scholarly journals Affordable Housing In Toronto: Legislative And Regulatory Tools For Municipal LED Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Kolsteren
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Policy Issue ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Social Mix ◽  
The City ◽  
Economic Imperative

This paper analyses the regulatory and legislative tools for affordable housing in Toronto. Through a review of relevant literature and interviews with key informants, key trends in affordable housing in Toronto have been identified. An analysis of affordable housing in Vancouver and Montreal is provided to show divergences and similarities in other Canadian cities. Key findings of this research reveal several trends. Firstly, past funding of housing was often rationalized as an economic imperative, rather than as a social policy issue. Secondly, federal retrenchment and Ontario government offloading have placed responsibility for housing on Toronto, which has neither the financial nor regulatory tools to adequately fund housing. Thirdly, this lack of capacity has led Toronto to adopt a more entrepreneurial approach to housing, using public-private partnerships, social mix revitalization initiatives, and other market influenced development mechanisms. These findings highlight difficulties on the part of Toronto to develop new affordable housing at a time when the city continues to grow and demand for housing is increasing.

scholarly journals Affordable Housing In Toronto: Legislative And Regulatory Tools For Municipal LED Development

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alex Kolsteren
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Policy Issue ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
Social Mix ◽  
The City ◽  
Economic Imperative

This paper analyses the regulatory and legislative tools for affordable housing in Toronto. Through a review of relevant literature and interviews with key informants, key trends in affordable housing in Toronto have been identified. An analysis of affordable housing in Vancouver and Montreal is provided to show divergences and similarities in other Canadian cities. Key findings of this research reveal several trends. Firstly, past funding of housing was often rationalized as an economic imperative, rather than as a social policy issue. Secondly, federal retrenchment and Ontario government offloading have placed responsibility for housing on Toronto, which has neither the financial nor regulatory tools to adequately fund housing. Thirdly, this lack of capacity has led Toronto to adopt a more entrepreneurial approach to housing, using public-private partnerships, social mix revitalization initiatives, and other market influenced development mechanisms. These findings highlight difficulties on the part of Toronto to develop new affordable housing at a time when the city continues to grow and demand for housing is increasing.

scholarly journals Housing As Social Assistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shem Curtis
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Neoliberal Reform ◽  
Conservative Government ◽  
Social Mix ◽  
The City ◽  
Policy Failures

<div>This Major Research Paper conducted analysis of social housing policies and regulations in Ontario from 1993 to present. It was done to unearth the dominant discourses that informed social housing policies. Through a review of the Literature, a broader perspective will be had on social housing as well as social assistance, of which is deeply intertwined with social housing. The lack of a national strategy on social housing has caused Toronto to adopt a more entrepreneurial approach to housing, using public private partnerships, social mix revitalization initiatives, and other market and third sector influenced development mechanisms.</div><div><br></div><div>Social policy has been neoliberalized in Ontario at least since the advent of the ‘Common Sense Revolution’ in 1995, when a Conservative government was elected on a platform of neoliberal reform. Since then social housing has not been given the priority it deserves even with the changing of government and promises to address the lack of affordable housing in Toronto. These findings highlight difficulties on the part of Toronto to develop new affordable housing at a time when the city continues to grow and demand for housing is increasing. The visibility of homelessness across the city suggest policy failures and a need to act, to address the problem of lack of affordable housing post haste.</div>

scholarly journals Housing As Social Assistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris Lovadina-Lee
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Neoliberal Reform ◽  
Conservative Government ◽  
Social Mix ◽  
The City ◽  
Policy Failures

<div>This Major Research Paper conducted analysis of social housing policies and regulations in Ontario from 1993 to present. It was done to unearth the dominant discourses that informed social housing policies. Through a review of the Literature, a broader perspective will be had on social housing as well as social assistance, of which is deeply intertwined with social housing. The lack of a national strategy on social housing has caused Toronto to adopt a more entrepreneurial approach to housing, using public private partnerships, social mix revitalization initiatives, and other market and third sector influenced development mechanisms.</div><div><br></div><div>Social policy has been neoliberalized in Ontario at least since the advent of the ‘Common Sense Revolution’ in 1995, when a Conservative government was elected on a platform of neoliberal reform. Since then social housing has not been given the priority it deserves even with the changing of government and promises to address the lack of affordable housing in Toronto. These findings highlight difficulties on the part of Toronto to develop new affordable housing at</div><div>a time when the city continues to grow and demand for housing is increasing. The visibility of homelessness across the city suggest policy failures and a need to act, to address the problem of lack of affordable housing post haste.</div>

scholarly journals Housing As Social Assistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Doris Lovadina-Lee
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Social Housing ◽  
Social Assistance ◽  
Third Sector ◽  
Housing Policies ◽  
Neoliberal Reform ◽  
Conservative Government ◽  
Social Mix ◽  
The City ◽  
Policy Failures

<div>This Major Research Paper conducted analysis of social housing policies and regulations in Ontario from 1993 to present. It was done to unearth the dominant discourses that informed social housing policies. Through a review of the Literature, a broader perspective will be had on social housing as well as social assistance, of which is deeply intertwined with social housing. The lack of a national strategy on social housing has caused Toronto to adopt a more entrepreneurial approach to housing, using public private partnerships, social mix revitalization initiatives, and other market and third sector influenced development mechanisms.</div><div><br></div><div>Social policy has been neoliberalized in Ontario at least since the advent of the ‘Common Sense Revolution’ in 1995, when a Conservative government was elected on a platform of neoliberal reform. Since then social housing has not been given the priority it deserves even with the changing of government and promises to address the lack of affordable housing in Toronto. These findings highlight difficulties on the part of Toronto to develop new affordable housing at</div><div>a time when the city continues to grow and demand for housing is increasing. The visibility of homelessness across the city suggest policy failures and a need to act, to address the problem of lack of affordable housing post haste.</div>

scholarly journals Social Policy Responses of the Chilean State to the Earthquake and Tsunami of 2010

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-40
Author(s):  
Kirsten Sehnbruch ◽  
Nurjk Agloni ◽  
Walter Imilan ◽  
Claudia Sanhueza
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Natural Disasters ◽  
Natural Disaster ◽  
Public Private Partnerships ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Policy Structure ◽  
Reconstruction Effort ◽  
Allocation Criteria ◽  
Politica Publica ◽  
The City

Decades of neoliberal policy have left Chile with a skeletal state that administers social policy through targeting and outsourcing in public-private partnerships that lack coordination. The reconstruction after the 2010 earthquake and tsunami responded to the emergency largely according to these same principles. While official reports on the reconstruction effort show a state that is complying with its goals, evidence from fieldwork in the city of Constitución illustrates that this method is highly inadequate in the context of a natural disaster. Chile should establish a social policy structure for natural disasters that allows for a rapid response to a social emergency based on universal or near-universal allocation criteria. Varias décadas de políticas neoliberales han dejado a Chile con un estado débil que simplemente administra las políticas sociales por medio de la focalización y las subcontrataciones en alianzas público-privadas que carecen de coordinación. La reconstrucción después del terremoto y el sunami de 2010 respondió a la catástrofe mayormente de acuerdo a estos mismos principios. Mientras los informes oficiales sobre los esfuerzos de reconstrucción muestran a un estado que cumple con sus metas, el trabajo de campo en la ciudad de Constitución demuestra que este método es decididamente insuficiente en el contexto de un desastre natural. Chile debe establecer unas estructuras de política pública para lidiar con los desastres naturales que permitan dar una respuesta rápida a las emergencias sociales en base a criterios de asignación universales o casi universales.

scholarly journals Urban migrant and refugee solidarity beyond city limits

Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802097630
Author(s):  
Harald Bauder
Keyword(s):  
Nation State ◽  
Key Informants ◽  
The World ◽  
Urban Migrant ◽  
Refugee Policies ◽  
Municipal Boundaries ◽  
The City

Cities known around the world as sanctuary, solidarity or refuge cities are resisting restrictive national migration and refugee policies and are seeking ways to accommodate migrants and refugees who lack support from the nation state. In this paper I examine urban solidarity approaches in Berlin and Freiburg in Germany, and Zurich in Switzerland. Interviews with key informants reveal that urban solidarity in these cities is not limited to including migrants and refugees living within the city’s boundaries. Rather, urban solidarity reaches beyond municipal boundaries to connect different places and scales in the form of inter-urban solidarity networks and initiatives that aim to enable migrants and refugees who are still abroad to arrive in the city. The complex geographies of urban migrant and refugee solidarity reach far beyond city limits.

Favelas, Affordable Housing, and Authoritarian Urbanism in the Era of Mass Eradication in Rio de Janeiro, 1960s–1970s

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leandro Benmergui
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Social Science Research ◽  
Urban Infrastructure ◽  
Science Research ◽  
Military Regimes ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Right ◽  
The City

As the number of favelas and poor residents of Rio de Janeiro grew quickly by the mid-20th century, they became the object of policymaking, social science research, real estate speculation, and grassroots mobilization. After a decade in which local authorities recognized the de facto presence of favelas but without legally ascertaining the right of permanence, the 1960s and early 1970s witnessed the era of mass eradication. Seemingly contradictory—but complementary—policies also included the development of massive low-income housing complexes and innovative community development and favela urbanization experiences empowered by community organizations with the assistance of experts committed to improving the lives of poor Cariocas (residents of Rio). Favelas in Rio were at the crossroads of a particular interplay of forces: the urgent need to modernize Rio’s obsolete and inadequate urban infrastructure; the new administrative status of the city after the inauguration of Brasilia; and the redefinition of the balance of power between local, municipal, and federal forces in a time of radical politics and authoritarian and technocratic military regimes, Cold War diplomacy, and the transnational flows of expertise and capital.

scholarly journals Measuring Housing Affordability Using Residual Income Method for Million-plus Cities in India

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhat Kumar Rao ◽  
◽  
Arindam Biswas ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Poverty Line ◽  
Housing Affordability ◽  
Residual Income ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Policies And Programs ◽  
The City ◽  
Indian Cities ◽  
Living Cost

Housing affordability is an ever-growing concern in rapidly urbanizing countries like India. The need for affordable housing can hardly be overemphasis in India. Government has many policies and programs running for fulfilling the requirement. But it is essential to define affordability standards for the success of any such policies and programs. The Ratio Method, which is currently used as the base for determining affordable housing, doesn’t have the flexibility to match the varied scale and standards across Indian cities. This paper is based on Michel E stone’s residual income’ method to measure housing affordability for India’s million-plus city. It gives a new approach for measuring housing affordability based on the minimum living cost for survival. It uses Poverty Line data (2014) and NSSO economic survey data (2012) for defining the minimum standard of living in the city. Stakeholders can use the city-specific measurement for affordable housing generated from this paper in affordable housing policies and programs.

scholarly journals SMART CITY DEVELOPMENT, URBAN GOVERNANCE AND AFFORDABLE HOUSING IN LAGOS NIGERIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 06 (01) ◽  
pp. 51-69
Author(s):  
Christian Odefadehan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Affordable Housing ◽  
Smart City ◽  
Urban Governance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Economic Capital ◽  
City Development ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Government ◽  
The City

Smart city is a major discussion in metropolitan planning and governance as it involves using technology to create livable spaces for the present and the future; it also considers issues of mobility, governance, economy and energy production. The innovation of smart city initiative can be beneficial to urban planning and policies for house provision. The housing challenge is a prominent issue in Lagos, the economic capital of Nigeria with more than 20 million inhabitants. Despite the attempts by the Lagos state government to create low-cost housing for citizens living and working in the city, there are still enormously high housing deficits because of the city’s overpopulation and limited resources. The city still lacks adequate infrastructures for mobility, networking and affordable housing as some people come from other states to work in the state; this has increased the urban carbon emissions. Yet, emerging discourses on housing infrastructure have rarely engaged the smart city question in urban governance of Lagos. Although there is a plethora of literature interrogating urbanization processes and housing, there are feeble attempts at explaining the notion of the smart city as the panacea for infrastructural inadequacies and urban development. This research examines the concept of smart city and its implication for urban governance structures and affordable housing in Lagos, drawing information and data from interviews and relevant secondary sources. The relevance of this study is to the government, private sector and architectural community is formulating policies through the application of the smart city concept in a megacity in a developing country like Lagos.

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