scholarly journals Effects of botanicals against anthracnose and blight diseases of Houttuynia cordata Thunb

2016 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Trisha Saha ◽  
Shamim Shamsi
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Tagetes Erecta ◽  
Citrus Limon ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Houttuynia Cordata ◽  
Datura Metel ◽  
Houttuynia Cordata Thunb

Anthracnose and blight were recorded on Houttuynia cordata Thunb. during April 2013 to December 2013. The isolated fungi from the symptomatic plants were identified as Alterneria alternata (Fr.) Keissler and Colletotrichum gloeosporoides (Penz.) Sacc. Ethanol leaf extracts of five plants viz.,Azadirachta indica L., Citrus limon L., Datura metel L., Sennaalata L. and Tagetes erecta L.were evaluated against the pathogenic fungi A. alternata and C. gloeosporoides at 5%, 10% and 20% concentrations in vitro. A. indica recorded as good inhibitor against the test fungi followed by C. limon, S. alata, D. metel and T.erecta. In vivo treatment also showed that A.indica is the most effective in controlling diseases at 10% concentration. The plants treated with A. indica were fresh and healthy up to one month of observation.J. Asiat. Soc. Bangladesh, Sci. 42(1): 41-48, June 2016

scholarly journals Latent Pathogenic Fungi in the Medicinal Plant Houttuynia cordata Thunb. Are Modulated by Secondary Metabolites and Colonizing Microbiota Originating from Soil

2021 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-372
Author(s):  
HAI-TAO YE ◽  
SHI-QIONG LUO ◽  
ZHAN-NAN YANG ◽  
YUAN-SHUAI WANG ◽  
QIAN DING
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Penicillium Citrinum ◽  
Sterile Soil ◽  
Mutual Inhibition ◽  
Houttuynia Cordata ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Houttuynia Cordata Thunb ◽  
In Vitro Antifungal Activity

Latent pathogenic fungi (LPFs) affect plant growth, but some of them may stably colonize plants. LPFs were isolated from healthy Houttuynia cordata rhizomes to reveal this mechanism and identified as Ilyonectria liriodendri, an unidentified fungal sp., and Penicillium citrinum. Sterile H. cordata seedlings were cultivated in sterile or non-sterile soils and inoculated with the LPFs, followed by the plants’ analysis. The in vitro antifungal activity of H. cordata rhizome crude extracts on LPF were determined. The effect of inoculation of sterile seedlings by LPFs on the concentrations of rhizome phenolics was evaluated. The rates of in vitro growth inhibition amongst LPFs were determined. The LPFs had a strong negative effect on H. cordata in sterile soil; microbiota in non-sterile soil eliminated such influence. There was an interactive inhibition among LPFs; the secondary metabolites also regulated their colonization in H. cordata rhizomes. LPFs changed the accumulation of phenolics in H. cordata. The results provide that colonization of LPFs in rhizomes was regulated by the colonizing microbiota of H. cordata, the secondary metabolites in the H. cordata rhizomes, and the mutual inhibition and competition between the different latent pathogens.

scholarly journals Phytochemical Composition, Antimicrobial Effect of Azadirachta indica and Carica papaya Extracts on Fungi Isolated From Gmelina arborea Seedling

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Umana E. Johnson ◽  
Patrick I. Akwaji ◽  
Udo S. Effiong ◽  
Markson Aniedi-Abasi ◽  
Orok E. Effiom
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Gmelina Arborea ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Methanol Extracts ◽  
Mucor Mucedo

Gmelina arborea Roxb has important economic value in Nigeria and worldwide. It has been used as timber, for pulp and paper, furniture, plywood and for particle board. Due to the menace caused by fungal diseases in nurseries and sites where the seedlings are raised and the observed disease severity at the Awi Gmelina Forestry Project Nursery in Cross River State, Nigeria. It became necessary to provide a viable environmentally friendly measure to curb the diseases, hence, a trial on the antifungal effects of leaf extracts of Carica papaya and Azadirachta indica in-vitro using different extract solvents on some pathogenic fungi isolated from Gmelina arborea seedlings. The isolated fungi were Trichoderma viride (from stem and leaf) and Mucor mucedo (stem and leaf). The solvents used were ethanol, methanol, propanol, butanol, acetone, chloroform and distilled water. Phytochemical screening of extracts of C. papaya from the different solvents showed that there was no tannin and hydroxymethyl anthraquinine. Flavonoids and polyphenols were in excess in acetone and methanol extracts respectively. For A. indica, polyphenols were only found in excess in ethanol and methanol extracts. Application of the extracts at different percentages of 0% (control), 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% and 100% showed that Carica papaya extracted with butanol was more potent on Trichoderma viride and Mucor mucedo at 60%, 70%, 80% and 100% while the growth of Trichoderma viride and Mucor mucedo was checked by butanol extracts of A. indica at 70%, 80%, 90% and 100%. Conclusively, butanol extracts of C. papaya and A. indica at higher concentrations is recommended for use as spray to control the diseases.

scholarly journals Management of anthracnose and blight diseases of Houttuynia cordata Thunb. with fungicides

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-90
Author(s):  
Shamim Shamsi ◽  
Trisha Saha
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Efficient Inhibitor ◽  
Houttuynia Cordata ◽  
In Vivo Treatment ◽  
Houttuynia Cordata Thunb ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

Two types of symptoms, namely anthracnose and blight were recorded on Houttuynia cordata Thunb. during the period of April to December 2013. The isolated fungi from the diseased plants were Alterneria alternata (Fr.) Keissler and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Sacc. Five fungicides viz., Bavistin DF, Dithane M-45, Indofil, Salcox 50 WP and Tall 25 EC were evaluated against the pathogenic fungi at 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 ppm concentrations. Tall 25 EC was found most efficient inhibitor of the test fungi followed by Bavistin, Indofil, Dithane M-45 and Salcox. In vivo treatment Tall 25 EC was found most effective in controlling the diseases.Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol. 39, No. 1, 83-90, 2015

scholarly journals Ibrexafungerp: A First-in-Class Oral Triterpenoid Glucan Synthase Inhibitor

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabelle Jallow ◽  
Nelesh P. Govender
Keyword(s):  
Pathogenic Fungi ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Fungal Cell ◽  
Favourable Safety ◽  
Favourable Safety Profile ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
In Vitro Data

Ibrexafungerp (formerly SCY-078 or MK-3118) is a first-in-class triterpenoid antifungal or “fungerp” that inhibits biosynthesis of β-(1,3)-D-glucan in the fungal cell wall, a mechanism of action similar to that of echinocandins. Distinguishing characteristics of ibrexafungerp include oral bioavailability, a favourable safety profile, few drug–drug interactions, good tissue penetration, increased activity at low pH and activity against multi-drug resistant isolates including C. auris and C. glabrata. In vitro data has demonstrated broad and potent activity against Candida and Aspergillus species. Importantly, ibrexafungerp also has potent activity against azole-resistant isolates, including biofilm-forming Candida spp., and echinocandin-resistant isolates. It also has activity against the asci form of Pneumocystis spp., and other pathogenic fungi including some non-Candida yeasts and non-Aspergillus moulds. In vivo data have shown IBX to be effective for treatment of candidiasis and aspergillosis. Ibrexafungerp is effective for the treatment of acute vulvovaginal candidiasis in completed phase 3 clinical trials.

scholarly journals Atividade do óleo de Eucalyptus citriodora e Azadirachta indica no controle de Colletotrichum acutatum em morangueiro

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cláudia Regina Dias-Arieira ◽  
Lucas da Rocha Ferreira ◽  
Jailson de Oliveira Arieira ◽  
Edenilson Gonçalves Miguel ◽  
Mateus Augusto Donega ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Colletotrichum Acutatum ◽  
Eucalyptus Citriodora

A flor-preta é uma das doenças mais importantes do morangueiro e a busca por alternativas de controle tem sido uma constante, principalmente em áreas de cultivo orgânico. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar a eficiência, in vitro e in vivo, dos óleos de Eucalyptus citriodora e Azadirachta indica no controle de Colletotrichum acutatum em morangueiro. No experimento in vitro determinou-se a inibição do crescimento micelial quando o fungo foi submetido aos extratos nas concentrações de 0; 0,25; 0,5; 1,0 e 1,5%. No campo, avaliou-se o controle da doença com a aplicação dos óleos nas concentrações de 0, 0,5 e 1,0%, pulverizados em intervalos de 7, 15 e 30 dias, em plantas inoculadas com suspensão de 10(6) conídios/mL. As avaliações foram realizadas semanalmente, observando-se a ocorrência e tamanho de lesões no pedúnculo e nos frutos, abortamento floral, produtividade, e ocorrência natural da doença. In vitro todos os tratamentos apresentaram redução significativa do crescimento micelial do fungo quando comparados ao controle. No campo, apenas o óleo de nim apresentou efeito significativo, reduzindo o abortamento floral e a ocorrência de frutos doentes advindos de flores inoculadas. Porém, maior ocorrência natural de doença foi observada quando a dosagem de 1,0% foi aplicada semanalmente.

In vitro and in vivo activities of Melia azedarach L. aqueous leaf extracts on murine lymphocytes

Phytomedicine ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.C. Courrèges ◽  
F. Benencia ◽  
F.C. Coulombié ◽  
C.E. Coto
Keyword(s):  
Melia Azedarach ◽  
Leaf Extracts

scholarly journals CLONAL PROPAGATION OF NEEM (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) VIA DIRECT AND INDIRECT IN VITRO REGENERATION

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-445 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laureen Michelle Houllou ◽  
Robson Antônio de Souza ◽  
Elizabete Cristina Pacheco dos Santos ◽  
José Jackson Pereira da Silva ◽  
Marta Ribeiro Barbosa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Callus Formation ◽  
In Vitro Regeneration ◽  
Regenerative Process ◽  
Shoot Tips ◽  
Shoot Tip ◽  
Stem Base ◽  
Different Characteristics

ABSTRACTThe study was conducted with shoot tip explants of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) to identify a viable regenerative process. Shoot tips were obtained from neem embryos cultured alternatingly in DKW medium supplemented with BAP and medium without hormones. Initial shoot development was influenced by cotyledon presence. Basal callus, excised from in vitro stem base, also presented organogenic potential. In some cases, plant lines, obtained from each seed, presented different characteristics. The most common characteristic observed in vitro was callus formation at the stem base. However, the rarest characteristics were stem callus formation and leaf senescence. The regenerated shoot tips were further subculture and rooted on a medium supplemented with IBA so that complete plants could be obtained. The rooted plants were transplanted to a greenhouse and successfully acclimatized. No significant differences in in vivo development were observed between neem plants from callus and from shoot tip propagation.

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