scholarly journals A Case of Cervical Ectopic Pregnancy

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-35
Author(s):  
Jahanara Begum ◽  
Shamsun Nahar Begum ◽  
Rowshan Ara ◽  
Shamim Fatema Nargis
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Conservative Approach ◽  
Artery Ligation ◽  
Severe Hemorrhage ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancies ◽  
Cervical Ectopic Pregnancy

Cervical ectopic pregnancy is the implantation of a pregnancy in the endocervix1. Such pregnancy typically aborts within the first trimester, if it is implanted closer to the uterine cavity called cervico isthmic pregnancy it may continue longer2. Cervical pregnancy accounts for less than 1% of all ectopic pregnancies, with an estimated incidence of one in 2500 to one in 180003-5. Though the pregnancy in this area is uncommon but possibly life threatening condition due to risk of severe hemorrhage and may need hysterectomy. Early detection and conservative approach of treatment limit the morbidity and preserve fertility. A 26 years lady diagnosed as a case of cervical ectopic pregnancy and managed conservatively successfully with adjunctive techniques like cervical artery ligation and cervical temponade to control haemorrhage. The case is reported here for its relative rarity.Bangladesh J Obstet Gynaecol, 2012; Vol. 27(1) : 31-35

scholarly journals Cervical Ectopic Pregnancy: A Puzzling Event

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Shahana Begum ◽  
Afroza Ferdous ◽  
Munawar Sultana ◽  
Rowshan Ara Begum
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Conservative Approach ◽  
Severe Hemorrhage ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Emergency Hysterectomy ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancies ◽  
Cervical Ectopic Pregnancy

Cervical ectopic pregnancy is the implantation of the conceptus within the cervix below the level of internal os1. Such pregnancy typically aborts within the first trimester, if it is implanted closer to the uterine cavity called cervico isthmic pregnancy it may continue longer2. Cervical pregnancy accounts for less than 1% of all ectopic pregnancies, with an estimated incidence of 1 in 2500 to 1 in 18000. Though the pregnancy in this area is uncommon but possibly life threatening condition due to risk of severe hemorrhage and may need hysterectomy2,3. Early detection and conservative approach of treatment limit the morbidity and preserve fertility. A 37 year old lady para 4+0 diagnosed as a case of cervical ectopic pregnancy with intractable bleeding and save the patient by emergency hysterectomy to control hemorrhage. The case is reported here for its relative rarity.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/cmoshmcj.v13i2.21072

scholarly journals Chronic Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy with Diagnostic Conundrum: A Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-194
Author(s):  
Vishal Sharma ◽  
Ravi Dutt Wadhwa
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Present Case Report ◽  
Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancies

Ectopic pregnancy is a life threatening condition and mostly ectopic pregnancies occurs in fallopian tube. The most common site of ectopic tubal pregnancy is ampulla. Ectopic pregnancy is a complication of pregnancy and usually easy to diagnose by ultrasonography during the first trimester of pregnancy. Due to limited healthcare resources in developing countries, women do not undergo for ultrasound examination during pregnancy which leads to late diagnosis. In most of cases women with ectopic pregnancy are asymptomatic, unless ruptured. The mean gestational age for clinical presentation of ectopic pregnancy is 7.2 weeks after the last normal menstrual period. In rural population, late presentations of ectopic pregnancies are more commonly seen because of lack of modern diagnostic ability. Present case report is a rare case of non-viable, unruptured, tubal ampullary chronic ectopic pregnancy of 12 weeks gestational age. Keywords: Ectopic pregnancy, Unruptured, gestational age, ultrasonography.

Heterotopic pregnancy; case report

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vipul R. Khandagale
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Adnexal Mass ◽  
Heterotopic Pregnancy ◽  
Free Fluid ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancies ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Low Risk Women

Heterotopic pregnancy is a rare clinical condition in which intrauterine and extrauterine pregnancies occur at the same time. It can be a life threatening condition and easily missed with the diagnosis. We present the case of a 37 year old patient who was treated for a heterotopic pregnancy with live intrauterine gestation and ruptured left adnexal gestation.The ectopic pregnancy was not suspected at her initial presentation. A high index of suspicion is needed in women with risk factors for an ectopic pregnancy and in low risk women who have free fluid with or without an adnexal mass with an intrauterine gestation.It is difficult to estimate exactly the incidence of ectopic pregnancies, but on an average it is approximately 1:300 normal pregnancies worldwide.

scholarly journals Clinical presentation of tubal ectopic pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 1148
Author(s):  
Kavitha Garikapati ◽  
M. Parvathi Devi ◽  
N. Alekya Goud
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Expectant Management ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Child Bearing ◽  
Incidence Risk ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancies

Background: When the fertilized ovum gets implanted at site other than normal position of uterine cavity, it is known as ectopic pregnancy. Incidence of ectopic pregnancy is 1-2% of all reported pregnancies. It is an unmitigated disaster of human production and the most important cause of morbidity and mortality in first trimester with major cause of reduced child bearing potential. It is notorious in its clinical presentation, challenging the attending physician.Methods: women with risk factors, signs and symptoms and with confirmed diagnosis. Women discharged against medical advice. Study population is 50. Retrospective analysis for 3 years (2016-2019). Objectives of this study were to study the incidence, risk factors, clinical presentation, diagnosis and changing trends of modern management. Results analysed after entering the information in the excel sheets using descriptive analysisResults: Out of 4940 deliveries, 50 were tubal ectopic pregnancies 1.012%. Women aged 20-25 years were 52%. In our study, multiparous were 68%. Common symptoms were abdominal pain 80.2%, amenorrhea 72%, urine gravindex test positive 92.8%. Etiology was PID 20%, previous ectopic pregnancy 4%, IUCD 4%, LSCS with tubectomy 16%, most common site is ampulla 82%. About 78% were ruptured. Tubal abortions 4%, salpingectomy done in 82%. Laparotomy in 2.43% in hemodynamically unstable. Medical management 8%. Salpingostomy in 4% and expectant management 2%. Morbidity in the form of blood transfusion 23.48%, DIC with ICU admission 2%. No mortality.Conclusions: A high index of clinical suspicion with underlying risk factors may get us early diagnosis for timely intervention.

scholarly journals Cervical Twin Heterotopic Pregnancy: Overview of Ectopic Pregnancies and Scanning Detection Algorithm

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 969
Author(s):  
Antonios Koutras ◽  
Zacharias Fasoulakis ◽  
Michail Diakosavvas ◽  
Athanasios Syllaios ◽  
Athanasios Pagkalos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Medical Abortion ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Heterotopic Pregnancy ◽  
Cervical Canal ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Gestational Sac ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancies

Background: Ectopic pregnancy is the leading cause of gestation-related deaths during the first trimester. Cervical twin heterotopic pregnancies, when ectopic, constitute a small and rare part of gynecological surgery. Case Presentation: A 30-year-old pregnant woman (gravida 3, para 2) presented with mild pain in the lower abdomen and traces of bleeding per vaginum for three days. Transvaginal ultrasonography revealed a balloon-shaped cervical canal with a visible gestational sac measuring 3.5 × 3.9 cm. A second gestational sac was seen in the uterine cavity. The measurements of the gestational sacs corresponded to 7 + 4 weeks’ pregnancy. A decision for medical abortion with mifepristone and misoprostol was made. However, due to an incomplete abortion and continuous bleeding, a curettage was performed. Conclusions: Spontaneous heterotopic pregnancy with the ectopic pregnancy located in the cervix is an extremely rare clinical condition requiring urgent treatment in order to reduce maternal mortality and morbidity and preserve fertility.

scholarly journals LETROZOLE - NOVEL DRUG FOR MEDICAL MANAGEMENT FOR TUBAL ECTOPIC PREGNANCY

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
Rana Choudhary ◽  
Seema Pandey ◽  
Priyanka Vora
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Medical Management ◽  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Tubal Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Future Fertility ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Diagnostic Modalities ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancies ◽  
Novel Drug

Ectopic pregnancy is one of the most common life-threatening conditions leading to increased maternal morbidity and mortality in the first trimester. With advances in diagnostic modalities, one can now diagnose most ectopic pregnancies before their rupture and other catastrophic events. Methotrexate is the most common drug used for medical management but has adverse effects and needs strict monitoring. We report a case of tubal ectopic pregnancy which was successfully managed with letrozole. We were able to prevent maternal morbidity, reduce cost of therapy and preserve future fertility in our patient.

scholarly journals The Value of Color and Power Doppler in the Diagnosis of Ectopic Pregnancy

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 429-439 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich Honemeyer ◽  
Sanja Kupesic-Plavsic ◽  
Afshin Pour-Mirza
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Obstet Gynecol ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Lower Abdominal Pain ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Tubal Pregnancy ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancies ◽  
Color And Power Doppler

ABSTRACT Implantation of the zygote outside the uterine cavity occurs in 2% of all pregnancies. The rate of ectopic pregnancies has increased from 0.5% in 1970 to 2% today. The prevalence of ectopic pregnancy in all women presenting to an emergency department with first-trimester bleeding, lower abdominal pain or a combination of the two is between 6 and 16%. When diagnosis is made early, the product of conception can be removed safely by laparoscopic surgery and be submitted for histological examination. Tubal rupture is a complication of late diagnosed tubal pregnancy which is more difficult to treat conservatively and often indicates tubectomy or segmental resection. In 5 to 15% of treated ectopic pregnancy cases, remnant conception product parts are diagnosed and may require a final methotrexate (MTX) injection. Rare sites of ectopic pregnancy include interstitial, cervical, abdominal and cesarean scar pregnancies. Our manuscript reviews and illustrates the use of novel sonographic methods such as three-dimensional ultrasound, multiplanar view, in combination with color and power Doppler ultrasound, for early detection of ectopic tubal pregnancy and of other, rare locations of ectopic pregnancy. How to cite this article Honemeyer U, Alkatout I, Plavsic SK, Pour-Mirza A, Kurjak A. The Value of Color and Power Doppler in the Diagnosis of Ectopic Pregnancy. Donald School J Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2013;7(4):429-439.

scholarly journals A detailed study of methotrexate treatment in ectopic pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-92
Author(s):  
Alfiya R ◽  
Sowparnika Treasa Sabu ◽  
Shaiju S Dharan
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Cardiac Activity ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Relevant Article ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Methotrexate Treatment ◽  
Data Collections

Methotrexate is a folic acid antagonist, it works by inhibiting the dihydrofolate by interfering with the DNA synthesis. Ectopic pregnancy is a life threatening condition that may cause maternal mortality. The main aim of this review to show the efficacy of systemic methotrexate and shows the importance of methotrexate treatment in management of ectopic pregnancy with surgical treatment and dosage regimen with protocol treatment. The selection criteria of candidates in this review is pregnant women with <5000miu/ml, adrenal mass <4cm, presence of peritoneum <100mland no sign of cardiac activity. Data collections are made from most relevant article between the periods of 1987-2020. Ectopic pregnancy is an emergency condition if not timely diagnosed and most of the cases where identified in first trimester.

scholarly journals Abortive Retroperitoneal Ectopic Pregnancy Followed Up by Ultrasound: A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiantian Ye ◽  
Liang Yu ◽  
Yuxin Jiang ◽  
Yu Xia
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Uterine Cavity ◽  
Abdominal Ultrasound ◽  
Transvaginal Sonography ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Mass Size ◽  
Anechoic Area ◽  
Β Hcg ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancies

Abstract Background: Ectopic pregnancy can be life-threatening. Most of ectopic pregnancy located in the fallopian tube. But retroperitoneal ectopic pregnancies are extremely rare.Results: We report a 29-year-old Chinese woman with amenorrhea for 50 days presented to emergency department for abdominal pain. Her serum β-hCG level was 1675mIU/ml. Transvaginal sonography showed irregular anechoic area in uterine cavity without pregnancy sac echo. And nothing wrong was found in bilateral adnexa. Abdominal ultrasound showed a mixed echo region behind the pancreas. The clinical diagnosis was retroperitoneal ectopic pregnancy. The patient's vital signs remained stable with the mass size continue decreased . Because of the huge surgery risk, the mass was followed up by ultrasound closely.Conclusions: 5 months after bleeding, the fourth ultrasound follow-up examination showed the mass disappeared completely and serum β-hCG level was normal .

scholarly journals A rare case of lower segment scar pregnancy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2610
Author(s):  
Jaydeep Bhatu ◽  
Nikhil A. Anand ◽  
Ankita B. Chaudhari
Keyword(s):  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Lower Uterine Segment ◽  
Caesarean Scar ◽  
Anterior Position ◽  
Threatening Condition ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Gestational Sac ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancies

Caesarean scar ectopic is one of the rarest of all ectopic pregnancies. The incidence of caesarean scar ectopic has increased due to increase in number of caesarean deliveries. A 31-year-old woman (G4P3003) presented from an outside facility to Sola Civil Hospital with vaginal bleeding and discharge with no abdominal pain or any discomfort. The gestational sac was located in an anterior position toward the anterior lower uterine segment at the level of prior caesarean scar with little visible myometrium noted anterior to the gestational sac in the lower uterine segment and Tissue was sent for histopathological examination and diagnosis of caesarean scar ectopic pregnancy was confirmed. Reports found that It is life threatening condition, causes excessive hemorrhage and risk of uterine rupture. The diagnosis of this type of ectopic pregnancy is very difficult and false negative diagnosis can lead to major complications.

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