones-Wolf
Keyword(s):  
North Carolina ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Textile Industry ◽  
Textile Workers ◽  
Industrial Conflict ◽  
Christian Century ◽  
Federal Council Of Churches ◽  
Low Wages

On 31 September 1929, James Myers, the industrial secretary of the Federal Council of Churches (FCC), arrived in Marion, North Carolina, to investigate the causes for the continuing industrial unrest that had swept across the southern textile industry since the spring. Shortly after Myers's arrival, as the textile workers attempted to picket the plant, sheriff's deputies fired into the crowd, killing six strikers and wounding twenty-five others. Myers's eulogy for the slain workers admonished the mill owners for the harsh working conditions and low wages, but mostly for their opposition to their workers' right to organize. He also scolded clergymen who argued that industrial conflict was “not the Church's business.” Over the ensuing months, Myers set an example of Christian involvement in labor unrest. He investigated the strike's impact on the community, he met with the governor, and he offered to help mediate the conflict. Dismayed by the suffering that he had uncovered, Myers also organized a relief campaign among church people on behalf of the families of the striking workers. Reflecting on Myers's efforts, the Christian Century declared that Myers stood “almost alone as representative of any active concern in the churches” in the midst of “appalling industrial warfare.” Otherwise, “the forces of organized religion would have to confess to an amazing indifference when confronted by the most acute industrial conflict of the year.”

International Labor Organization

1955 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 168-172
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Indigenous Populations ◽  
Forced Labor ◽  
Director General ◽  
Labor Organization ◽  
International Labor Organization ◽  
Governing Body ◽  
International Labor ◽  
Conference Committee

Governing BodyThe Governing Body of the International Labor Organization held its 127th session in Rome from November 16 through 19, 1954, under the chairmanship of Mr. R. Ago (Italy). After deciding that the 39th session of the ILO Conference should open in Geneva on June 6, 1956, and noting that, in addition to the regular agenda items, the questions of vocational training in agriculture and welfare facilities for workers were likely to be carried over from the 38th session, the Governing Body considered several reports put before it by the Director-General (Morse) relating to possible further agenda items for the 39th session of the Conference. A study on discrimination in the field of employment and occupation, and a note setting forth certain questions relating to conditions of plantation workers were also discussed. The Governing Body decided to add to the agenda of the 39th session three new items of 1) forced labor, 2) weekly rest in commerce and offices, and 3) living and working conditions of indigenous populations in independent countries. The Governing Body's Committee on Standing Orders and the Application of Conventions and Recommendations was instructed to give further consideration to various points relating to the organization of the work of the ILO Conference, and particularly to arrangements for discussion of the Director-General's report and the work of the Conference committee on the application of conventions and recommendations.

International Labor Organization

1949 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 532-536 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Vocational Training ◽  
Labor Organization ◽  
International Labor Organization ◽  
International Convention ◽  
International Labor

The thirty-second general conference of the International Labor Organization opened in Geneva on June 8,1949. The conference was to consider, among others, seven separate items: 1) a Polish resolution on wages; 2) an international convention on wages; 3) changes in the voting procedure; 4) two conventions on migratory employment; 5) a convention on working conditions; and 6) a formal recommendation on vocational training.

International Recognition

2020 ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
Mona Lena Krook
Keyword(s):  
Violence Against Women ◽  
General Assembly ◽  
The Political ◽  
Labor Organization ◽  
International Labor Organization ◽  
Special Rapporteur ◽  
Online Harassment ◽  
International Labor ◽  
The World ◽  
Un General Assembly

Chapter 5 traces how the discussions outlined in previous chapters have become embedded in a growing number of international normative frameworks. The architecture surrounding the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) has provided one entry point. The CEDAW Committee raised the issue in a number of country reviews and issued several General Recommendations alluding to violence in the political sphere. A second pathway has been via the mandate of the UN Special Rapporteur on Violence against Women, who issued two reports on this topic in 2018. A third involves UN General Assembly resolutions, including a recent resolution identifying sexual harassment as a form of violence against women referencing violence in politics. The new International Labor Organization Convention Concerning the Elimination of Violence and Harassment in the World of Work serves as a fourth venue, filling important gaps related to sexual and online harassment in political spaces.

International Labor Organization

1950 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-491
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Trade Unions ◽  
Forced Labor ◽  
Labor Organization ◽  
International Labor Organization ◽  
Governing Body ◽  
International Labor ◽  
The World ◽  
Regional Conference

Governing BodyBefore concluding its 111th session in Geneva, the ILO Governing Body took the following actions: 1) established a committee to advise the Governing Body on “Asian problems and on the Asian aspects of general problems;” 2) accepted the application of the International Confederation of Free Trade Unions for consultative relationships with ILO; 3) decided to hold early in 1951 a Near and Middle East Regional Conference; and 4) deferred until its autumn session consideration of the proposal that ILO create a commission to conduct an impartial inquiry into the nature and extent of forced labor throughout the world.

scholarly journals Why do Female and Male Children Work?

1970 ◽  
pp. 28-30
Author(s):  
Aseel Sawalha
Keyword(s):  
Labor Organization ◽  
International Labor Organization ◽  
International Labor ◽  
The World

The international Labor Organization (ILO) estimates that over 200 million children are employed all over the world.

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