Does hysteroscopy promote tumor cell proliferation in endometrial cancer?

Peritoneal cytological investigation was carried out inpatients with endometrial cancer, who were subjected to hysteroscopy before the operation (37patients) or were operated on without hysteroscopy. Comparative analysis of the data didnt reveal the role of hysteroscopy in tumor cell dissemination.

Colchicine induced manifestation of abnormal male meiosis and 2n pollen in Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague (Apiaceae)

Unreduced gametes are the key source for the natural polyploidization in plants, but process of its formation is very low in nature. Meiotic mutants are second source for the formation of 2n pollen. In this cytological investigation, the meiotic aberrations and its impact on post-meiotic products were analysed in autotetraploid Trachyspermum ammi (L.) Sprague (4n=36). The seedlings of T. ammi (L.) Sprague were treated with 3 different concentrations of colchicine (0.2, 0.4 and 0.5%, w/v) for 3 different durations. Six polyploid plants were induced which was confirmed on the basis of cytological analysis. Colchicine, an anti-microtubular drug induced different meiotic and post-meiotic abnormalities such as chromosomal bridges, lagging chromosomes, scattering, precocious, fragments, dyads, triads, and polyads. The formation of several abnormal sporads clearly signifies the meiotic restitution. The tendency of univalents to scattered in the cytoplasm at metaphase was identified as a peculiar aberration asynapsis. Pollen variability and fusion of pollen walls was reported and pollen fertility was calculated. The morphological analysis of the pollen allowed us to confirm the occurrence of 2n pollen.

Patients Presenting with a Hot, Swollen Joint: A Single-Centre Retrospective Analysis

Background: A hot, swollen joint is a common clinical condition encountered in the ED and elective orthopaedic and rheumatology clinics. These patients can be difficult to manage and properly treat. Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study was to report a single centre retrospective analysis of patients presenting to our institution for a hot, swollen joint over a three-month period. Methods: The study included patients presenting with a hot, swollen joint to ED or electively to clinics. The synovial fluid was aspirated and sent for microbiological and cytological investigation. P value was set to < 0.001. 36 patients (22 M, 14 F) with a mean age of 72.8 ± 17.4 years met our criteria. 20 cases (55.6 %) involved the knee joint, the wrist in 10 cases (27.8%), the elbow in 3 cases (8.3%) and the shoulder in 3 cases (8.3%). Results: Of the 36 synovial fluid samples collected, only 7 (19.4%) reported evidence of infection. On cytological examination of the synovial fluid, 21 (58.3%) reported presence of calcium pyrophosphates crystals (Pseudogout), 4 (11.1 %) reported presence of uric acid crystals (Gout) and 11 (30.5%) reported absence of crystals. We found a significant correlation between age and the diagnosis of pseudogout and between previous antibiotic treatment and ED presentation. Our study sheds light on the high incidence of crystal-related pathologies. Conclusion: In order to improve our management of this common condition and enhance our understanding of the clinical diagnosis in certain patient population, further high-profile clinical studies are needed.

Surgical treatment of the thyroid nodes of uncertain cytological structure

Objective. To determine the clinical factors of the enhanced risk of malignancy in patients, having categories of cytological conclusions III (AUS/FLUS) and IV (FN/SFN). Маterials and methods. There were 11 621 patients examined with cytological investigation of thyroidal nodes under ultrasonographic control. Cytological conclusions of category ІІІ (AUS/FLUS) have characterized 621 nodes, while conclusions of category IV (FN/SFN) - 1215 nodes. There were operated 150 patients, owing cytological conclusions of category III, 436 patients - with cytological conclusions of category IV, and 11 patients, having categories of cytological conclusions III and IV. Results. Papillary and follicular carcinomas were revealed in 36% patients, suffering thyroidal nodes of the Bethesda III category, what is trustworthily more frequently (р < 0.01), than in the patients, suffering thyroidal nodes of the Bethesda category IV (25.1%). There were revealed such factors of risk for malignant properties in patients, suffering thyroidal nodes with the Bethesda category III, as: the node size 2 сm and less, its hypoechogeneicity, uneven borders, irregular form, and presence of hyperechogenic foci (р < 0.01). Cystic degeneration of a node constitutes the sign of its benign origin (р < 0.01). Conclusion. High risk of malignant changes (36%) in thyroidal nodes, in accordance to cytological conclusion of the Bethesda category III revealed, trusts the need for enhanced oncological suspicion and conduction of surgical treatment. Тhe additional factors of malignant changes must be taking into account as well, such as the node size 2 сm and less, its hypoechogeneicity, uneven borders, irregular form, and presence of hyperechogenic foci.

Cytogenetical characterization of Acalypha indica L. in Bangladesh

Acalypha indica L. was cytogenetically characterized after staining with orcein, CMA and DAPI. In this species "Simple Chromocenter Type" of interphase nuclei was observed with a few small heterochromatin blocks following orcein staining. Prophase chromosomes showed “Interstitial Type” of staining pattern with orcein which indicated the tendency of aggregation of heterochromatin in interstitial regions of chromosome. This plant was found to possess 2n = 20 metacentric chromosomes. The total length of 2n chromosome complement was 55.33 μm. Individual chromosome length ranged from 1.84 to 3.50 μm. The relative length of each chromosome ranged from 0.03 to 0.06. After staining with CMA, three bright bands were observed at different locations of chromosomes. A total of four DAPI-positive bands were also found of which two bands were centromeric and other two were entirely fluoresced with DAPI. The results of the cytological investigation may be useful for future characterization of this plant species. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 27(2): 183-189, 2018 (July)

A new way of concentrating the cellular material of exudates

Objective. Improve the method for concentrating the cellular material of serous cavities exudates for cytological investigation.Materials and methods. The optimal time of accumulation of cell samples in effusion liquids was determined on the basis of the sedimentation method using a dropping funnel by examining 28 samples of exudates (pleural and abdominal) obtained from 24 patients with ovarian cancer. The two methods for concentrating the cellular material of exudate were compared: the method using a dropping funnel and the method using a cylinder.Results. It was found that the 60-minute exposure time was optimal in using a dropping funnel to concentrate the cellular material of exudates.Conclusion. Using a dropping funnel to concentrate the cellular material of the exudates is optimal. In this case, the investigational preparations contain a sufficient amount of cellular material for the cytological study and the cell complexes are larger than those in using the cylinder.