scholarly journals A simple biological marker to differentiate the types of Herpes Simplex Viruses in resource-limited settings

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
T Akter ◽  
S Tabassum ◽  
A Nessa ◽  
M Jahan
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Fluorescent Antibody ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Biological Marker ◽  
Resource Limited Settings ◽  
Herpes Simplex Viruses ◽  
Resource Limited ◽  
Direct Fluorescent Antibody

Herpes simplex viruses (HSV) multiply readily on the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of embryonated hen’s egg and produce easily visible foci or pocks on this membrane. In the present study, pocks produced by the two antigenic types of HSV (1 & 2) were compared to evaluate the effectiveness of typing HSV isolates by pock size on CAMs. A total of 57 HSV isolates from both non-genital and genital samples were typed by the pock size produced on the CAMs of fertile hen’s eggs. Twenty two HSV isolates yielded visible pocks on CAM, of which 9 (40.9%) produced small pocks, while 13 (59.1%) produced large pocks. All pocks produced on CAM were confirmed by antigenic typing by the Direct Fluorescent Antibody (DFA) method. HSV isolates which produced small pocks were in complete (100%) concordance with HSV type-1, while those producing larger pocks were in full (100%) concordance with HSV type-2. Thus, the pock size on CAM of embryonated fertile hen’s egg may be used as a simple and relatively inexpensive biological marker for the differentiation of HSV types 1 & 2. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmrcb.v38i1.10448 Bangladesh Med Res Counc Bull 2012; 38: 23-26

scholarly journals Efficiency of the use of pock size on the chorioallantoic membrane of fertile hen's eggs as a method of typing herpes simplex viruses

1984 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-103
Author(s):  
H. A. Herrod ◽  
B. McLean ◽  
M. H. Hambling ◽  
I. W. Halliburton
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Standard Procedure ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Restriction Endonuclease Analysis ◽  
Herpes Simplex Viruses ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Subsequent Passage ◽  
Endonuclease Analysis

SUMMARYOne hundred and eighteen herpes simplex virus isolates were typed in a diagnostic virology laboratory using their standard procedure by pock size on the chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) of fertile hen's eggs. Forty-three were typed as type 1 and 75 as type 2. The isolates were then sent to a research laboratory in which they were typed blind, with or without subsequent passage in tissue culture, by neutralization with type-specific antisera. Discrepant results were found with only two isolates. The isolates were then typed by the more time-consuming but unambiguous method of restriction endonuclease analysis of their DNAs. Typing by this method confirmed the typing by neutralization and established that typing by pock size on CAMs was correct in about 98% of cases.

Herpes Simplex Viruses Type 1 and Type 2 Infection and Immunity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonia Reyes ◽  
Mónica A. Farías ◽  
Nicolás Corrales ◽  
Eduardo Tognarelli ◽  
Pablo A. González
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Herpes Simplex Viruses

scholarly journals Genetic Relatedness of Type 1 and Type 2 Herpes Simplex Viruses

1972 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 738-745 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliott Kieff ◽  
Bill Hoyer ◽  
Steven Bachenheimer ◽  
Bernard Roizman
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Genetic Relatedness ◽  
Herpes Simplex Viruses

scholarly journals Some Properties of Recombinants Between Type 1 and Type 2 Herpes Simplex Viruses

1977 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 471-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. W. Halliburton ◽  
R. E. Randall ◽  
R. A. Killington ◽  
D. H. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Herpes Simplex Viruses

scholarly journals Primary Herpes Simplex viral infection of bilateral nipples and areolae with reactive arthritis: An uncommon presentation of a common disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanushah B ◽  
◽  
Thamilvannan N ◽  
Ahilen M ◽  
Ahilan S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Reactive Arthritis ◽  
Double Standard ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Dna Viruses ◽  
Herpes Simplex Viruses ◽  
Uncommon Presentation

Herpes Simplex Viruses (HSV) are members of the Herpesvirales, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae. They are linear double standard DNA viruses. Skin manifestations caused by HSV is one of the commonest cutaneous infectious diseases encountered during dermatology practice. It affects most people on one or more occasions during their lives. Cutaneous presentations are characterized by painful localized grouped vesicles. Type 1 HSV is mainly associated with orofacial involvement. Type 2 HSV is mainly associated with anorectal involvement. However, HSV infection can occur almost any area of skin or mucous membrane.

scholarly journals Mucosal Herpes Immunity and Immunopathology to Ocular and Genital Herpes Simplex Virus Infections

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aziz Alami Chentoufi ◽  
Lbachir BenMohamed
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Viral Pathogens ◽  
Herpes Simplex Viruses ◽  
Cold Sores ◽  
Simplex Virus ◽  
Disseminated Disease ◽  
Hsv 1

Herpes simplex viruses type 1 and type 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are amongst the most common human infectious viral pathogens capable of causing serious clinical diseases at every stage of life, from fatal disseminated disease in newborns to cold sores genital ulcerations and blinding eye disease. Primary mucocutaneous infection with HSV-1 & HSV-2 is followed by a lifelong viral latency in the sensory ganglia. In the majority of cases, herpes infections are clinically asymptomatic. However, in symptomatic individuals, the latent HSV can spontaneously and frequently reactivate, reinfecting the muco-cutaneous surfaces and causing painful recurrent diseases. The innate and adaptive mucosal immunities to herpes infections and disease remain to be fully characterized. The understanding of innate and adaptive immune mechanisms operating at muco-cutaneous surfaces is fundamental to the design of next-generation herpes vaccines. In this paper, the phenotypic and functional properties of innate and adaptive mucosal immune cells, their role in antiherpes immunity, and immunopathology are reviewed. The progress and limitations in developing a safe and efficient mucosal herpes vaccine are discussed.

scholarly journals Type 1 and Type 2 Herpes Simplex Viruses: Serological and Biological Differences 1

1970 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Plummer ◽  
J. L. Waner ◽  
A. Phuangsab ◽  
C. R. Goodheart
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Herpes Simplex Viruses ◽  
Biological Differences

scholarly journals Resistance of Herpes Simplex Viruses to Nucleoside Analogues: Mechanisms, Prevalence, and Management

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jocelyne Piret ◽  
Guy Boivin
Keyword(s):  
Herpes Simplex ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Plaque Reduction Assay ◽  
Herpes Simplex Viruses ◽  
Hsv Infections

ABSTRACTHerpes simplex viruses (HSV) type 1 and type 2 are responsible for recurrent orolabial and genital infections. The standard therapy for the management of HSV infections includes acyclovir (ACV) and penciclovir (PCV) with their respective prodrugs valacyclovir and famciclovir. These compounds are phosphorylated by the viral thymidine kinase (TK) and then by cellular kinases. The triphosphate forms selectively inhibit the viral DNA polymerase (DNA pol) activity. Drug-resistant HSV isolates are frequently recovered from immunocompromised patients but rarely found in immunocompetent subjects. The gold standard phenotypic method for evaluating the susceptibility of HSV isolates to antiviral drugs is the plaque reduction assay. Plaque autoradiography allows the associated phenotype to be distinguished (TK-wild-type, TK-negative, TK-low-producer, or TK-altered viruses or mixtures of wild-type and mutant viruses). Genotypic characterization of drug-resistant isolates can reveal mutations located in the viral TK and/or in the DNA pol genes. Recombinant HSV mutants can be generated to analyze the contribution of each specific mutation with regard to the drug resistance phenotype. Most ACV-resistant mutants exhibit some reduction in their capacity to establish latency and to reactivate, as well as in their degree of neurovirulence in animal models of HSV infection. For instance, TK-negative HSV mutants establish latency with a lower efficiency than wild-type strains and reactivate poorly. DNA pol HSV mutants exhibit different degrees of attenuation of neurovirulence. The management of ACV- or PCV-resistant HSV infections includes the use of the pyrophosphate analogue foscarnet and the nucleotide analogue cidofovir. There is a need to develop new antiherpetic compounds with different mechanisms of action.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document