scholarly journals An arithmetic approach to the analysis of multiple faults verification and synthesis at switch-level

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Samadpour Javaheri
Keyword(s):  
Fault Injection ◽  
Signal Propagation ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Cmos Circuits ◽  
Charge Sharing ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Multiple Faults ◽  
Circuit Verification ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Multi Level

Switch-level modeling and simulation has become an important method of predicting the behaviour of CMOS circuits under the presence of faults. Many important phenomena in CMOS circuits, such as bi-directional signal propagation, charge sharing and variations in driving strength can be reliably modeled using this technique. This paper presents an algorithm for modeling directional and bi-directional CMOS circuits with an arithmetic solution for circuit verification and fault synthesis. This new approach is capable of simulating multiple fault injection into the circuit and speeds up switch-level simulation. Other advantages of this algorithm are its application in the mapping of single and multiple faults from switch level to gate level and the ability to function as a multi-level model. Multiple faults can be of the same or different types. Experimental results using Cadence tools show that the algorithm is successful and reliable for CMOS technology.

scholarly journals An arithmetic approach to the analysis of multiple faults verification and synthesis at switch-level

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Reza Samadpour Javaheri
Keyword(s):  
Fault Injection ◽  
Signal Propagation ◽  
Cmos Technology ◽  
Cmos Circuits ◽  
Charge Sharing ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Multiple Faults ◽  
Circuit Verification ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Multi Level

Switch-level modeling and simulation has become an important method of predicting the behaviour of CMOS circuits under the presence of faults. Many important phenomena in CMOS circuits, such as bi-directional signal propagation, charge sharing and variations in driving strength can be reliably modeled using this technique. This paper presents an algorithm for modeling directional and bi-directional CMOS circuits with an arithmetic solution for circuit verification and fault synthesis. This new approach is capable of simulating multiple fault injection into the circuit and speeds up switch-level simulation. Other advantages of this algorithm are its application in the mapping of single and multiple faults from switch level to gate level and the ability to function as a multi-level model. Multiple faults can be of the same or different types. Experimental results using Cadence tools show that the algorithm is successful and reliable for CMOS technology.

An Analysis on Factors of Parent Involvement in Middle School Using Multi-Level Model

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 521-540
Author(s):  
Eunyoung Kim ◽  
◽  
Soonbum Kwon ◽  
Meejung Chin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Parent Involvement ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Multi Level

scholarly journals A Network Analysis of the Relationship among Reading, Spelling and Maths Skills

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 656
Author(s):  
Pierluigi Zoccolotti ◽  
Paola Angelelli ◽  
Chiara Valeria Marinelli ◽  
Daniele Luigi Romano
Keyword(s):  
Network Analysis ◽  
Clinical Analysis ◽  
Skill Learning ◽  
Fifth Grade ◽  
Learning Skills ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Unselected Group ◽  
The Relationship

Background. Skill learning (e.g., reading, spelling and maths) has been predominantly treated separately in the neuropsychological literature. However, skills (as well as their corresponding deficits), tend to partially overlap. We recently proposed a multi-level model of learning skills (based on the distinction among competence, performance, and acquisition) as a framework to provide a unitary account of these learning skills. In the present study, we examined the performance of an unselected group of third- to fifth-grade children on standard reading, spelling, and maths tasks, and tested the relationships among these skills with a network analysis, i.e., a method particularly suited to analysing relations among different domains. Methods. We administered a battery of reading, spelling, and maths tests to 185 third-, fourth-, and fifth-grade children (103 M, 82 F). Results. The network analysis indicated that the different measures of the same ability (i.e., reading, spelling, and maths) formed separate clusters, in keeping with the idea that they are based on different competences. However, these clusters were also related to each other, so that three nodes were more central in connecting them. In keeping with the multi-level model of learning skills, two of these tests (arithmetic facts subtest and spelling words with ambiguous transcription) relied heavily on the ability to recall specific instances, a factor hypothesised to underlie the co-variation among learning skills. Conclusions. The network analysis indicated both elements of association and of partial independence among learning skills. Interestingly, the study was based on standard clinical instruments, indicating that the multi-level model of learning skills might provide a framework for the clinical analysis of these learning skills.

A Multi‐Level Model of I‐deals in Workgroups: Employee and Coworker Perceptions of Leader Fairness, I‐Deals and Group Performance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Smriti Anand ◽  
Jeremy D. Meuser ◽  
Prajya R. Vidyarthi ◽  
Robert C. Liden ◽  
Denise M. Rousseau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Performance ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Multi Level

scholarly journals A New Approach to Multiple Fault Diagnosis: A Combination of Diagnostic Matrices, Graphs, Algebraic and Rule-Based Models. The Case of Two-Layer Models

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 465-476 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoni Ligęza ◽  
Jan Kościelny
Keyword(s):  
Fault Diagnosis ◽  
Simultaneous Occurrence ◽  
Diagnostic Model ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Multiple Fault ◽  
Multiple Faults ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Multiple Fault Diagnosis ◽  
System Variables

A New Approach to Multiple Fault Diagnosis: A Combination of Diagnostic Matrices, Graphs, Algebraic and Rule-Based Models. The Case of Two-Layer ModelsThe diagnosis of multiple faults is significantly more difficult than singular fault diagnosis. However, in realistic industrial systems the possibility of simultaneous occurrence of multiple faults must be taken into account. This paper investigates some of the limitations of the diagnostic model based on the simple binary diagnostic matrix in the case of multiple faults. Several possible interpretations of the diagnostic matrix with rule-based systems are provided and analyzed. A proposal of an extension of the basic, single-level model based on diagnostic matrices to a two-level one, founded on causal analysis and incorporating an OR and an AND matrix is put forward. An approach to the diagnosis of multiple faults based on inconsistency analysis is outlined, and a refinement procedure using a qualitative model of dependencies among system variables is sketched out.

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