Effects of On-Call Shifts on Physicians' Cognitive Performance, Level of Alertness, Mood, and Safety:

A hospital physician's work demands high cognitive performance, quick judgment, prompt and flawless decision making, a high concentration level, and fine motor skills. However, physicians frequently experience periods of acute sleep deprivation due to the extended on-call shift lengths. This may affect cognitive functions, alertness, and mood; therefore, the overall performance. This article will review the effects of long shifts (on-call hours) and the result of sleep deprivation on physician affecting their general performance and safety, as well as the implications of such effects on patient care. Recommendations and suggestions proposals will be presented for consideration by the training boards, the Saudi Commission for Health Specialties, to improve physicians' performance and assure patients' safety without jeopardizing the trainees' postgraduate education.

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Could BDNF be involved in compensatory mechanisms to maintain cognitive performance despite acute sleep deprivation? An exploratory study

International Journal of Psychophysiology ◽

10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.11.008 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 99 ◽

pp. 96-102 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Bruno Lima Giacobbo ◽

Márcio Silveira Corrêa ◽

Kelem Vedovelli ◽

Carlos Eduardo Bruhn de Souza ◽

Letícia Martins Spitza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Exploratory Study ◽

Compensatory Mechanisms ◽

Acute Sleep Deprivation

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The degree of radiation-induced DNA strand breaks is altered by acute sleep deprivation and psychological stress and is associated with cognitive performance in humans

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsy067 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 (7) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Maria Moreno-Villanueva ◽

Gudrun von Scheven ◽

Alan Feiveson ◽

Alexander Bürkle ◽

Honglu Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Psychological Stress ◽

Dna Strand Breaks ◽

Strand Breaks ◽

Radiation Induced ◽

Acute Sleep Deprivation ◽

Dna Strand

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Acute sleep deprivation: the effects of the AMPAKINE compound CX717 on human cognitive performance, alertness and recovery sleep

Journal of Psychopharmacology ◽

10.1177/0269881111405353 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (8) ◽

pp. 1047-1057 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Julia Boyle ◽

Neil Stanley ◽

Lynette M James ◽

Nicola Wright ◽

Sigurd Johnsen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Recovery Sleep ◽

Acute Sleep Deprivation

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Manual Behavior, Lateralization of Manual Skills and Cognitive Performance of Preschool Children

Perceptual and Motor Skills ◽

10.2466/pms.1989.68.1.267 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 68 (1) ◽

pp. 267-272 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Pietro Smirni ◽

Giuseppe Zappalà

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Motor Performance ◽

Cognitive Tasks ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Motor Ability ◽

Diagnostic Parameter ◽

Hands On ◽

Manual Skills

Direction and degree of manual specialization (functional asymmetry between the hands) on a pegboard task, and fine motor ability (total number of pegs inserted) of both hands were correlated with verbal and visuospatial performances for 47 preschool children. No significant differences were found between right-, and left-, and mixed-handers even though the best motor skills were shown by the 6 mixed-handed subjects, who also had the highest scores on cognitive tasks. Verbal and visuospatial performances were not correlated with degree or direction of manual specialization. They were instead correlated with the level of motor ability of both hands. Motor maturation should be viewed, then, as a process that implies a richer motor performance of both hands and could be interpreted as a more specific diagnostic parameter than the traditional indices of handedness in cognitive fields.

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Adult Gross Motor Learning and Sleep: Is There a Mutual Benefit?

Neural Plasticity ◽

10.1155/2018/3076986 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Monica Christova ◽

Hannes Aftenberger ◽

Raffaele Nardone ◽

Eugen Gallasch

Keyword(s):

Motor Learning ◽

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Performing Arts ◽

Procedural Memory ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Motor Tasks ◽

Gross Motor ◽

Gross Motor Skills ◽

The Impact

Posttraining consolidation, also known as offline learning, refers to neuroplastic processes and systemic reorganization by which newly acquired skills are converted from an initially transient state into a more permanent state. An extensive amount of research on cognitive and fine motor tasks has shown that sleep is able to enhance these processes, resulting in more stable declarative and procedural memory traces. On the other hand, limited evidence exists concerning the relationship between sleep and learning of gross motor skills. We are particularly interested in this relationship with the learning of gross motor skills in adulthood, such as in the case of sports, performing arts, devised experimental tasks, and rehabilitation practice. Thus, the present review focuses on sleep and gross motor learning (GML) in adults. The literature on the impact of sleep on GML, the consequences of sleep deprivation, and the influence of GML on sleep architecture were evaluated for this review. While sleep has proven to be beneficial for most gross motor tasks, sleep deprivation in turn has not always resulted in performance decay. Furthermore, correlations between motor performance and sleep parameters have been found. These results are of potential importance for integrating sleep in physiotherapeutic interventions, especially for patients with impaired gross motor functions.

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0264 EFFECT OF ACUTE SLEEP DEPRIVATION ON COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE AND FEAR EXTINCTION RECALL

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleepj/zsx050.263 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 40 (suppl_1) ◽

pp. A97-A97

Author(s):

ML Steele ◽

N Rode ◽

R Stocker ◽

RL McNamee ◽

A Germain

Keyword(s):

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Fear Extinction ◽

Acute Sleep Deprivation

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123 Detrimental effects of acute sleep deprivation on perceptual metacognition

SLEEP ◽

10.1093/sleep/zsab072.122 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽

pp. A50-A50

Author(s):

Marco Bigica ◽

Chunxiang Jiang ◽

Ilenia D’Onofrio ◽

Zhishan Liu ◽

Chen Song

Keyword(s):

Sleep Deprivation ◽

Executive Functions ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Orientation Discrimination ◽

Perceptual Decision ◽

Recovery Sleep ◽

Acute Sleep Deprivation ◽

Flicker Fusion ◽

Perceptual Threshold ◽

Metacognitive Accuracy

Abstract Introduction Sleep deprivation (SD) impairs cognitive performance but its impact on metacognition – i.e. the ability to introspect about cognitive performance – is less clear. A few studies have assessed metacognitive accuracy after acute sleep deprivation in tasks of executive functions and found no impairments. However, whether SD has no influence on metacognition of other cognitive domains such as perception has not been investigated. In this study, we examined how metacognitive accuracy in perceptual decision tasks is affected by 32 hours of sustained wakefulness. Methods 14 participants (3 males, aged 20-32) repeated four visual psychophysical tasks (orientation discrimination, two-flicker fusion, vernier acuity and a novel face/house discrimination in noise) at regular intervals during 32 hours of sustained wakefulness and once after 8 hours recovery sleep. In each task, we concurrently measured quantitative indices of perceptual threshold, confidence rating and metacognitive accuracy (i.e. how well confidence ratings discriminate correct vs incorrect perceptual judgements). Results We observed a gradual increase of perceptual threshold in all tasks with increased time awake. Furthermore, metacognitive accuracy gradually decreased during sustained wakefulness in all tasks. Specifically, the decrease in metacognitive accuracy was driven by over-estimated confidence in trials when participants made incorrect perceptual judgements. After recovery sleep, perceptual thresholds were reset to baseline for all tasks, while metacognitive accuracy was reset to baseline for the orientation discrimination and two-flicker fusion tasks only. Conclusion We showed that sustained wakefulness up to 32 hours increasingly impairs metacognitive accuracy in perceptual decision tasks. These results are consistent across different perceptual tasks, but are in contrast to previous studies showing preserved metacognition of executive functions after SD. Overall, this suggests that the fundamental mechanisms of perceptual metacognition may be similarly affected by sleep deprivation, but that SD selectively impacts different domains of metacognition, such as perceptual metacognition and metacognition of executive functions. Support (if any) MB - Cardiff University PhD Funding CS - Wellcome Trust 209192/Z/17/Z

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A-33 Pediatric Intraindividual Variability: Examining Dispersion across Cognitive Domains

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology ◽

10.1093/arclin/acab062.51 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 36 (6) ◽

pp. 1074-1074

Author(s):

Claire Friedhoff ◽

Alexandra Kirsch

Keyword(s):

Cognitive Development ◽

Cognitive Performance ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Developmental Disorders ◽

Intraindividual Variability ◽

Fine Motor ◽

Maximum Deviation ◽

Cognitive Domains ◽

Adhd Diagnosis ◽

Visual Motor

Abstract Objective Intraindividual variability (IIV), defined as variability in performance across different cognitive domains within an individual, has been studied in adults and found to be linked to sex, age, and mean cognitive performance, and associated with developmental disorders (e.g., ADHD), focal disorders, and cognitive decline. In contrast, IIV in children is thought to be related to cognitive development rather than impairment, but has not been well studied with relation to differences across sex, age, diagnoses, or mean cognitive performance. Method Participants included 426 children/young adults (ages 3–25; M = 11.75, SD = 4.01; 62.3% male) referred for neuropsychological evaluation at a hospital-based outpatient clinic. A battery of tests was administered measuring several domains, including intelligence, academics, attention, executive functions, language, memory, visual motor integration, and fine motor skills. Intraindividual standard deviation (ISD) and maximum deviation (MD) were used as measures of IIV. Results Sex was not related to ISD or MD, ts(423) = −1.15 – -0.09, ps = 0.251–0.930. Age, measured categorically, was not related to ISD, F(3) = 0.07, p = 0.974, but was related to MD, F(3) = 3.45, p = 0.017 with children age 3–5 having lower MD. ADHD diagnosis was not related to ISD or MD, ts(417) = −1.25 – −1.19, ps = 0.211–0.234. An inverse relationship was observed between mean cognitive performance and ISD, F(1) = 36.43, p < 0.001, and MD, F(1) = 25.92, p < 0.001. Conclusions The current study did not replicate differences in IIV based on sex or diagnosis of ADHD in children. However, differences based on age and mean cognitive performance are consistent with previous literature, suggesting that IIV may reflect differences in cognitive development, secondary to both skill and age, in children.

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