From the errors and horrors of psychology at work to the geopolitics of its discourses and practices

Praxis Psy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (35) ◽  
pp. 81-93
Author(s):  
Hernán Camilo Pulido
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Organizational Psychology ◽  
Industrial Organizational Psychology ◽  
The World ◽  
Central Elements ◽  
The Relationship

In light of the proposals to examine psychology beyond its disciplinary limits, this article considers the relationship psychology establishes with the world ofwork. First of all, this article describes some central elements of these ways of conducting critical analysis. Common objections that are formulated to industrial/organizational psychology are put into perspective. Additionally, proposals that are constituted in counter-psychologies are analyzed. Finally, some alternatives are suggested that should continue to be developed as possibilities that psychological criticism allows for when academic issues are framed internationally and countries assumed as producers and consumers of psychological objects.

The Relationship Between the Number of Raters and the Validity of Performance Ratings

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 361-367
Author(s):  
Matt C. Howard
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Psychology ◽  
Interrater Agreement ◽  
Performance Ratings ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Industrial Organizational Psychology ◽  
Accurate Performance ◽  
Psychology Literature ◽  
The Relationship

In the focal article “Getting Rid of Performance Ratings: Genius or Folly? A Debate,” two groups of authors argued the merits of performance ratings (Adler et al., 2016). Despite varied views, both sides noted the importance of including multiple raters to obtain more accurate performance ratings. As the pro side noted, “if ratings can be pooled across many similarly situated raters, it should be possible to obtain quite reliable assessments” (Adler et al., p. 236). Even the con side noted, “In theory, it is possible to obtain ratings from multiple raters and pool them to eliminate some types of interrater agreement” (Adler et al., p. 225), although this side was certainly less optimistic about the merits of multiple raters. In the broader industrial–organizational psychology literature, authors have repeatedly heralded the benefits of adding additional raters for performance ratings, some even treating it as a panacea for inaccurate ratings. Although these authors extol the virtues of multiple raters, an important question is often omitted from relevant discussions of performance ratings: To what extent do additional raters actually improve performance ratings? Does adding an additional rater double the validity of performance ratings? Does an additional rater increase the validity of performance ratings by a constant value? Or is the answer something else altogether?

Logos and Prosthesis: Bernard Stiegler’s Theory of Tertiary Memory

2020 ◽  
pp. 90-99
Author(s):  
Boris V. Podoroga ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Institutions ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Contemporary Problem ◽  
Philosophy Of Technology ◽  
Destructive Effect ◽  
Phenomenological Experience ◽  
The World ◽  
Historical Heritage ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Destructive Potential

This article discusses the relationship between the concepts of writing and tertiary memory in Bernard Stiegler’s philosophy of technology. It is demonstrated that tertiary memory, being a process of sensuality exteriorization (espacement) that defines the specifics of human existence, is almost identical to Derrida’s writing. Tertiary memory is expressed in everything that falls under the rubric “record”, from the most primitive tools to socio-political institutions and cybernetic technologies. Unlike Derrida, Stiegler believed that tertiary memory is most clearly expressed in material and technical objects. As an example the paper takes Stiegler’s critical analysis of Husserl’s phenomenology and Martin Heidegger’s existential ontology. Stiegler shows that in Husserl’s phenomenology, tertiary memory is represented by tertiary retention (determining a set of symbols, signs and images that implicitly constitute phenomenological experience), while in Heidegger’s philosophy, by the world-historical, determining the objective historical heritage of humankind, without which, as Stiegler demonstrates, there can be no existential experience. Further, the article discusses Stiegler’s thesis about historical and ontological duality of tertiary memory, containing both creative and destructive potential. Referring to Derrida, Stiegler shows that technics should be understood as what Plato called pharmakon, meaning a substance that can be both poison and remedy. This thesis defines the contemporary problem of lacking reflexion of the above-mentioned structural technical duality, which leads to excessive instrumentalization of the technics and its destructive effect on humans, similar to that during the time of Greek sophists.

scholarly journals A Review of the Field or an Articulation of Identity Concerns? Interrogating the Unconscious Biases That Permeate I-O Scholarship

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard P. Hodgkinson ◽  
S. Alexander Haslam
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Psychology ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Industrial Organizational Psychology ◽  
The World

Aguinis et al.’s (2017) analysis of the “most frequently cited sources, articles, and authors in industrial-organizational psychology textbooks” is a commendable piece of scholarship. Certainly, they have applied themselves to an important question and articulated a meaningful set of answers. We have no doubt too that for many readers the insights and answers they provide will be informative, compelling, and even reassuring—if only because they reinforce a view of the world with which they are familiar and by which they are comforted, even if that familiarity and comfort are framed in terms of a set of knotty professional concerns (Morton, Haslam, Postmes, & Ryan, 2006).

scholarly journals Where Have All the “Workers” Gone? A Critical Analysis of the Unrepresentativeness of Our Samples Relative to the Labor Market in the Industrial–Organizational Psychology Literature

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mindy E. Bergman ◽  
Vanessa A. Jean
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Organizational Psychology ◽  
First Line ◽  
Contract Workers ◽  
Industrial Organizational Psychology ◽  
Psychology Literature ◽  
Wage Earners

In this article, we demonstrate that samples in the industrial and organizational (I-O) psychology literature do not reflect the labor market, overrepresenting core, salaried, managerial, professional, and executive employees while underrepresenting wage earners, low- and medium-skill first-line personnel, and contract workers. We describe how overrepresenting managers, professionals, and executives causes research about these other workers to be suspect. We describe several ways that this underrepresentation reduces the utility of the I-O literature and provide specific examples. We discuss why the I-O literature underrepresents these workers, how it contributes to the academic–practitioner gap, and what researchers can do to remedy the issue.

Big Data Recommendations for Industrial–Organizational Psychology

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 491-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard A. Guzzo ◽  
Alexis A. Fink ◽  
Eden King ◽  
Scott Tonidandel ◽  
Ronald S. Landis
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
New World ◽  
Organizational Psychology ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Industrial Organizational Psychology ◽  
The World

The world is awash in data. Data is being created and stored at ever-increasing rates through a variety of new methods and technologies. Data is accumulating in all sorts of accessible places. Much of that data is of great interest to industrial–organizational (I-O) psychologists, often in ways never anticipated by those who develop technologies and processes that generate and store that data. I-O psychologists also generate data in the course of research and practice in ways that, especially if joined with data originating from other sources, create giant datasets. This abundance of data—variables, measurements, observations, facts—can be used to inform a vast number of issues in research and practice. This is the new “big data” world, and beyond opportunities, this new world also presents challenges and potential hazards.

scholarly journals ENTRE CONCEITOS E ACORDOS: AS POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS PARA A EDUCAÇÃO À (SOB A) LUZ DO BANCO MUNDIAL

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-25
Author(s):  
Flávio José de Carvalho
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Political Resistance ◽  
Brazilian Society ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
Neoliberal Ideology ◽  
The Relationship

RESUMO :Este artigo tem como objetivo discutir os impactos que a economia e a política neoliberais têm causado na sociedade brasileira a partir da análise crítica do último relatório do Branco Mundial sobre o Brasil. De modo mais específico aqui nos interessa as consequências para o âmbito da educação. Identificamos os conceitos de sociedade e de educação disseminados pelo ideário neoliberal e que se manifestam no relatório, e também nos ocupamos com a relação entre eles e as afirmações e orientações disseminadas no relatório. Por fim, questionamos os impactos desastrosos que tais orientações causaram e causarão no bem-estar das cidadãs e dos cidadãos brasileiros, os quais convocamos para a resistência.Palavras-chave: Políticas Públicas; Banco Mundial; Neoliberalismo; Resistência Política. ABSTRACT :This paper aims to discuss the impacts that neoliberal economy has caused in Brazilian society, based on the critical analysis of the last report of the World Bank about Brazil. More specifically, we are concerned here with the consequences for the scope of education. We identify the concepts of society and education which are disseminated by neoliberal ideology through the report. We deal with the relationship between these concepts and the assertions and orientations from the report. Finally, we make questions about the disastrous impacts that these guidances has caused and they will cause in the Brazilian citizens’ welfare, we call them for resistance.Key-words: Public Policies; World Bank; Neoliberalism; Political Resistance.

The Relationship between Organizational Climate and Employee Perceptions of Personnel Management Practices

1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 453-468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Toulson ◽  
Mike Smith
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Climate ◽  
Personnel Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Organizational Psychology ◽  
Management Style ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
General Measure ◽  
Industrial Organizational Psychology ◽  
The Relationship

Industrial/organizational psychology is concerned with empirically testing relationships between concepts that are purported to reflect behaviour in the workplace. This study tested the relationship between measures on three personnel management practices (as independent variables) and a measure of organizational climate (as the dependent variable). The Litwin and Stringer Organizational Climate Questionnaire was administered to 2,111 subjects employed in a sample of 40 organizations. Structured interviews with senior personnel executives were conducted in these organizations to establish measures of participation, proaction, and management style. Factor analysis was used to derive a general measure of climate. The results of this measure were analyzed at the organizational level. The results of this study raise two important implications for industrial/organizational psychology. The first is that much of the theory associated with personnel management practice is not reflected in the workplace. The second is that current conceptualizations from which such measures are derived, are ambiguous and lack clarity. It is suggested that industrial/organizational psychology needs to reduce the semantic ambiguity of its concepts, and consequently improve the construct validity of measures of these constructs.

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