scholarly journals Impacts of laser energy doses in maintaining the shape and deformability of the red blood cell (morphological &physiological) in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 875-879
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Laser Energy ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Clinical Procedures ◽  
Blood Smears ◽  
Energy Laser ◽  
Metabolic Output

Lasers have been applied in various clinical procedures such as surgery and cardiology to clear occluded blood vessels. However, there subsists insight into the relevant parameters and their ability to develop a rheological property of blood. Two blood samples were used. Morphological changes that have been chosen to detect this effect on red cells were: echinocytes, dacrocytes, stomatocytes, keratocytes , schistocytes. Laser beams λ = 532nm , power 100 mw at different intervals (0, 1, 3, 6, and 10 seconds).Six slides prepared for each interval. Slides were irradiated and microscopic photographs were taken to observe changes in population of each poikilocytes were compared to non-irradiated control blood smears. The effects were listed in a table in the form of a scale. Various laser energy doses were able to reduce the population of some poikilocytes namely ( dacrocytes, stomatocytes) in a male and (echinocytes, dacrocytes, stomatocytes, keratocytes and schistocytes) in a female by one, two or three cells. A poikilocyte is a distorted red blood cell and bears different forms, for instance, created (echinocytes), teardrop (dacrocytes), bite cells (keratocytes) or even fragmented (schistocytes). Low-energy laser improves the monographic properties of red cells by enhancing ATPase activity, metabolic output, activity of antioxidant enzymes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Haemolytic and Morphological Changes in Red Blood Cell on Administration of Lachesis Muta 30, 200 and 1M in - Vitro Study

2020 ◽  
Vol I (2) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Usha Kushwaha
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Snake Venom ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Lachesis Muta

Snake venom has haemolytic action on the blood and reduces the power of its coagulability, with the result that a bloody serum continue to oozes out from wound for many hours.

Reduction of Prion Infectivity in Packed Red Cells by Separation of Whole Blood and Washing of the Red Cell Fraction.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 2890-2890
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Morales ◽  
Kimberley A. Buytaert-Hoefen ◽  
Eric T. Hansen ◽  
Dennis Hlavinka ◽  
Raymond Goodrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Cell Fraction ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
New Variant

Abstract Although prion diseases are rare in humans, the established link between a new variant form of CJD (vCJD) and the consumption of cattle meat contaminated by BSE have raised concerns about a possible outbreak of a large epidemic in the human population. Over the past few years, BSE has become a significant health concern in several countries, and it now seems apparent that vCJD can also be iatrogenically transmitted from human to human by blood transfusion. Exacerbating this state of affairs is the lack of a reliable test to identify individuals incubating the disease during the long and silent period from the onset of infection to the appearance of clinical symptoms. The purpose of this research study was to evaluate the effectiveness of separation of whole blood and washing of the red cell fraction for the removal of infectious scrapie prion protein (PrPSc) from red blood cell (RBC) suspensions. Samples of human, whole blood were spiked with 5 × 106 LD50 263K PrPSc. Analysis of the treated sample supernatants by Western blot revealed that approximately >88% of the PrPSc was removed with the initial plasma expression and the equivalent of 6% was detected in a saline wash (300 mL; 0.9% saline). The final sample of RBCs revealed no detectable levels of PrPSc by Western blots. Further analysis of the treated RBCs using the PMCA assay indicated detectable amounts of PrPSc only after 2 consecutive amplification rounds. Semi-quantitative analysis of PMCA amplification enabled us to estimate that the treated RBCs contained less than 1 × 104 LD50 PrPSc. This corresponded to removal levels exceeding ≥99% of spiked material in whole blood. These in vitro estimations were confirmed by in vivo infectivity studies in a hamster model of disease transmission. Results from in vivo studies displayed significant differences in the incubation periods of the spiked blood inoculated hamsters (100.1 ± 1.7) versus washed RBCs (135.8 ± 6.7). Moreover, a substantial difference in the attack rate (6/15: 40% in washed RBC, versus 13/13: 100% in spiked blood) further indicated a substantial removal of infectious prions. Comparison of this data with results of animals inoculated with different dilutions of infectious material, indicated a >99.94% reduction of infectivity. Washed, packed human red cells produced by this procedure were able to be stored in standard additive solutions (AS-3) for 42 days while still meeting all in vitro blood bank standards for acceptable red cell quality. Conclusion This data suggests that separation of plasma coupled with a simple, low volume wash of red cells may represent an efficient method to remove prions from red blood cell fractions, thus reducing possible infectivity of these products.

scholarly journals Resistance of Reticulocytes and Young Erythrocytes to the Action of Specific Hemolytic Serum

Blood ◽  
1952 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. 602-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. O. CRUZ ◽  
P. C. JUNQUEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Normal Animal ◽  
Red Cells ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
Severe Anemia ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Photoelectric Method ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract A photoelectric method is used to determine the degree of hemolysis produced by specific hemolytic serum on erythrocytes of dogs, taking as a standard the amount required for 50 per cent hemolysis. The requirement of the normal dog red blood cell is 1.2 cu. ml. (±0.7 cu. ml.) of hemolytic serum, under the conditions described in the method. The red cells of dogs given a sufficient dose of acetylphenylhydrazine to produce a severe anemia, followed by an intense period of blood regeneration, required an amount of hemolytic serum about two to four times greater than in the normal animal (values from 3.0 to 4.8 cu. ml. of hemolytic serum are recorded). This result shows that the reticulocytes and young erythrocytes are much more resistant than the normal adult red cell to the action of hemolytic serum. It was possible by this technic to concentrate the reticulocytes in vitro, destroying selectively the adult erythrocytes of a sample of blood by an appropriate amount of specific hemolytic serum. The relationship between these results and the high reticulocytosis observed during crisis in hemolytic jaundice is discussed.

Investigation of the Free and Total Thyroxine-binding Capacity of Plasma Proteins in Thyroid Disorders

1971 ◽  
Vol 10 (04) ◽  
pp. 299-304
Author(s):  
József Takó ◽  
János Fischer ◽  
Jusztina Juhász ◽  
Ilona Sztraka ◽  
István Kapus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Oral Contraceptives ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Plasma Proteins ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Thyroid Disorders ◽  
Thyroid Function Tests ◽  
Total Thyroxine

SummaryThe results of thyroid function tests have been compared with data on the thyroxine-binding capacity of plasma proteins in hyper-, hypo- and euthyroid cases, the latter including women taking oral contraceptives (Infecundin). It was found that there exists a significant correlation of exponential nature between the in vitro red blood cell 125I-triiodothyronine uptake (RCU) and the free thyroxine-binding capacity of the thyroxine-inding globulin (TBG).

Patents on Red Blood Cell Manufacturing In Vitro

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-181
Author(s):  
Laurence Guyonneau-Harmand ◽  
Luc Douay
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Cell Manufacturing

In vitro effects of temperature on red blood cell deformability and membrane stability in human and various vertebrate species

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Adam Attila Matrai ◽  
Gabor Varga ◽  
Bence Tanczos ◽  
Barbara Barath ◽  
Adam Varga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Cell ◽  
Red Blood Cell ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Cell Deformability ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Effects Of Temperature ◽  
The Way ◽  
Rbc Deformability

BACKGROUND: The effects of temperature on micro-rheological variables have not been completely revealed yet. OBJECTIVE: To investigate micro-rheological effects of heat treatment in human, rat, dog, and porcine blood samples. METHODS: Red blood cell (RBC) - buffer suspensions were prepared and immersed in a 37, 40, and 43°C heat-controlled water bath for 10 minutes. Deformability, as well as mechanical stability of RBCs were measured in ektacytometer. These tests were also examined in whole blood samples at various temperatures, gradually between 37 and 45°C in the ektacytometer. RESULTS: RBC deformability significantly worsened in the samples treated at 40 and 43°C degrees, more expressed in human, porcine, rat, and in smaller degree in canine samples. The way of heating (incubation vs. ektacytometer temperation) and the composition of the sample (RBC-PBS suspension or whole blood) resulted in the different magnitude of RBC deformability deterioration. Heating affected RBC membrane (mechanical) stability, showing controversial alterations. CONCLUSION: Significant changes occur in RBC deformability by increasing temperature, showing inter-species differences. The magnitude of alterations is depending on the way of heating and the composition of the sample. The results may contribute to better understanding the micro-rheological deterioration in hyperthermia or fever.

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