COPPER (II) OXIDE NANOPARTICLES TOXICITY AND POTENTIAL HUMAN HEALTH HAZARDS

Background. As water flows through habitats associated with estuaries, such as mud flats, salt marshes, sea grass and mangrove forests, pollutants such as heavy metals are filtered. The fine sediment dominant in intertidal and subtidal estuarine systems is an important sink for these contaminants. Periwinkle, which inhabit estuarine ecosystems, are known to bioaccumulate large quantities of contaminants. Objectives. In view of the widespread consumption of periwinkle in the Niger Delta, Nigeria, this study was designed to assess the concentration and potential human health hazards of heavy metals due to the consumption of this rich, inexpensive and readily available source of protein in Calabar, Nigeria. Methods. Lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr) and nickel (Ni) content of edible tissues of periwinkles obtained from major markets in Calabar were determined using Shimadzu atomic absorption spectrophotometer (Model AA-6800, Japan) after wet digestion. Results. The ranges of concentration (mg/kg dry weight) were Pb (0.011–0.056), Cd (0.008–0.032), Cr (0.014–0.157) and Ni (0.053–0.261) for Watt Market and Pb (0.009–0.052), Cd (0.011–0.032), Cr (0.012–0.052) and Ni (0.012–0.322) for Mariam Market. Concentrations of all the metals were below Food and Agricultural Organization (FAO), FAO/World Health Organization (WHO) and Commission of European Communities maximum permissible limits. The estimated daily intake (EDI) of Pb and Cd were slightly higher compared to the recommended daily intake for the metals. The EDI of all metals under study were lower than the upper tolerable daily intake. The target hazard quotients (THQ) computed to estimate the human health risk posed by each metal were above the safe limits of unity, except for Cr. The hazard index (HI) for a typical adult of 60.7 kg body weight was found to be 9.7 for Watt Market and the relative contributions to the aggregated risk were 24.66%, 54.51%, 0.0001% and 20.70% for Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. The HI for Marian Market was 10.7 and the relative contributions to the aggregated risk were 22.31%, 57.55%, 0.06% and 20.09% for Pb, Cd, Cr and Ni, respectively. Conclusions. Consumption of periwinkles purchased from major markets in Calabar poses toxicological risk with respect to Pb, Cd and Ni poisoning. Competing interests. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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Characteristics and potential human health hazards of charged aerosols generated by high-voltage power lines

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics ◽

10.1080/10803548.2018.1460036 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 91-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Joon-Sig Jung ◽

Jae Won Lee ◽

Rajitha Kawshalya Mailan Arachchige Don ◽

Duck Shin Park ◽

Seung Cheol Hong

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

High Voltage ◽

Health Hazards ◽

Power Lines ◽

Charged Aerosols ◽

High Voltage Power Lines ◽

Potential Human Health

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Assessing Potential Human Health Hazards and Benefits from Subtherapeutic Antibiotics in the United States: Tetracyclines as a Case Study

Risk Analysis ◽

10.1111/j.1539-6924.2009.01340.x ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 432-457 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Louis Anthony (Tony) Cox Jr ◽

Douglas A. Popken

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Human Health ◽

The United States ◽

Health Hazards ◽

Potential Human Health

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Evaluation of ecosystem health and potential human health hazards in the Hangzhou Bay and Qiantang Estuary region through multiple assessment approaches

Environmental Pollution ◽

10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114791 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 264 ◽

pp. 114791

Author(s):

Genhai Zhu ◽

Md Abu Noman ◽

Dhiraj Dhondiram Narale ◽

Weihua Feng ◽

Laxman Pujari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Human Health ◽

Ecosystem Health ◽

Health Hazards ◽

Hangzhou Bay ◽

Multiple Assessment ◽

Potential Human Health

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Relationship between Phylogenetic Groups, Genotypic Clusters, and Virulence Gene Profiles of Escherichia coli Strains from Diverse Human and Animal Sources

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.00275-07 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 73 (18) ◽

pp. 5703-5710 ◽

Cited By ~ 75

Author(s):

Satoshi Ishii ◽

Katriya P. Meyer ◽

Michael J. Sadowsky

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Human Health ◽

Animal Species ◽

Virulence Gene ◽

Health Hazards ◽

Dna Fingerprint ◽

Phylogenetic Groups ◽

E Coli ◽

Animal Hosts ◽

Potential Human Health

ABSTRACT Escherichia coli strains in water may originate from various sources, including humans, farm and wild animals, waterfowl, and pets. However, potential human health hazards associated with E. coli strains present in various animal hosts are not well known. In this study, E. coli strains from diverse human and animal sources in Minnesota and western Wisconsin were analyzed for the presence of genes coding for virulence factors by using multiplex PCR and biochemical reactions. Of the 1,531 isolates examined, 31 (2%) were found to be Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) strains. The majority of these strains, which were initially isolated from the ruminants sheep, goats, and deer, carried the stx 1c and/or stx 2d, ehxA, and saa genes and belonged to E. coli phylogenetic group B1, indicating that they most likely do not cause severe human diseases. All the STEC strains, however, lacked eae. In contrast, 26 (1.7%) of the E. coli isolates examined were found to be potential enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC) strains and consisted of several intimin subtypes that were distributed among various human and animal hosts. The EPEC strains belonged to all four phylogenetic groups examined, suggesting that EPEC strains were relatively widespread in terms of host animals and genetic background. Atypical EPEC strains, which carried an EPEC adherence factor plasmid, were identified among E. coli strains from humans and deer. DNA fingerprint analyses, done using the horizontal, fluorophore-enhanced repetitive-element, palindromic PCR technique, indicated that the STEC, potential EPEC, and non-STEC ehxA-positive E. coli strains were genotypically distinct and clustered independently. However, some of the potential EPEC isolates were genotypically indistinguishable from nonpathogenic E. coli strains. Our results revealed that potential human health hazards associated with pathogenic E. coli strains varied among the animal hosts that we examined and that some animal species may harbor a greater number of potential pathogenic strains than other animal species.

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