scholarly journals Case series of Stargardt's disease: Our experience

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Syed Abdul Wadud ◽  
Muntasir Bin Shahid ◽  
Sumon Afroz
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Autosomal Recessive ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Macular Dystrophy ◽  
Stargardt Disease ◽  
Bull’S Eye Maculopathy ◽  
Bull's Eye

<p>Stargardt disease is the most common form of juvenile macular degeneration. Clinically, it is characterized by pisciform flecks at lhe level of the retinal pigment epithelium and a bull's-eye maculopathy. Inheritance is usually autosomal recessive, although dominantly inherited case have been described. Both sexes are affected equally. We reported here three cases of Stargardt's macular dystrophy, who are siblings and daughters of non consanguineous parents. In case-1,2 and 3 we found the typical presentation with almost same findings.</p>

scholarly journals Retinal Pigment Epithelium Tear Following Aflibercept for Exudative Macular Degeneration Tachyphylactic to Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A Agents

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asahi MG ◽  
Gallemore E ◽  
Gallemore RP
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Rescue Therapy ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Anti Vegf ◽  
Exudative Macular Degeneration ◽  
Rpe Tear

Purpose: To report two cases of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tears following treatment with aflibercept of exudative macula degeneration associated with pigment epithelial detachment (PED) tachyphylactic to antivascularendothelial growth factor (VEGF) A agents such as bevacizumab or ranibizumab.Methods: Retrospective case series of patients with exudative macular degeneration with PED who were managed with anti-VEGF A agents that developed RPE tear following the first aflibercept injection. The patients were followed with optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography.Results: In our two cases, RPE tear developed after being switched from bevacizumab or ranibizumab to treatment with aflibercept. Both cases were rescued with monthly ranibizumab injections. In each case vision and macular edema improved with continued treatment.Conclusion: RPE tears may occur following injection with aflibercept for treatment of exudative AMD tachyphylactic to bevacizumab or ranibizumab. Continued anti-VEGF treatment can be effective rescue therapy.

scholarly journals Retinal Pigment Epithelium Tear Following Aflibercept for Exudative Macular Degeneration Tachyphylactic to Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A Agents

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Asahi MG ◽  
Gallemore E ◽  
Gallemore RP
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Anti Vegf ◽  
Exudative Macular Degeneration ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor ◽  
Rpe Tear

Purpose: To report two cases of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) tears following treatment with aflibercept of exudative macula degeneration associated with pigment epithelial detachment (PED) tachyphylactic to antivascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) A agents such as bevacizumab or ranibizumab.Methods: Retrospective case series of patients with exudative macular degeneration with PED who were managed with anti-VEGF A agents that developed RPE tear following the first aflibercept injection. The patients were followed with optical coherence tomography and fluorescein angiography.Results: In our two cases, RPE tear developed after being switched from bevacizumab or ranibizumab to treatment with aflibercept. Both cases were rescued with monthly ranibizumab injections. In each case vision and macular edema improved with continued treatment.Conclusion: RPE tears may occur following injection with aflibercept for treatment of exudative AMD tachyphylactic to bevacizumab or ranibizumab. Continued anti-VEGF treatment can be effective rescue therapy.

scholarly journals Possible Retinal Impairment Secondary to Ritonavir Use in SARS-CoV-2 Patients: A Narrative Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Grazia Maria Cozzupoli ◽  
Maria Cristina Savastano ◽  
Benedetto Falsini ◽  
Alfonso Savastano ◽  
Stanislao Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Outer Retina ◽  
Macular Telangiectasia ◽  
Life Saving ◽  
Bull’S Eye Maculopathy ◽  
Bull's Eye

Some reports described a possible ritonavir-related retinal toxicity. The objective of this research was to review and analyze previous studies conducted on ritonavir administration and retinal impairment in a narrative synthesis. PubMed was used to perform a systematic review of ritonavir effects and retinal damage. All studies up to December 2019 were considered. Seven single cases and one case series, reporting a total of 10 patients affected by retinal changes secondary to long-term ritonavir treatment, were included in the review. Variable degrees of outer retina and retinal pigment epithelium changes were detected in most of the patients, with two patients showing macular telangiectasia, four patients presenting intraretinal crystal deposits, two patients disclosing a bull’s eye maculopathy, and two patients revealing midperipheral bone spicule-like pigment changes. In the present study, we hypothesized that the use of ritonavir in life-saving treatments of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pneumonia might expose these patients to the risk of developing a retinotoxicity. We aimed to alert ophthalmologists on the importance of recognizing ritonavir-induced retinal impairment in SARS-CoV-2 patients. These findings are the target for personalized medicine.

scholarly journals Retinal Pigment Epithelium Expressed Toll-like Receptors and Their Potential Role in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (16) ◽  
pp. 8387
Author(s):  
Alexa Klettner ◽  
Johann Roider
Keyword(s):  
Retinal Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Macular Degeneration ◽  
Pigment Epithelium ◽  
Retinal Pigment ◽  
Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Toll Like Receptors ◽  
Cell Degeneration ◽  
Age Related

(1) Background: Inflammation is a major pathomechanism in the development and progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) may contribute to retinal inflammation via activation of its Toll-like receptors (TLR). TLR are pattern recognition receptors that detect the pathogen- or danger-associated molecular pattern. The involvement of TLR activation in AMD is so far not understood. (2) Methods: We performed a systematic literature research, consulting the National Library of Medicine (PubMed). (3) Results: We identified 106 studies, of which 54 were included in this review. Based on these studies, the current status of TLR in AMD, the effects of TLR in RPE activation and of the interaction of TLR activated RPE with monocytic cells are given, and the potential of TLR activation in RPE as part of the AMD development is discussed. (4) Conclusion: The activation of TLR2, -3, and -4 induces a profound pro-inflammatory response in the RPE that may contribute to (long-term) inflammation by induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reducing RPE function and causing RPE cell degeneration, thereby potentially constantly providing new TLR ligands, which could perpetuate and, in the long run, exacerbate the inflammatory response, which may contribute to AMD development. Furthermore, the combined activation of RPE and microglia may exacerbate neurotoxic effects.

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