Prevention of the Inflammatory Complications

Conducting of prophylactic antibiotic therapy in patient after surgical interventions in oral and maxillofacial surgery reduces the incidence of postoperative infectious complications. The general questions of prophylaxis, oral microflora are considered. Recommendations on the antibiotic prophylaxis in oral and maxillofacial surgery are given.

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Prevention of Inflammatory Complications upon Surgeries in Maxillofacial Region

Journal of Diagnostics and Treatment of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology ◽

10.23999/j.dtomp.2017.2.8 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 105-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Oleksii Tymofieiev ◽

Natalia Ushko ◽

Oleksandr Tymofieiev ◽

Maria Yarifa ◽

Ievgen Fesenko

Keyword(s):

Postoperative Complications ◽

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽

Infectious Complications ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Maxillofacial Region ◽

Surgical Interventions ◽

Oral Microflora ◽

Prophylactic Antibiotic Therapy

Conducting of prophylactic antibiotic therapy in patient after surgical interventions in oral and maxillofacial surgery reduces the incidence of postoperative infectious complications. The analysis of the clean, conditionally clean, dirty (potentially infected), and purulent surgeries is performed. The general questions of prophylaxis of infection complications in plastic, orthognathic, purulent surgeries, and oral microflora are considered. Consecutive cases of postoperative complications and purulent conditions at the head and neck areas are presented. Recommendations on the antibiotic prophylaxis in oral and maxillofacial surgery are given.

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A Study of Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Unconscious Patients

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.21.2.202 ◽

1958 ◽

Vol 21 (2) ◽

pp. 202-202

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽

Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽

Treated Group ◽

Pulmonary Complications ◽

Prophylactic Antibiotics ◽

Prophylactic Therapy ◽

Gram Negative ◽

Prophylactic Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Unconscious Patients

A group of 72 comatose patients with no evidence of infection were studied in order to establish the influence of prophylactic antibiotics on their subsequent course. Of this group, 32 were treated with penicillin and streptomycin or tetracycline, and 10 received sulfisoxazole or nitrofurantoin; the remaining 30 patients served as controls and received no prophylactic therapy. It was found that there was no difference in mortality between the treated and the untreated groups. However, pulmonary complications developed in 45% of the prophylactically treated group whereas only 15% of the untreated patients developed such complications. In the treated group, bacteremia due to a gram-negative rod occurred in two patients who died. In addition, the usual nasopharyngeal flora of the treated patients was replaced by gram-negative rods. The authors conclude that "prophylactic antibiotic therapy is of no benefit, and is distinctly hazardous in unconscious patients."

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Compliance and Related Outcomes of Prophylactic Antibiotics in Traumatic Open Fractures

Hospital Pharmacy ◽

10.1177/0018578719836638 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 55 (3) ◽

pp. 193-198

Author(s):

Hannah C. Johnson ◽

Abby M. Bailey ◽

Regan A. Baum ◽

Stephanie B. Justice ◽

Kyle A. Weant

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Therapy ◽

Antibiotic Prophylaxis ◽

Prophylactic Antibiotic ◽

Retrospective Chart Review ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Infectious Complications ◽

Open Fractures ◽

Hospital Length Of Stay ◽

Prophylactic Therapy ◽

Guideline Compliance

Purpose: Prophylactic antibiotic therapy is a standard of care for patients who present with open fractures due to the risk of infectious complications. This study was conducted to characterize the use of initial prophylactic antibiotic use in open fractures, guideline compliance, and its impact on care. Methods: Retrospective chart review of adult patients presenting with an open fracture to a Level 1 Trauma Center Emergency Department over a 12-month period was conducted. Results: Of the 202 patients meeting inclusion criteria, overall compliance with guideline recommendations for antibiotic prophylaxis was found to be 33.2%. The duration of prophylactic therapy was significantly longer in the noncompliant group and among those who received a secondary antibiotic ( P < .05 for both comparisons). The duration of therapy was found to be significantly longer in those patients who developed an infection ( P < .001). Those who developed an infection had a longer hospital length of stay (LOS) ( P < .001) and intensive care unit LOS ( P = .002). In addition, those who developed an infection had significantly more surgeries ( P < .001) and received more red blood cell transfusions ( P < .001). Correlation analysis confirmed a significant association between infection and duration of antibiotic prophylaxis ( P = .02), number of surgeries ( P < .0001), and number of transfusions ( P < .0001). Conclusion: Guideline compliance was exceedingly low due to the extended duration of initial antibiotic therapy and did not appear to yield any clinical benefits. Infection was significantly associated with longer duration of initial prophylactic therapy and morbidity. Opportunities exist to elevate compliance with guidelines and to reevaluate prophylactic antimicrobial therapy in this setting.

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