scholarly journals The ATLS® Moulage – A quick guide

2009 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Alex
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Injured Patient ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Advanced Trauma Life Support ◽  
Paediatric Age ◽  
Eighth Edition ◽  
Musculoskeletal Trauma ◽  
Trauma In Pregnancy

The Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS®) Course1 teaches a systematic, concise approach to the early care of the trauma patient. This course is vital to guiding care for the injured patient in emergency department trauma rooms as well as in the prehospital environment. Essentially, the course training provides a common language between emergency health professionals, and is designed to save lives in critical situations. On the last day of my ATLS® Course when we had to participate in a trauma moulage, I considered the feasibility and benefits of a summary guide listing the most important things to do, and the correct order in which they should be performed. The following is based on the ATLS Course Manual2 and is intended as a guide to assist both novice and expert emergency health professionals in the moulage exercise, or when faced with a real life trauma event. The eighth edition of the ATLS® Course Manual released in late 2008 has suggested changes3 in management with regards to Initial Assessment, Airway, Shock, Thoracic, Abominal, Head and Musculoskeletal trauma as well as trauma in Pregnancy and the Paediatric age group. The main changes have been incorporated in the summary below.

Initial Management of Life-Threatening Trauma

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Cantrell ◽  
Jay Doucet
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Trauma System ◽  
Injured Patient ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Advanced Trauma Life Support ◽  
Primary Survey ◽  
Field Triage ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Secondary Survey

Management of the critically injured patient is optimized by a coordinated team effort in an organized trauma system that allows for rapid assessment and initiation of life-preserving therapies. This initial assessment must proceed systematically and be prioritized according to physiologic necessity for survival. Beginning in the prehospital setting, coordination, preparation, and appropriate triage of the injured are crucial to facilitating rapid resuscitation of the trauma patient. Next, active efforts to support airway, breathing, circulation, and disability are performed with simultaneous intervention to treat life-threatening injuries and restore hemodynamic stability in the primary survey. With ongoing evaluation and continued resuscitation, a secondary survey provides a head-to-toe assessment of the patient allowing for further diagnosis of injuries and triage to more definitive care. This review contains 12 figures, 8 tables and 63 references Key Words: advanced trauma life support, definitive airway, FAST/eFAST, field triage, Glasgow coma scale, primary survey, 1:1:1 resuscitation, secondary survey

Initial Management of Life-Threatening Trauma

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Cantrell ◽  
Jay Doucet
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Trauma System ◽  
Injured Patient ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Advanced Trauma Life Support ◽  
Primary Survey ◽  
Field Triage ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Secondary Survey

Management of the critically injured patient is optimized by a coordinated team effort in an organized trauma system that allows for rapid assessment and initiation of life-preserving therapies. This initial assessment must proceed systematically and be prioritized according to physiologic necessity for survival. Beginning in the prehospital setting, coordination, preparation, and appropriate triage of the injured are crucial to facilitating rapid resuscitation of the trauma patient. Next, active efforts to support airway, breathing, circulation, and disability are performed with simultaneous intervention to treat life-threatening injuries and restore hemodynamic stability in the primary survey. With ongoing evaluation and continued resuscitation, a secondary survey provides a head-to-toe assessment of the patient allowing for further diagnosis of injuries and triage to more definitive care. This review contains 12 figures, 8 tables and 63 references Key Words: advanced trauma life support, definitive airway, FAST/eFAST, field triage, Glasgow coma scale, primary survey, 1:1:1 resuscitation, secondary survey

Initial Management of Life-Threatening Trauma

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Cantrell ◽  
Jay Doucet
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Trauma System ◽  
Injured Patient ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Advanced Trauma Life Support ◽  
Primary Survey ◽  
Field Triage ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Secondary Survey

Management of the critically injured patient is optimized by a coordinated team effort in an organized trauma system that allows for rapid assessment and initiation of life-preserving therapies. This initial assessment must proceed systematically and be prioritized according to physiologic necessity for survival. Beginning in the prehospital setting, coordination, preparation, and appropriate triage of the injured are crucial to facilitating rapid resuscitation of the trauma patient. Next, active efforts to support airway, breathing, circulation, and disability are performed with simultaneous intervention to treat life-threatening injuries and restore hemodynamic stability in the primary survey. With ongoing evaluation and continued resuscitation, a secondary survey provides a head-to-toe assessment of the patient allowing for further diagnosis of injuries and triage to more definitive care. This review contains 12 figures, 8 tables and 63 references Key Words: advanced trauma life support, definitive airway, FAST/eFAST, field triage, Glasgow coma scale, primary survey, 1:1:1 resuscitation, secondary survey

Musculoskeletal trauma care

2020 ◽  
pp. 315-364
Keyword(s):  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Injury ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Traumatic Injury ◽  
Injured Patient ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injury ◽  
Advanced Trauma Life Support ◽  
Crush Injuries ◽  
Musculoskeletal Trauma ◽  
General Care

This chapter provides an overview of the principles of care of the patient who has sustained a traumatic injury. It considers the physiology of trauma and trauma psychology. There is a focus on the general care of the injured patient, considering head, chest, and abdominal trauma in the patient who also has a musculoskeletal injury, as well as a section on Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS®). Further sections consider the principles of fracture healing and management, soft tissue and nerve injury, peripheral nerve injury, and crush injuries and traumatic amputation.

Initial Management of Life-Threatening Trauma

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Cantrell ◽  
Jay Doucet
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Trauma System ◽  
Injured Patient ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Advanced Trauma Life Support ◽  
Primary Survey ◽  
Field Triage ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Secondary Survey

Management of the critically injured patient is optimized by a coordinated team effort in an organized trauma system that allows for rapid assessment and initiation of life-preserving therapies. This initial assessment must proceed systematically and be prioritized according to physiologic necessity for survival. Beginning in the prehospital setting, coordination, preparation, and appropriate triage of the injured are crucial to facilitating rapid resuscitation of the trauma patient. Next, active efforts to support airway, breathing, circulation, and disability are performed with simultaneous intervention to treat life-threatening injuries and restore hemodynamic stability in the primary survey. With ongoing evaluation and continued resuscitation, a secondary survey provides a head-to-toe assessment of the patient allowing for further diagnosis of injuries and triage to more definitive care. This review contains 12 figures, 8 tables and 63 references Key Words: advanced trauma life support, definitive airway, FAST/eFAST, field triage, Glasgow coma scale, primary survey, 1:1:1 resuscitation, secondary survey

Initial Management of Life-Threatening Trauma

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily Cantrell ◽  
Jay Doucet
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
Rapid Assessment ◽  
Trauma System ◽  
Injured Patient ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Advanced Trauma Life Support ◽  
Primary Survey ◽  
Field Triage ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Secondary Survey

Management of the critically injured patient is optimized by a coordinated team effort in an organized trauma system that allows for rapid assessment and initiation of life-preserving therapies. This initial assessment must proceed systematically and be prioritized according to physiologic necessity for survival. Beginning in the prehospital setting, coordination, preparation, and appropriate triage of the injured are crucial to facilitating rapid resuscitation of the trauma patient. Next, active efforts to support airway, breathing, circulation, and disability are performed with simultaneous intervention to treat life-threatening injuries and restore hemodynamic stability in the primary survey. With ongoing evaluation and continued resuscitation, a secondary survey provides a head-to-toe assessment of the patient allowing for further diagnosis of injuries and triage to more definitive care. This review contains 12 figures, 8 tables and 63 references Key Words: advanced trauma life support, definitive airway, FAST/eFAST, field triage, Glasgow coma scale, primary survey, 1:1:1 resuscitation, secondary survey

The injured patient

2018 ◽  
pp. 21-60
Author(s):  
Mike Perry
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Injured Patient ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Advanced Trauma Life Support ◽  
Neck Injuries ◽  
Complex Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Multiply Injured Patient

This chapter gives an overview of the assessment of patients presenting to an emergency department with injuries to head or neck (above the collar bones). The Advanced Trauma Life Support® (ATLS®) programme is now widely accepted as the gold standard in trauma management, but its strict application to patients with coexisting facial injuries can result in a number of dilemmas and complex decision-making. These issues are discussed. The approach to head and neck injuries remains the same as for the multiply injured patient but those aspects related specifically to injuries to the head and neck are discussed in detail. Emergency procedures undertaken in head and neck injuries are also discussed. Useful clinical signs and symptoms indicating significant injuries are listed at the end of the chapter.

scholarly journals Contemporary management of genitourinary injuries in a tertiary trauma centre in Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 1134
Author(s):  
Chimaobi G. Ofoha ◽  
Samaila I. Shu'aibu ◽  
Victor E. Onowa ◽  
Zingkur Z. Galam
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Operative Management ◽  
Trauma Centre ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Advanced Trauma Life Support ◽  
Mechanism Of Injury ◽  
Genitourinary Trauma

Background: The genitourinary system has been shown to be involved in 10% of patients presenting after trauma and is therefore a significant factor in trauma induced morbidity and mortality. It affects all age groups and both sexes. The aim of this study is to determine the aetiology, mechanism of injury and management of genitourinary injuries in a tertiary trauma centre.Methods: This is a prospective study carried out at the Jos University Teaching Hospital between 2012 and 2017. All patients who presented at the A and E with genitourinary trauma were recruited into the study. Initial assessment involved taking an AMPLE history and resuscitation, using the Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) protocol of the American College of Surgeons. Physical examination and investigation were carried out to localize and determine extent of injury. Investigations carried out were complete blood count, blood grouping, serum electrolyte, urea and creatinine and radiography where applicable. Surgical intervention was carried out where indicated.Results: A total of 104 patients were involved in this study. The mean age was 32.14±15.5 years with a range of 3 to 75yrs. Median age was 28yrs. Eighty-nine (85.6%) were males while fifteen (14.4%) were females. The genitalia were the most affected in 34% (n=35) of the patients. Gunshot was the commonest mechanism of injury (37.5%, n=39). Operative and non-operative management were employed depending on mechanism and extent of injury.Conclusions: Gunshot was the commonest cause of genitourinary trauma. These injuries require specialized attention for proper assessment and management. 

Major trauma

2021 ◽  
pp. 581-596
Keyword(s):  
Major Trauma ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Head Injuries ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Advanced Trauma Life Support ◽  
Thoracic Injuries ◽  
Golden Hour ◽  
Secondary Survey ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Second Peak

This chapter discusses the management of major trauma. Trauma is the leading cause of death in the first four decades of life, and every minute, more than nine people die from injuries and violence. Trimodal distribution of death implies death from injury occurs in one of three time periods: first peak (within seconds to minutes), second peak (within minutes to several hours), and third peak (after several days to weeks). The ‘golden hour’ refers to the period when medical care can make the maximum impact on death and disability. A systematic, rapid initial assessment is essential and this includes preparation, triage, primary survey (ABCDE), resuscitation, secondary survey, continued monitoring, and reevaluation and definitive care. The chapter then looks at the advanced trauma life support (ATLS) system. It also considers thoracic injuries, abdominal trauma, vascular injuries, and head injuries.

Incidental Findings in Trauma Patients during Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 366-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophocles Lanitis ◽  
Constantinos Zacharioudakis ◽  
Paraskevi Zafeiriadou ◽  
Vasileios Armoutides ◽  
Charilaos Karaliotas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Incidental Findings ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Biliary Tree ◽  
Initial Assessment ◽  
Advanced Trauma Life Support ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Management Algorithm ◽  
Surgical Conditions ◽  
Mechanism Of Trauma

During the initial assessment of trauma patients they usually undergo a Focused Assessment with Sonography for Trauma (FAST) in which there are occasionally incidental findings of other surgical conditions. In this audit we discuss the incidence, demographics, and implications of these findings and we propose a management algorithm. Within 2 years we managed 6041 trauma patients in the emergency department based on the Advanced Trauma Life Support protocols, 95 per cent of which underwent a FAST ultrasound. Incidental findings were reported in 468 patients (7.8%), whereas in a further 11.2 per cent of these patients there was a second finding. The mean age of these patients was 57.55 years (15–105), and most of them were men (51.1%). The vast majority of the findings were related to the liver and biliary tree (52.1%) followed by the urinary track (27.1% 1 8%). In multivariate analysis only the age was a significant factor associated with incidental findings ( P < 0.001) whereas in univariate analysis both the gender [men (54.1%) vs women (45.9), P = 0.013] and the mechanism of trauma ( P < 0.001) were as important as the age ( P < 0.001). The patients who had incidental findings were 15 years older than the rest. The detection of unknown surgical conditions in FAST may lead to managerial and possible medico-legal issues rendering the development of a proper algorithm mandatory.

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